Terminal complement complexes concomitantly stimulate proliferation and rescue of Schwann cells from apoptosis.

abstract：:In previous work, we demonstrated that NF-κB p50 acts as crucial regulator of adult hippocampal neural progenitor cells (ahNPC). Indeed, NF-κB p50 knockout (KO) mice are characterized by remarkably reduced hippocampal neurogenesis. As a follow up to that work, herein we show that when cultured in vitro, ahNPC from wil...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Cvijetic S,Bortolotto V,Manfredi M,Ranzato E,Marengo E,Salem R,Canonico PL,Grilli M

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in the physiological and pathophysiological functions of the brain. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling, especially Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is considered to be crucial for the regulation of astrocytic functions. Mice with genetic ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Okubo Y,Kanemaru K,Suzuki J,Kobayashi K,Hirose K,Iino M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid agonists might serve as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we examined this hypothesis in a rat model of Huntington's disease (HD) generated by intrastriatal injection of the mitochondrial complex II inhibitor malonate. Our results showed that only compounds able to activate CB2 r...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sagredo O,González S,Aroyo I,Pazos MR,Benito C,Lastres-Becker I,Romero JP,Tolón RM,Mechoulam R,Brouillet E,Romero J,Fernández-Ruiz J

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The myelin basic protein gene (Mbp) encodes for the major myelin structural proteins and it is included in the Golli-Mbp gene complex. Previously, we observed MBP-like proteins in the human central nervous system (CNS) at developmental stages preceding myelination. In an effort to distinguish between Golli (HOG5 and H...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tosic M,Rakic S,Matthieu J-,Zecevic N

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared the effects of platelet-derived (PDGF) and basic fibroblast (bFGF) growth factors on the shape, migration, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, the precursors of myelin-forming cells in the CNS. In the presence of bFGF, oligodendrocyte progenitors purified from rat neonatal brain c...

journal_title：Glia

authors： McKinnon RD,Smith C,Behar T,Smith T,Dubois-Dalcq M

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syndecan-1, -2, -3, and -4 are heparan sulfate proteoglycans that are differentially expressed during development and wound repair. To determine whether syndecans are also involved in brain injury, we examined the expression of syndecan core proteins genes in cryo-injured mouse brain, using in situ hybridization. All ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Iseki K,Hagino S,Mori T,Zhang Y,Yokoya S,Takaki H,Tase C,Murakawa M,Wanaka A

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the vertebrate brain, much remains to be understood concerning the origin of glial cell diversity and the potential lineage relationships between the various types of glia. Besides astrocytes and myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, other macroglial cell populations are found in discrete areas of the central nervous sy...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Virard I,Coquillat D,Bancila M,Kaing S,Durbec P

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dorsal root entry zone is a PNS-CNS junction between Schwann cells and astrocytes, defining the site where dorsal root ganglia (DRG) axons enter the adult mammalian spinal cord. Following dorsal root injury (rhizotomy), DRG axons regenerate within the PNS environment of the root but stop at the DREZ and fail to re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Golding JP,Bird C,McMahon S,Cohen J

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the function of astrocytes in the adult brain, we have targeted the expression of E. coli nitroreductase (NTR) to the astrocytes of transgenic mice under the control of the GFAP promoter. The astrocytes expressing NTR were selectively ablated after administration of the prodrug CB1954, resulting in motor disc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Cui W,Allen ND,Skynner M,Gusterson B,Clark AJ

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gap junctions are regarded as the primary pathway underlying propagation of Ca2+ waves between astrocytes, although signaling through extracellular space may also contribute. Results obtained from astrocytes cultured from sibling Cx43 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice in six litters showed that Ca2+ waves propagat...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Scemes E,Dermietzel R,Spray DC

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:17beta-estradiol (betaE(2)) is an effective neuroprotectant against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced retinal neuronal cell death and light-induced photoreceptor degeneration. Müller cells are the principal macroglia responsible for supporting retinal neuronal survival, information processing and removing metabolic...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Li C,Tang Y,Li F,Turner S,Li K,Zhou X,Centola M,Yan X,Cao W

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electron donors glutathione and thioredoxin play many vital roles in the mechanisms of cells to cope with oxidative stress. Critical to such antioxidant functions are the ability to synthesize glutathione and keep it reduced via glutathione reductase and the ability to reduce oxidized-thioredoxin via thioredoxin r...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Eftekharpour E,Holmgren A,Juurlink BH

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gliogenesis in the mammalian CNS continues after birth, with astrocytes being generated well into the first two postnatal weeks. In this study, we have isolated an A2B5(+) astrocyte precursor (APC) from the postnatal rat forebrain, which is capable of differentiating into mature astrocytes in serum-free medium without...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lin G,Goldman JE

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglial activation has been reported to promote neurotoxicity and also neuroprotective effects. A possible contributor to this dichotomy of responses may be the degree to which proximal neurons are injured. The aim of this study was to determine whether varying the severity of neuronal injury influenced whether mic...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lai AY,Todd KG

