Abstract:
:Resident microglia of the rat CNS express a unique type of keratan sulfate immunoreactivity (KS-IR) that is lacking on peripheral monocytes/macrophages and associated with a so far unknown proteoglycan core protein. Microglial KS-IR is downregulated during T-cell-mediated autoimmune inflammation but largely preserved in degenerative lesion paradigms. This study addresses the role of cytokines and colony-stimulating factors in the regulation of microglial KS-IR. In vitro, ramified microglia in coculture with astrocytes, but not isolated microglia, constitutively expressed KS-IR under control conditions. In both culture paradigms, KS-IR was increased significantly by macrophage- (M-CSF) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factors (GM-CSF), as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). By contrast, the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) downregulated KS-IR, both when applied alone or in combination with either GM-CSF, M-CSF, or TNF-alpha. In vivo, the intracerebroventricular administration of IFN-gamma, but not TNF-alpha, to healthy rats led to an almost complete disappearance of KS-IR from ramified brain microglia. Our data suggest that the expression of microglial KS-IR is under dominant negative control by the Th1 cell cytokine IFN-gamma and represent the first evidence of cytokine-dependent proteoglycan regulation in the CNS.
journal_name
Gliajournal_title
Gliaauthors
Jander S,Schroeter M,Fischer J,Stoll Gdoi
10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(200006)30:4<401::aid-glia9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
401-10issue
4eissn
0894-1491issn
1098-1136pii
10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(200006)30:4<401::AID-GLIA9journal_volume
30pub_type
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