Infusion of cytosine-arabinoside into the cerebrospinal fluid of the rat brain inhibits the microglial cell proliferation after hypoglossal nerve injury.

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prion disease are characterized neuropathologically by extracellular deposits of Abeta and PrP amyloid fibrils, respectively. In both disorders, these cerebral amyloid deposits are co-localized with a broad variety of inflammation-related proteins (complement factors, acute-phase protein, ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Eikelenboom P,Bate C,Van Gool WA,Hoozemans JJ,Rozemuller JM,Veerhuis R,Williams A

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible consequences of activating bradykinin (Bk) receptors on identified astrocyte subtypes derived from rat cortex have been investigated in terms of: 1) mobilization of intracellular Ca2+; and 2) electrophysiological response. Bk induced a rapid, transient rise in intracellular Ca2+ in 63% of cortical type-1-...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Stephens GJ,Cholewinski AJ,Wilkin GP,Djamgoz MB

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling through fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) is essential for many cellular processes including proliferation and migration, as well as differentiation events such as myelination. Anosmin-1 is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that interacts with the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1)...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Murcia-Belmonte V,Medina-Rodríguez EM,Bribián A,de Castro F,Esteban PF

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schwann cells develop from neural crest cells in an ordered series of events and give rise to myelinating and nonmyelinating subtypes. In their mature state, myelinating Schwann cells produce myelin sheaths that provide trophic support to axons and allow saltatory conduction in the vertebrate peripheral nervous system...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fröb F,Wegner M

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is now generally accepted that massive neuronal death due to oxidative stress is a regular feature of brains in neurodegenerative diseases. However, much less attention has been given to the death of glial cells. In this study, we examined p53-sensitive apoptosis of cells by using human glioblastoma A172 cells and ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kitamura Y,Ota T,Matsuoka Y,Tooyama I,Kimura H,Shimohama S,Nomura Y,Gebicke-Haerter PJ,Taniguchi T

更新日期：1999-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A widely quoted hypothesis for the failure of remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) is the exhaustion of the oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) pool that is strongly implicated as the source of remyelinating oligodendrocytes in demyelinating lesions. Despite this, little is known about the responses of adult OPC...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chari DM,Blakemore WF

更新日期：2002-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decade, microRNAs have been increasingly recognized as key modulators of glial development. Recently, we identified miR-125a-3p as a new player in oligodendrocyte physiology, regulating in vitro differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Here, we show that miR-125a-3p is upregulated in acti...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Marangon D,Boda E,Parolisi R,Negri C,Giorgi C,Montarolo F,Perga S,Bertolotto A,Buffo A,Abbracchio MP,Lecca D

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes releasing glucose- and/or glycogen-derived lactate and glutamine play a crucial role in shaping neuronal function and plasticity. Little is known, however, how metabolic functions of astrocytes, e.g., their ability to degrade glucosyl units, are affected by the presence of neurons. To address this issue we ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mamczur P,Borsuk B,Paszko J,Sas Z,Mozrzymas J,Wiśniewski JR,Gizak A,Rakus D

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and play important roles under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Activation of microglia has been reported for a variety of CNS diseases and is believed to be involved in inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration. Loss of TGFβ1 results in ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Spittau B,Wullkopf L,Zhou X,Rilka J,Pfeifer D,Krieglstein K

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a microdeletion disorder with cognitive phenotype. NSUN5 gene, which encodes a cytosine-5 RNA methyltransferase, is located in WBS deletion locus. To investigate the influence of NSUN5 deletion on cognitive behaviors, we produced single-gene Nsun5 knockout (Nsun5-KO) mice. Here, we re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zhang T,Chen P,Li W,Sha S,Wang Y,Yuan Z,Shen B,Chen L

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the brain, glycogen metabolism has been implied in synaptic plasticity and learning, yet the distribution of this molecule has not been fully described. We investigated cerebral glycogen of the mouse by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using two monoclonal antibodies that have different affinities depending on the glycog...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Oe Y,Baba O,Ashida H,Nakamura KC,Hirase H

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kainate (KA), quisqualate (QA), and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) stimulated gamma-aminobutyric acid [3H]gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from cultured cerebellar type 2 astrocytes and from their bipotential precursors. The evoked release was prevented by the antagonist 6-cyano-...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gallo V,Patrizio M,Levi G

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forkhead transcription factor 3 (Foxp3) is critical for generating CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells. However, its role in microglia has not been identified. Here, we show that Foxp3 is expressed in microglia and is upregulated upon activation. In Foxp3 mutant mice (Foxp3(sf)), microglia release higher levels of inflam...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chung HS,Lee JH,Kim H,Lee HJ,Kim SH,Kwon HK,Im SH,Bae H

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manganese in excess is neurotoxic and causes CNS injury resembling that of Parkinson's disease. In brain, astrocytes predominantly take up and accumulate manganese and are thus vulnerable to its toxicity. Manganese was shown to induce cell swelling in cultured astrocytes, and oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS) mediate...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rao KV,Jayakumar AR,Reddy PV,Tong X,Curtis KM,Norenberg MD

