Abstract:
:Apoptosis of dentate granular cells in the hippocampal formation during bacterial meningitis may be mediated by glutamate toxicity. For this reason, we studied the relationship between glutamine synthetase activity and regional neuronal apoptosis in rabbits with experimental pneumococcal meningitis. The duration of meningitis was 24 h, and the treatment was started 16 h after infection. Significant increases of glutamine synthetase protein concentration (P < 0.05) were found in the frontal cortex of rabbits with meningitis (n = 7) and rabbits with meningitis receiving ceftriaxone treatment (n = 12) as compared to the control animals (n = 14). No significant differences were seen in the hippocampal formation. The enzymatic activity of glutamine synthetase also was elevated in the frontal cortex (P < 0.05), but not in the hippocampal formation of rabbits with meningitis. After intravenous administration of L-methionine sulfoximine (specific inhibitor of glutamine synthetase) in rabbits with meningitis treated with ceftriaxone (n = 10), the concentration of neuron-specific enolase in CSF (P = 0.025) and the density of apoptotic neurons in the dentate gyrus quantified with the in-situ tailing reaction (P = 0.043) were higher than in meningitic animals receiving only ceftriaxone (n = 10). In conclusion, the inability of hippocampal glutamine synthetase to metabolize excess amounts of glutamate may contribute to neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal formation during meningitis.
journal_name
Gliajournal_title
Gliaauthors
Tumani H,Smirnov A,Barchfeld S,Olgemöller U,Maier K,Lange P,Brück W,Nau Rdoi
10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(200003)30:1<11::aid-glia2>subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-03-01 00:00:00pages
11-8issue
1eissn
0894-1491issn
1098-1136pii
10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(200003)30:1<11::AID-GLIA2>journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GLIA文献大全abstract::Disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with immune-mediated pathogenesis is frequently associated with enhanced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on resident glial cells, including astrocytes. Recently, a soluble form of ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) has been demonstrated within the CNS and cerebrospina...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199802)22:2<103::aid-glia1
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During axonal ensheathment, noncompact myelin channels formed at lateral edges of the myelinating process become arranged into tight paranodal spirals that resemble loops when cut in cross section. These adhere to the axon, concentrating voltage-dependent sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier and patterning the surround...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23809
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage can adopt several phenotypes, process call polarization, which is crucial for shaping inflammatory responses to injury. It is not known if microglia, a resident brain macrophage population, polarizes in a similar way, and whether specific microglial phenotypes modulate cell death in response to brain injury...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22478
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is the most important event for the myelination of central nervous system (CNS) axons during development and remyelination in demyelinating diseases, while the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we show that NMDA receptor (NMDAR) is a ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22469
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitogenic growth factors play an important role in the initial stages of oligodendrocyte development, but their roles in the process of myelination itself remain less well defined. In order to study directly the effects of different growth factors on myelination, we used a purified in vitro co-culture system with dors...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20480
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human astrocytes provide trophic as well as structural support to the surrounding brain cells. Furthermore, they have been implicated in many physiological processes important for central nervous system function. Traditionally astrocytes have been considered to be a homogeneous class of cells, however, it has increasi...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23771
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are the predominant resident immune cells of the brain and can assume a range of phenotypes. They are critical for normal brain development and function but can also contribute to many disease processes. Although they are widely studied, the transcriptional control of microglial phenotype and activation requ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22486
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma-secretase is an aspartyl protease composed of four proteins: presenilin (PS), nicastrin (Nct), APH1, and PEN2. These proteins assemble into a membrane complex that cleaves a variety of substrates within the transmembrane domain. The gamma-secretase cleavage products play an important role in various biological p...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20638
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under pathological conditions, activated microglia play paradoxical roles and could have neurotoxic or neuroprotective effects. However, the signal determining how activated microglia affects the fate of neuronal cells remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa (DAP12), a trans...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22802
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury to the preterm brain has a particular predilection for cerebral white matter. White matter injury (WMI) is the most common cause of brain injury in preterm infants and a major cause of chronic neurological morbidity including cerebral palsy. Factors that predispose to WMI include cerebral oxygenation disturbanc...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.22658
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have suggested that Nkx6.2/Gtx and Nkx2.2 homeodomain transcription factors are involved in the regulation of oligodendrocyte maturation and/or myelination which occur predominantly in postnatal stages. However, their cellular specificity in postnatal central nervous system has not been characterized an...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20937
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulative evidence indicates that microglial cells influence the normal development of central nervous system (CNS) synapses. Yet, the functional properties of microglia in relation with synapse development remain unclear. We recently showed that in layer 4 of the whisker-related barrel field of the mouse somatosen...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22503
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a critical relationship between oligodendrocyte development, myelin production, and iron bioavailability. Iron deficiency leads to hypomyelination both in humans and animal models, and the neurological sequelae of hypomyelination are significant. Therefore, understanding molecular mechanisms of iron import in...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21164
