Oligodendrocyte precursor cells generate pituicytes in vivo during neurohypophysis development.

abstract：:The relationship between radial glia and neurons migrating tangentially from the ganglionic eminence (GE) has been suggested but not firmly established. To study this relationship we used a ferret model of cortical dysplasia where radial glia are highly disorganized. To produce this, an antimitotic, methylazoxy methan...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Poluch S,Juliano SL

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Remyelination is in the center of new therapies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis to resolve and improve disease symptoms and protect axons from further damage. Although remyelination is considered beneficial in the long term, it is not known, whether this is also the case early in lesion formation. Additionally...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schultz V,van der Meer F,Wrzos C,Scheidt U,Bahn E,Stadelmann C,Brück W,Junker A

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type of the central nervous system and cover a broad range of functionalities. We report here the generation of a novel monoclonal antibody, anti-astrocyte cell surface antigen-2 (Anti-ACSA-2). Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry revealed that Anti-ACSA-2 ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kantzer CG,Boutin C,Herzig ID,Wittwer C,Reiß S,Tiveron MC,Drewes J,Rockel TD,Ohlig S,Ninkovic J,Cremer H,Pennartz S,Jungblut M,Bosio A

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in the physiological and pathophysiological functions of the brain. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling, especially Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is considered to be crucial for the regulation of astrocytic functions. Mice with genetic ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Okubo Y,Kanemaru K,Suzuki J,Kobayashi K,Hirose K,Iino M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the last few years, the expression of voltage-dependent, TTX-sensitive Na+ channels has been demonstrated in several types of neuroglial cells such as astrocytes and Schwann cells. Recently, we reported the occurrence of such Na+ currents in retinal Müller (glial) cells from dog and cat. This paper deals with t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chao TI,Skachkov SN,Eberhardt W,Reichenbach A

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syndecan-1, -2, -3, and -4 are heparan sulfate proteoglycans that are differentially expressed during development and wound repair. To determine whether syndecans are also involved in brain injury, we examined the expression of syndecan core proteins genes in cryo-injured mouse brain, using in situ hybridization. All ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Iseki K,Hagino S,Mori T,Zhang Y,Yokoya S,Takaki H,Tase C,Murakawa M,Wanaka A

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence of events by which new oligodendrocytes are generated in the adult mammalian central nervous system has not been clearly defined. Here we review old evidence that remyelinating cells can arise from the division of mature oligodendrocytes. In addition, we report the results of a tissue culture study compar...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Wood PM,Bunge RP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are classically considered to be immune cells in the brain, but have now been proven to be involved in neuronal activity as well. Here we stereologically analyzed the spatial arrangement of microglia in the mouse hippocampus. First, we estimated the numerical densities (NDs) of microglia identified by ionize...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jinno S,Fleischer F,Eckel S,Schmidt V,Kosaka T

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) represents a family of related peptides originally isolated from cardiac atria that have potent natriuretic, diuretic, and vasorelaxant properties. ANP has previously been localized in neurons of the rat brain in regions subserving cardiovascular functions and fluid/electrolyte balance...

journal_title：Glia

authors： McKenzie JC,Berman NE,Thomas CR,Young JK,Compton LY,Cothran LN,Liu WL,Klein RM

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gliomas are a heterogenous group of malignant primary brain tumors that arise from glia cells or their progenitors and rely on accurate diagnosis for prognosis and treatment strategies. Although recent developments in the molecular biology of glioma have improved diagnosis, classical histological methods and biomarker...

journal_title：Glia

authors： van Bodegraven EJ,van Asperen JV,Robe PAJ,Hol EM

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Th17 cells and interleukin-17 (IL-17) have been found to play an important role in the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Response to IL-17, reactive astrocytes accompany with immune cells infiltration and axonal damage in MS/EAE. However, the ro...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Liu X,Zhou F,Yang Y,Wang W,Niu L,Zuo D,Li X,Hua H,Zhang B,Kou Y,Guo J,Kong F,Pan W,Gao D,Meves JM,Sun H,Xue M,Zhang Q,Wang Y,Tang R

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:alpha-Syntrophin, a member of the dystrophin-associated protein complex, is required for proper localization of the water channel aquaporin-4 at the blood-brain barrier. Mice lacking alpha-syntrophin have reduced levels of aquaporin-4 in perivascular astroglial endfeet. Consequently, they exhibit reduced edema and inf...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bragg AD,Amiry-Moghaddam M,Ottersen OP,Adams ME,Froehner SC

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transient global ischemia induces CA1 hippocampal neuronal death without astrocyte death, perhaps mediated in part by the toxic translocation of zinc from presynaptic terminals to postsynaptic neurons. We tested the hypothesis that cellular depolarization, which occurs in the ischemic brain due to increased extracellu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sheline CT,Takata T,Ying H,Canzoniero LM,Yang A,Yu SP,Choi DW

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gamma-secretase is an aspartyl protease composed of four proteins: presenilin (PS), nicastrin (Nct), APH1, and PEN2. These proteins assemble into a membrane complex that cleaves a variety of substrates within the transmembrane domain. The gamma-secretase cleavage products play an important role in various biological p...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nadler Y,Alexandrovich A,Grigoriadis N,Hartmann T,Rao KS,Shohami E,Stein R

