Selectively increased expression of the astrocytic/endothelial glucose transporter protein GLUT1 in acute liver failure.

abstract：:The neuronal doctrine, developed a century ago regards neuronal networks as the sole substrate of higher brain function. Recent advances in glial physiology have promoted an alternative hypothesis, which places information processing in the brain into integrated neuronal-glial networks utilizing both binary (neuronal ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nedergaard M,Verkhratsky A

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic zinc ions released during synaptic transmission interact with pre- and postsynaptic neuroreceptors, thus modulating neurotransmission. It is likely that they have to be efficiently cleared from the extracellular milieu to assure subsequent synaptic events. Both neurons and glia are assumed to participate in t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Varea E,Alonso-Llosà G,Molowny A,Lopez-Garcia C,Ponsoda X

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelination in corpus callosum plays important role for normal brain functions by transferring neurological information between various brain regions. However, the factors controlling expression of myelin genes in myelination are poorly understood. Here, CXXC5, a recently identified protein with CXXC-type zinc finger ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kim MY,Kim HY,Hong J,Kim D,Lee H,Cheong E,Lee Y,Roth J,Kim DG,Min do S,Choi KY

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoglycemia is a common and serious problem among diabetic patients receiving treatment with insulin or other glucose-lowering drugs. Moderate hypoglycemia impairs neurological function, and severe hypoglycemia leads to death of selectively vulnerable neurons. Recent advances have shed new light on the underlying pro...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Suh SW,Hamby AM,Swanson RA

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular matrix molecules are involved in the cellular functions of proliferation, migration, morphological differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. One candidate molecule of the extracellular matrix is the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan neurocan. To determine whether neurocan expression is regulated by neuron...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schwarzacher SW,Vuksic M,Haas CA,Burbach GJ,Sloviter RS,Deller T

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stellate ganglion neurons, important mediators of cardiopulmonary neurotransmission, are surrounded by satellite glial cells (SGCs), which are essential for the function, maintenance, and development of neurons. However, it remains unknown whether SGCs in adult sympathetic ganglia exhibit any functional diversity, and...

journal_title：Glia

authors： van Weperen VYH,Littman RJ,Arneson DV,Contreras J,Yang X,Ajijola OA

更新日期：2021-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:After the initial mechanical insult of spinal cord injury (SCI), secondary mediators propagate a massive loss of oligodendrocytes. We previously showed that following SCI both the total phospholipase activity and cytosolic PLA(2)-IV alpha protein expression increased. However, the expression of secreted isoforms of PL...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Titsworth WL,Cheng X,Ke Y,Deng L,Burckardt KA,Pendleton C,Liu NK,Shao H,Cao QL,Xu XM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a unique type of macroglia required for normal olfactory axonal regeneration throughout the lifetime of an individual. Recent evidence in the literature suggests that OECs transplanted into injured spinal cords may facilitate axonal regeneration. In this study, we evaluated the n...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Boruch AV,Conners JJ,Pipitone M,Deadwyler G,Storer PD,Devries GH,Jones KJ

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NG2 cells (polydendrocytes) are the fourth major non-neuronal cell type in the central nervous system parenchyma. They exhibit diverse properties, ranging from their well-established role as oligodendrocyte precursors to their ability to respond to neurotransmitters released by synaptic and non-synaptic mechanisms. Th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hill RA,Nishiyama A

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syndecan-1, -2, -3, and -4 are heparan sulfate proteoglycans that are differentially expressed during development and wound repair. To determine whether syndecans are also involved in brain injury, we examined the expression of syndecan core proteins genes in cryo-injured mouse brain, using in situ hybridization. All ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Iseki K,Hagino S,Mori T,Zhang Y,Yokoya S,Takaki H,Tase C,Murakawa M,Wanaka A

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons from embryonic (E18) rat hippocampus were chosen to identify and characterize neurite growth-stimulating proteins accumulating in serum-free conditioned media (CM) obtained from primary or secondary cultures of cerebral astrocytes (less than 5% nonglial cells) using a quantitative cell culture bioassay. CM wer...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Matthiessen HP,Schmalenbach C,Müller HW

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radial glial cells play an essential role through their function as guides for neuronal migration during development. Disruption of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) function retards the growth of radial glial processes in vitro. Neuregulins (NRG) are activated by proteolytic cleavage and regulate (radial) gl...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Louhivuori LM,Turunen PM,Louhivuori V,Yellapragada V,Nordström T,Uhlén P,Åkerman KE

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synemin, a very unique type VI intermediate filament (IF) protein, exhibits alternative splice variants termed alpha and beta. Unlike other IF proteins, synemin binds to actin-associated proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and alpha-dystrobrevin. Our previous work has demonstrated the presence of synemin in d...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jing R,Pizzolato G,Robson RM,Gabbiani G,Skalli O

更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 bind to the common receptor CXCR3 and are implicated in the pathogenesis of T-cell-mediated immunity in the central nervous system (CNS). Here we examined the temporal and spatial regulation of the Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 genes in the CNS of mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Carter SL,Müller M,Manders PM,Campbell IL

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plaque deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known to decrease proliferation in neurogenic niches in AD mouse models, but the effects on cell proliferation and differentiation in other brain areas have not been studied in detail. We analyzed cell proliferation in the cortex of wild type (WT) and APPswePS1dE9 trans...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kamphuis W,Orre M,Kooijman L,Dahmen M,Hol EM