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting predominantly motor neurons. Recent studies suggest that the disease progression of ALS is non-cell-autonomous, although the interaction between neurons and glial cells in different disease stages is not entirely clear. Here, we ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21167
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in the physiological and pathophysiological functions of the brain. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling, especially Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is considered to be crucial for the regulation of astrocytic functions. Mice with genetic ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23531
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia have diverse actions, ranging from synapse pruning in development to cytotoxic effects in disease. Brain energy metabolism and substrate availability vary under normal and disease states, but how these variations influence microglial function is relatively unknown. Microglia, like most other cell types, expr...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.23271
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) is a major output nucleus of the basal ganglia circuitry particularly sensitive to pathological dopamine depletion. Indeed, hyperactivity of SNr neurons is known to be responsible for some motor disorders characteristic of Parkinson's disease. The neuronal processing of basal...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22777
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Annexin II (AX II) is a member of the family of calcium-dependent actin- and phospholipid-binding proteins implicated in numerous intracellular functions such as signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and mRNA transport, as well as in the regulation of membrane/cytoskeleton contacts and extracellular functions. AX...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20529
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the expression and regulation of the L-cystine transporter, system x(c) (-), in Müller cells. In this study, newly developed conditionally immortalized rat Müller cell lines (TR-MUL) from transgenic rats harboring the temperature-sensitive SV 40 large T-antigen gene we...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10253
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes are arranged in highly organized gap junction-coupled networks, communicating via the propagation of Ca2+ waves. Astrocytes are gap junction-coupled not only to neighboring astrocytes, but also to oligodendrocytes, forming so-called panglial syncytia. It is not known, however, whether glial cells in panglia...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23613
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enriched preparations of oligodendrocytes, isolated either from adult bovine brain or from 30-day-old rat brain, eventually yield cultures in MEM-15% calf serum that contain, in addition to oligodendrocytes, proliferating astrocytes and variable numbers of fibroblast-like cells. If these cultures are switched to a ser...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440010608
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minocycline, a derivative of the antibiotic tetracycline, displays neuroprotective properties in various models of neurodegenerative diseases and is now used in clinical trials, because of its relative safety and tolerability. Minocycline passes the blood-brain barrier and is presumed to inhibit microglial activation....
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20268
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the role of L-type voltage-gated Ca++ channels in oligodendrocyte development, we used a mouse model of Timothy syndrome (TS) in which a gain-of-function mutation in the α1 subunit of the L-type Ca++ channel Cav1.2 gives rise to an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) isolat...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23468
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroinflammation perpetuates neuronal damage in many neurological disorders. Activation of resident microglia and infiltration of monocytes/macrophages contributes to neuronal injury and synaptic damage. Noninvasive imaging of these cells in vivo provides a means to monitor progression of disease as well as assess ef...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.22357
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic neurons with age. We previously found that a single systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) injection caused a slow progressive loss of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH+IR) neurons in SN associated ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22479
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endocannabinoid system exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by regulating cytokine production. Anandamide (AEA) down-regulates proinflammatory cytokines in a viral model of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, little is known about the mechanisms by which AEA exerts these effects. Microglial cells are the main sourc...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20907
更新日期:2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Microglial cells have a double life as the immune cells of the brain in times of stress but have also specific physiological functions in homeostatic conditions. In pathological contexts, microglia undergo a phenotypic switch called "reaction" that promotes the initiation and the propagation of neuro-inflammation. Rea...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23295
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human glioblastoma is a highly lethal tumor known for its capability of interfering with effective antitumor immune responses. Costimulatory signals are of critical relevance in both the inductive and effector phases of immune responses. Inducible costimulator-ligand (ICOSL), a member of the B7 family of costimulatory...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10291
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radial glia are neural stem cells that exist only transiently during central nervous system (CNS) development, where they serve as scaffolds for neuronal migration. Their instability makes them difficult to study, and therefore we have isolated stabilized radial glial clones from E14.5 cortical progenitors (e.g., L2.3...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20643
更新日期:2008-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have compared the effects of platelet-derived (PDGF) and basic fibroblast (bFGF) growth factors on the shape, migration, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, the precursors of myelin-forming cells in the CNS. In the presence of bFGF, oligodendrocyte progenitors purified from rat neonatal brain c...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440070308
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00