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews how the uptake of neurotransmitter by glial amino acid transporters limits the spatial spread of transmitter to preserve the independent operation of nearby synapses, temporally shapes postsynaptic currents, and regulates the effects of tonic transmitter release. We demonstrate the importance of a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Marcaggi P,Attwell D

更新日期：2004-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:17beta-estradiol (betaE(2)) is an effective neuroprotectant against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced retinal neuronal cell death and light-induced photoreceptor degeneration. Müller cells are the principal macroglia responsible for supporting retinal neuronal survival, information processing and removing metabolic...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Li C,Tang Y,Li F,Turner S,Li K,Zhou X,Centola M,Yan X,Cao W

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injury to the mammalian spinal cord is accompanied by a delayed, secondary wave of oligodendrocyte apoptosis that arises several days after the initial injury. A strong candidate to support oligodendrocyte survival after spinal cord injury is the pleiotropic cytokine, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). In vitro, LIF po...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kerr BJ,Patterson PH

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe transient focal cerebral ischemia causes brain infarction with a strong glial reaction. We have studied whether postischemic reactive glial cells express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. We have also looked for signs of proliferating activity, as EGF...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Planas AM,Justicia C,Soriano MA,Ferrer I

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research has focused on soluble oligomeric assemblies of beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) as the proximate cause of neuroinflammation, synaptic loss, and the eventual dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, tripchlorolide (T4), an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F (TWHF), was stud...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Pan XD,Chen XC,Zhu YG,Chen LM,Zhang J,Huang TW,Ye QY,Huang HP

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We first classified 12 malignant glioma cell lines into three different groups (types 1-3) with respect to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and analyzed each group based on the different expression status of the class II transactivator (CIITA) gene. Glioma type 1 (2 of 12) showed constitutive...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Takamura Y,Ikeda H,Kanaseki T,Toyota M,Tokino T,Imai K,Houkin K,Sato N

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gliomas are a heterogenous group of malignant primary brain tumors that arise from glia cells or their progenitors and rely on accurate diagnosis for prognosis and treatment strategies. Although recent developments in the molecular biology of glioma have improved diagnosis, classical histological methods and biomarker...

journal_title：Glia

authors： van Bodegraven EJ,van Asperen JV,Robe PAJ,Hol EM

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal activity leads to arteriole dilation and increased blood flow in retinal vessels. This response, termed functional hyperemia, is diminished in the retinas of diabetic patients, possibly contributing to the development of diabetic retinopathy. The mechanism responsible for this loss is unknown. Here we show th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mishra A,Newman EA

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytic lineage commitment and brain region-dependent specialization of glia are partly ascribed to epigenetic processes. Clearance of glutamate is an essential task, which astrocytes assume in a temporal-spatial fashion by distinct glutamate transporter expression. Glutamate transporter subtype 1 (GLT-1) is predom...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Perisic T,Holsboer F,Rein T,Zschocke J

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and its receptor TrkC are known to be important for neuronal survival. More recently, NT-3 has been implicated as playing a role in oligodendrocyte (OL) proliferation and survival in vitro. Examination of NT-3 and TrkC knockout mice revealed a reduction in NT-3-dependent neurons. To date, no stud...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kahn MA,Kumar S,Liebl D,Chang R,Parada LF,De Vellis J

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroadapted Sindbis Virus (NSV) is a neuronotropic virus that causes hindlimb paralysis in susceptible mice and rats. The authors and others have demonstrated that though death of infected motor neurons occurs, bystander death of uninfected neurons also occurs and both contribute to the paralysis that ensues followin...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Carmen J,Gowing G,Julien JP,Kerr D

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gliogenesis in the mammalian CNS continues after birth, with astrocytes being generated well into the first two postnatal weeks. In this study, we have isolated an A2B5(+) astrocyte precursor (APC) from the postnatal rat forebrain, which is capable of differentiating into mature astrocytes in serum-free medium without...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lin G,Goldman JE

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitogenic role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its involvement in basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced proliferation were examined in primary cultures of cerebellar astrocytes. Exposure to bFGF resulted in a rapid increase of extracellular S1P formation, bFGF inducing astrocytes to release S1P, but n...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bassi R,Anelli V,Giussani P,Tettamanti G,Viani P,Riboni L

更新日期：2006-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have attempted to reconstruct in vitro the events that may occur in vivo during reperfusion injury after ischemia in the central nervous system. The phenomenon is induced by previous exposure to low calcium solutions ("calcium paradox") before the reperfusion episode. Intracellular calcium alterations during reperf...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kim-Lee MH,Stokes BT,Yates AJ

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a ubiquitous nuclear enzyme involved in genomic stability. Excessive oxidative DNA strand breaks lead to PARP-1-induced depletion of cellular NAD(+), glycolytic rate, ATP levels, and eventual cell death. Glutamate neurotransmission is tightly controlled by ATP-dependent astroc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tang KS,Suh SW,Alano CC,Shao Z,Hunt WT,Swanson RA,Anderson CM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uptake of radiolabelled L-arginine was studied in four different kinds of glial cultures, in astroglia-rich primary cultures derived from neonatal rat and mouse brains, in pure murine astrocyte cultures, and in rat glioma cells C6-BU-1. A saturable component of uptake was found in all cases with KM values between 15 a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schmidlin A,Wiesinger H

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00