Activation of interferon signaling pathways in spinal cord astrocytes from an ALS mouse model.

abstract：:Neuronal injury in CNS tissues induces a rapid activation and mobilization of resident microglia (MG). It is widely assumed that changes in gene expression drive the morphological transformation of MG and regulate their mobilization during activation. Here, we used acutely excised neonatal rat brain slices to test whe...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kurpius D,Wilson N,Fuller L,Hoffman A,Dailey ME

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phenotype of a fully differentiated, mature Schwann cell is apparently largely determined by Schwann cell-axon interactions. In vitro, elevation of intracellular cAMP levels in Schwann cells induces a phenotype which resembles that of a mature, i.e., axon-related, Schwann cell. Therefore, an important role for cAM...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mews M,Meyer M

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are key players of the immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) and, being the resident innate immune cells, they are responsible for the early control of infections and for the recruitment of cells of the adaptive immune system required for pathogen clearance. The innate and adaptive immune respo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lehnardt S

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II and their binding proteins (BPs) has been studied in new-born rat astroblasts at confluency in primary culture. Under the influence of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) (acidic and basic), the morphology of the astroblasts was altered, 125I-deoxyuridine incor...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Loret C,Janet T,Labourdette G,Schneid H,Binoux M

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term, persistent central nervous system inflammation is commonly seen following brain infection. Using a murine model of viral encephalitis (murine cytomegalovirus, MCMV) we have previously shown that post-encephalitic brains are maintained in an inflammatory state consisting of glial cell reactivity, retention o...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lokensgard JR,Schachtele SJ,Mutnal MB,Sheng WS,Prasad S,Hu S

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells from different brain regions and species are depolarized by the neurotransmitter glutamate. The depolarization or, if voltage-clamped at the resting membrane potential, the inward current induced by glutamate could be due either to activation of receptor-coupled ion channels or electrogenic uptake of the t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sontheimer H,Kettenmann H,Backus KH,Schachner M

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The creatine kinase isoenzymes play an important role in maintaining ATP levels in some cell types during times of high energy demand. We have previously shown in primary cell cultures from rat brain that glial cells express much higher levels of brain creatine kinase (CKB) mRNA than neurons. In a separate earlier stu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kuzhikandathil EV,Molloy GR

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer stem cells (CSC) are essential for tumorigenesis. The transcription factor Sox2 is overexpressed in brain gliomas, and is essential to maintain CSC. In mouse high-grade glioma pHGG cells in culture, Sox2 deletion causes cell proliferation arrest and inability to reform tumors after transplantation in vivo; in S...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Barone C,Buccarelli M,Alessandrini F,Pagin M,Rigoldi L,Sambruni I,Favaro R,Ottolenghi S,Pallini R,Ricci-Vitiani L,Malatesta P,Nicolis SK

更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crosstalk between glial cells and neurons represents an exceptional feature for maintaining the normal function of the central nervous system (CNS). Increasing evidence has revealed the importance of glial progenitor cells in adult neurogenesis, reestablishment of cellular pools, neuroregeneration, and axonal (re)...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Martins-Macedo J,Lepore AC,Domingues HS,Salgado AJ,Gomes ED,Pinto L

更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CNS glia exhibit a variety of gap junctional interactions: between neighboring astrocytes, between neighboring oligodendrocytes, between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and as 'reflexive' structures between layers of myelin in oligodendrocytes. Together, these junctions are thought to form a network facilitating abso...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Magnotti LM,Goodenough DA,Paul DL

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence has suggested that astrocytes demonstrate striking regionally allocated functional heterogeneity. Here, we discuss how this spatiotemporally encoded diversity determines the astrocytic phenotype along a finely grained spectrum from neuroprotective to deleterious states. With increasing recognition ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Clarke BE,Taha DM,Tyzack GE,Patani R

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytic lineage commitment and brain region-dependent specialization of glia are partly ascribed to epigenetic processes. Clearance of glutamate is an essential task, which astrocytes assume in a temporal-spatial fashion by distinct glutamate transporter expression. Glutamate transporter subtype 1 (GLT-1) is predom...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Perisic T,Holsboer F,Rein T,Zschocke J

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterosynaptic long-term depression (hLTD) at untetanized synapses accompanying the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) spatially sharpens the activity-induced synaptic potentiation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We found that hLTD in the hippocampal CA1 region is caused by stimulation-induc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chen J,Tan Z,Zeng L,Zhang X,He Y,Gao W,Wu X,Li Y,Bu B,Wang W,Duan S

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we investigated the involvement of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the brain of the dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse, an experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). To this purpose, we used two tight junction markers, the Zonula occludens (ZO-1) and claudin-1 proteins, and a glial marker, th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nico B,Frigeri A,Nicchia GP,Corsi P,Ribatti D,Quondamatteo F,Herken R,Girolamo F,Marzullo A,Svelto M,Roncali L