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes can experience large intracellular Na+ changes following the activation of the Na+-coupled glutamate transport. The present study investigated whether cytosolic Na+ changes are transmitted to mitochondria, which could therefore influence their function and contribute to the overall intracellular Na+ regulat...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bernardinelli Y,Azarias G,Chatton JY

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manganese in excess is neurotoxic and causes CNS injury resembling that of Parkinson's disease. In brain, astrocytes predominantly take up and accumulate manganese and are thus vulnerable to its toxicity. Manganese was shown to induce cell swelling in cultured astrocytes, and oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS) mediate...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rao KV,Jayakumar AR,Reddy PV,Tong X,Curtis KM,Norenberg MD

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Historically, the human brain has been conceptually segregated from the periphery and further dichotomized into gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) based on the whitish appearance of the exceptionally high lipid content of the myelin sheaths encasing neuronal axons. These simplistic dichotomies were unfortunately e...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Haroutunian V,Katsel P,Roussos P,Davis KL,Altshuler LL,Bartzokis G

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is considered to be a major factor in protection of nervous tissue against excitotoxic and ischemic/hypoxic lesion. Controversial reports about the localization of SOD after such an insult prompted us to re-investigate immunocytochemically the localization of the enzyme in the brain and spin...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lindenau J,Noack H,Possel H,Asayama K,Wolf G

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The receptors for the complement anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a are expressed by glial cells and neurons in normal and inflamed brain. Previous studies demonstrated modest elevations in mRNA expression of these receptors in a model of focal cerebral ischemia. Using a similar model system for both mice and rats, we report ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Barnum SR,Ames RS,Maycox PR,Hadingham SJ,Meakin J,Harrison D,Parsons AA

更新日期：2002-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The prospects of achieving regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) have changed, as most recent findings indicate that several species, including humans, can produce neurons in adulthood. Studies targeting this property may be considered as potential therapeutic strategies to respond to injury or the effects ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gómez RM,Sánchez MY,Portela-Lomba M,Ghotme K,Barreto GE,Sierra J,Moreno-Flores MT

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis is altered, microglial cells become rapidly activated, proliferate and release a broad range of molecules. Among the plethora of molecules involved in the regulation of microglial activation, cytokines are considered crucial. Although production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) h...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Recasens M,Shrivastava K,Almolda B,González B,Castellano B

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human brain macrophages (microglia) have been isolated from mixed brain cell cultures initiated from explants of neurosurgical adult human tissue in one step according to a method developed for rat microglia. Cells were characterized enzyme-histochemically (NDPase) in mixed and immunocytochemically (anti-CD 14) in mix...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nörenberg W,Illes P,Gebicke-Haerter PJ

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the mature central nervous system (CNS) regulated secretion of ATP from astrocytes is thought to play a significant role in cell signaling. Whether such a mechanism is also operative in the developing nervous system and, if so, during which stage of development, has not been investigated. We have tackled this quest...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Striedinger K,Meda P,Scemes E

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Enriched preparations of oligodendrocytes, isolated either from adult bovine brain or from 30-day-old rat brain, eventually yield cultures in MEM-15% calf serum that contain, in addition to oligodendrocytes, proliferating astrocytes and variable numbers of fibroblast-like cells. If these cultures are switched to a ser...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Norton WT,Farooq M,Chiu FC,Bottenstein JE

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the course of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, new cells go through a series of stages associated with proliferative activity. The most highly proliferative cell type is an intermediate precursor cell, called type-2 cell. We here report that on the level of type-2 cells a transition takes place between features asso...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Steiner B,Klempin F,Wang L,Kott M,Kettenmann H,Kempermann G

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether insulin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways protect retinal neurons against excitotoxicity and regulate the proliferation of Müller glia. We found that intraocular injections of insulin or FGF2 had variable effects u...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fischer AJ,Scott MA,Ritchey ER,Sherwood P

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence supports an essential role for interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the development, differentiation, as well as de- and re-generation of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Both IL-6 and its specific receptor (IL-6R) are expressed on neurons and glial cells including astrocytes. In this study, we have...

journal_title：Glia

authors： März P,Heese K,Dimitriades-Schmutz B,Rose-John S,Otten U

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excessive extracellular glutamate leads to neuronal death in central nervous system. Excitatory glutamate transporter subtype 2 (GLT-1) carries bulk of glutamate reuptake in cerebral ischemia. Although GLT-1 expression fluctuates during the period of ischemia, little is known about its regulatory mechanism. Here we sh...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ji YF,Zhou L,Xie YJ,Xu SM,Zhu J,Teng P,Shao CY,Wang Y,Luo JH,Shen Y

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endocannabinoid system exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by regulating cytokine production. Anandamide (AEA) down-regulates proinflammatory cytokines in a viral model of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, little is known about the mechanisms by which AEA exerts these effects. Microglial cells are the main sourc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Correa F,Hernangómez M,Mestre L,Loría F,Spagnolo A,Docagne F,Di Marzo V,Guaza C

更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperpolarization-activated currents were recorded from rat brain cortical and spinal cord astrocytes maintained in culture. Spinal cord astrocytes expressed primarily an inward rectifier potassium current characterized by time-dependent inactivation, a strong dependence on extracellular Na+ and insensitivity to intra...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Guatteo E,Stanness KA,Janigro D

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00