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous in vitro studies using cell cultures or brain slices have demonstrated that phospholipase D (PLD) in the nervous system is involved in the signaling mechanism in response to a variety of agonists. However, little is known about the pathophysiological role of PLD-mediated signaling in the adult brain. We exami...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lee MY,Kim SY,Min DS,Choi YS,Shin SL,Chun MH,Lee SB,Kim MS,Jo YH

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type of the central nervous system and cover a broad range of functionalities. We report here the generation of a novel monoclonal antibody, anti-astrocyte cell surface antigen-2 (Anti-ACSA-2). Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry revealed that Anti-ACSA-2 ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kantzer CG,Boutin C,Herzig ID,Wittwer C,Reiß S,Tiveron MC,Drewes J,Rockel TD,Ohlig S,Ninkovic J,Cremer H,Pennartz S,Jungblut M,Bosio A

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The predominant glial cells of the drone retina (outer pigment cells) respond to an increase in extracellular [K+] (Ko) by a net uptake of K+; thus, they contribute to bringing Ko back toward its baseline value. The authors report herein that there is also a different mechanism by which light stimulation of the retina...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Coles JA,Schneider-Picard G

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study describes a method to inhibit selectively the microglial cell proliferation following peripheral nerve injury. Continuous infusion of cytosine-arabinoside (ARA-C) from an osmotic minipump to the fourth ventricle or cisterna magna completely blocks the proliferation of microglial cells that normally o...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Svensson M,Aldskogius H

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serum is used widely for culturing neurons and glial cells, and is thought to provide essential, albeit undefined, factors such as hormones, growth factors, and trace elements that promote the growth of cells in vitro. Moreover, serum can have profound effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell morpholog...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ye ZC,Sontheimer H

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells of the adaptive and innate immune systems in the brain parenchyma and in the meningeal spaces contribute to physiologic functions and disease states in the central nervous system (CNS). Animal studies have demonstrated the involvement of immune constituents, along with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) mole...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Healy LM,Yaqubi M,Ludwin S,Antel JP

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling through fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) is essential for many cellular processes including proliferation and migration, as well as differentiation events such as myelination. Anosmin-1 is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that interacts with the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1)...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Murcia-Belmonte V,Medina-Rodríguez EM,Bribián A,de Castro F,Esteban PF

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Free glycine is known to have vital functions in the mammalian brain, where it serves mainly as both neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Despite its importance, little is known about the metabolic pathways of glycine synthesis and degradation in the central nervous system. In this study, the pathway of glycine metabo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Verleysdonk S,Martin H,Willker W,Leibfritz D,Hamprecht B

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glial cells that ensheath olfactory axons are referred to as ensheathing cells. In vivo, these non-myelinating glial cells express a mixture of astrocyte-specific and Schwann cell-specific phenotypic features with the former cellular phenotype predominating, but in vitro can assemble a myelin sheath when co-cultur...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Doucette R,Devon R

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the inward K+ currents of Müller glial cells from healthy and pathologically changed human retinas. To this purpose, the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique was performed on noncultured Müller cells acutely isolated from human retinas. Cells originated from retinas of four healthy organ donors and of 24 pat...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Francke M,Pannicke T,Biedermann B,Faude F,Wiedemann P,Reichenbach A,Reichelt W

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia transform from homeostatic to disease-associated-microglia (DAM) profiles in neurodegeneration. Within DAM, we recently identified distinct pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory sub-profiles although transcriptional regulators of homeostatic and distinct DAM profiles remain unclear. Informed by these studie...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gao T,Jernigan J,Raza SA,Dammer EB,Xiao H,Seyfried NT,Levey AI,Rangaraju S

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain microvasculature requires a coordinated interaction between endothelial cells and astrocytes at the gliovascular interface. However, the role of the factors involved in that interaction and expressed by these cells is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that Meteorin is highly expressed in astrocyte...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Park JA,Lee HS,Ko KJ,Park SY,Kim JH,Choe G,Kweon HS,Song HS,Ahn JC,Yu YS,Kim KW

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity is abundant in microglia, but the PTKs that participate in their activation have not been identified. For these studies, we used three paradigms to characterize PTK expression during microglial activation: resting and activated microglia were bulk fractionated from the adult brai...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Krady JK,Basu A,Levison SW,Milner RJ

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:These studies have enabled the first characterization of the properties of ion channels in adult oligodendrocytes. Cell-attached recordings from cultured adult bovine cells showed channel activity with 140 mM KCl in the patch pipette; the amplitude of the currents was increased with increasing membrane hyperpolarizati...

journal_title：Glia

authors： McLarnon JG,Kim SU

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary tumor, causing thousands of deaths worldwide every year. The mean survival of patients with GBM remains below 20 months despite current available therapies. GBM cells' interactions with their stromal counterparts are crucial for tumor development. Astrocytes are glial cells ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Brandao M,Simon T,Critchley G,Giamas G

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The removal by phagocytosis of degenerated myelin is central for repair in Wallerian degeneration that follows traumatic injury to axons and in autoimmune demyelinating diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis). We tested for roles played by the cAMP cascade in the regulation of myelin phagocytosis mediated by complement re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Makranz C,Cohen G,Reichert F,Kodama T,Rotshenker S

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00