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike microglia and NG2 glia, astrocytes are incapable of migrating to sites of injury in the posttraumatic cerebral cortex, instead relying on proliferation to replenish their numbers and distribution in the affected region. However, neither the spectrum of their proliferative repertoire nor their postinjury distrib...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lange Canhos L,Chen M,Falk S,Popper B,Straub T,Götz M,Sirko S

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a critical relationship between oligodendrocyte development, myelin production, and iron bioavailability. Iron deficiency leads to hypomyelination both in humans and animal models, and the neurological sequelae of hypomyelination are significant. Therefore, understanding molecular mechanisms of iron import in...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Todorich B,Zhang X,Connor JR

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are innate immune cells of the central nervous system that sense extracellular cues. Brain injuries, inflammation, and pathology evoke dynamic structural responses in microglia, altering their morphology and motility. The dynamic motility of microglia is hypothesized to be a critical first step in sensing lo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Umpierre AD,Wu LJ

更新日期：2020-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary tumor, causing thousands of deaths worldwide every year. The mean survival of patients with GBM remains below 20 months despite current available therapies. GBM cells' interactions with their stromal counterparts are crucial for tumor development. Astrocytes are glial cells ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Brandao M,Simon T,Critchley G,Giamas G

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular purines are signaling molecules in the neurogenic niches of the brain and spinal cord, where they activate cell surface purinoceptors at embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) and adult neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Although mRNA and protein are expressed at NSCs/NPCs for almost all subtypes of the nucleot...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tang Y,Illes P

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IQSEC3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF-GEFs) is specifically expressed at GABAergic synapses, and its loss increases seizure susceptibility in mice. However, the contribution of microglia to initiation and/or progression of seizures in IQSEC3-deficient mice has not been investig...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Park D,Kim S,Kim H,Shin J,Jung H,Um JW

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix and cell-cell interactions. The β1-integrin subunit is highly expressed by embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) and is critical for NSC maintenance in the developing nervous system, but its role in the adult hippocampal niche remains unexplored...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Brooker SM,Bond AM,Peng CY,Kessler JA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transient global ischemia induces CA1 hippocampal neuronal death without astrocyte death, perhaps mediated in part by the toxic translocation of zinc from presynaptic terminals to postsynaptic neurons. We tested the hypothesis that cellular depolarization, which occurs in the ischemic brain due to increased extracellu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sheline CT,Takata T,Ying H,Canzoniero LM,Yang A,Yu SP,Choi DW

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of Rho-kinase (ROCK) with Y27632 stimulates sprouting by injured corticospinal tract and dorsal column tract axons, and accelerates functional recovery. However, regeneration of these axons across the glial scar was not observed. Here we examined the effects of Y27632 treatment on chondroitin sulfate proteo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chan CC,Wong AK,Liu J,Steeves JD,Tetzlaff W

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypotonic challenge induces transient swelling in glial cells, which is typically followed by a regulatory volume decrease (RVD). In contrast, lactic acidosis (lactacidosis) induces persistent cell swelling in astrocytes without an accompanying RVD. In the present study, we studied the mechanisms by which lactacidosis...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nabekura T,Morishima S,Cover TL,Mori S,Kannan H,Komune S,Okada Y

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid agonists might serve as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we examined this hypothesis in a rat model of Huntington's disease (HD) generated by intrastriatal injection of the mitochondrial complex II inhibitor malonate. Our results showed that only compounds able to activate CB2 r...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sagredo O,González S,Aroyo I,Pazos MR,Benito C,Lastres-Becker I,Romero JP,Tolón RM,Mechoulam R,Brouillet E,Romero J,Fernández-Ruiz J

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and play important roles under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Activation of microglia has been reported for a variety of CNS diseases and is believed to be involved in inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration. Loss of TGFβ1 results in ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Spittau B,Wullkopf L,Zhou X,Rilka J,Pfeifer D,Krieglstein K

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adrenergic agonist norepinephrine can exert its influence on cell function by activating both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. In astrocytes, the alpha-adrenergic receptor activity of norepinephrine is known to inhibit the cyclic AMP response elicited by its action at beta-adrenergic receptors. Pharmacologica...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Northam WJ,Bedoy CA,Mobley PL

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of receptor blockade induced by an angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist (AT(1)-RB) on glial and vascular changes in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), a model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). OIR was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by exposure to 80% oxygen from postnatal (P) days 0-1...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Downie LE,Pianta MJ,Vingrys AJ,Wilkinson-Berka JL,Fletcher EL

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed by the choroid plexuses (CPs), which are specialized structures located within the brain ventricles. They are composed of a vascularized stroma surrounded by a tight epithelium that controls molecular and cellular traffic between the blood and...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nataf S,Strazielle N,Hatterer E,Mouchiroud G,Belin MF,Ghersi-Egea JF

更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is known to promote proliferation of both retinal progenitors and Muller glia in vitro, but several questions remain concerning an in vivo role for this factor. In this study, we investigated whether the EGF receptor (EGFR) is necessary for the maintenance of normal levels of progenitor a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Close JL,Liu J,Gumuscu B,Reh TA

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00