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Persistence of radial glia within the adult central nervous system is a widespread phenomenon among fish. Based on a series of studies in the teleost species Apteronotus leptorhynchus, we propose that one function of this persistence is the involvement of radial glia in adult neurogenesis, i.e., the generation and fur...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zupanc GK,Clint SC

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cell-mediated potassium and glutamate homeostases play important roles in the regulation of neuronal excitability. Diminished potassium and glutamate buffering capabilities of astrocytes result in hyperexcitability of neurons and abnormal synaptic transmission. The role of the different K+ channels in maintainin...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kucheryavykh YV,Kucheryavykh LY,Nichols CG,Maldonado HM,Baksi K,Reichenbach A,Skatchkov SN,Eaton MJ

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews how the uptake of neurotransmitter by glial amino acid transporters limits the spatial spread of transmitter to preserve the independent operation of nearby synapses, temporally shapes postsynaptic currents, and regulates the effects of tonic transmitter release. We demonstrate the importance of a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Marcaggi P,Attwell D

更新日期：2004-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) play a critical role in immune-mediated demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), by regulating the viability of oligodendrocytes. Our previous studies show th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Stone S,Wu S,Jamison S,Durose W,Pallais JP,Lin W

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that neonatal rat oligodendrocytes (OLGs) express and secrete neuregulins (NRGs) (Raabe et al., 1997). This laboratory has also shown that NRGs stimulate the differentiation of neonatal rat OLGs and that these cells express the erbB receptors for NRGs (Raabe et al., 1997). In this study, we...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Deadwyler GD,Pouly S,Antel JP,Devries GH

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII) acts as a potent mitogen for several tumor types and has been reported to positively influence astrocytoma cell growth and motility. In the central nervous system, IGFII bioavailability is mainly modulated by insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), which sequestrate...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rorive S,Berton A,D'haene N,Takacs CN,Debeir O,Decaestecker C,Salmon I

更新日期：2008-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a Ca2+ binding peptide expressed predominantly by activated monocytes. In order to investigate the role of AIF-1 in autoimmune lesions of the rat nervous system, we have used a synthetic gene to express AIF-1 in E. coli and have produced monoclonal antibodies against AIF-1. A...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schluesener HJ,Seid K,Kretzschmar J,Meyermann R

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enteric glial cells were first described at the end of the 19th century, but they attracted more interest from researchers only in the last decades of the 20th. Although, they have a different embryological origin, the enteric GLIA share many characteristics with astrocytes, the main glial cell type of the central ner...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Coelho-Aguiar Jde M,Bon-Frauches AC,Gomes AL,Veríssimo CP,Aguiar DP,Matias D,Thomasi BB,Gomes AS,Brito GA,Moura-Neto V

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells make myelin, a specialized sheath that is essential for rapid axonal conduction of action potentials. Immature Schwann cells initially interact with many axons, but, through a process termed radial sorting, eventually interact with one segment of a single axon as promyel...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Raphael AR,Lyons DA,Talbot WS

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory changes have been found in Parkinson's disease, in humans intoxicated with the parkinsonian toxin MPTP, and in animal models of the disease. However, it is still not known whether inflammatory changes are responsible for active nerve cell death or if they have a protective role against neurodegeneration. ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Barcia C,Sánchez Bahillo A,Fernández-Villalba E,Bautista V,Poza Y Poza M,Fernández-Barreiro A,Hirsch EC,Herrero MT

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Painful neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes, one hallmark of which is tactile allodynia (pain hypersensitivity to innocuous stimulation). The underlying mechanisms of tactile allodynia are, however, poorly understood. Emerging evidence indicates that, following nerve injury, activated microg...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tsuda M,Ueno H,Kataoka A,Tozaki-Saitoh H,Inoue K

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) are devastating brain tumors containing a fraction of multipotent stem-like cells which are highly tumorigenic. These cells are resistant to treatments and are likely to be responsible for tumor recurrence. One approach to eliminate GBM stem-like cells would be to force their terminal diff...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Guichet PO,Bieche I,Teigell M,Serguera C,Rothhut B,Rigau V,Scamps F,Ripoll C,Vacher S,Taviaux S,Chevassus H,Duffau H,Mallet J,Susini A,Joubert D,Bauchet L,Hugnot JP

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells execute essential functions in central nervous system (CNS) development and are also believed to play important roles during gliosis in response to trauma or disease. These developmental and pathological states have also been associated with elevated expression of opioid genes. Because levels of the cytoki...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Negro A,Tavella A,Facci L,Callegaro L,Skaper SD

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CNS glia exhibit a variety of gap junctional interactions: between neighboring astrocytes, between neighboring oligodendrocytes, between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and as 'reflexive' structures between layers of myelin in oligodendrocytes. Together, these junctions are thought to form a network facilitating abso...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Magnotti LM,Goodenough DA,Paul DL

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of axons is a major contributor to nonremitting deficits in the inflammatory demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). Based on biophysical studies showing that activity of axonal sodium channels can trigger axonal degeneration, recent studies have tested sodium channel-blocking drugs in experimental autoimm...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Craner MJ,Damarjian TG,Liu S,Hains BC,Lo AC,Black JA,Newcombe J,Cuzner ML,Waxman SG

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00