Abstract:
:We evaluated subclinical mental and motor slowing in 142 HIV-seropositive patients without dementia, using computerized simple and choice reaction time tasks and self-report measures of psychological distress. Patients on antiretroviral therapy at the time of testing (n = 79) had significantly faster choice reaction times (p < 0.05), indicating faster mental processing speed, than untreated patients (n = 63). These faster RTs could not be attributed to differences in age, education, risk factors, degree of immunosuppression, substance abuse history, peripheral neuropathy, or psychological distress. Reaction time tasks should be investigated further as potential outcome measures in clinical trials, particularly for subjects with few or no overt cognitive deficits.
journal_name
J Clin Exp Neuropsycholjournal_title
Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychologyauthors
Martin EM,Pitrak DL,Novak RM,Pursell KJ,Mullane KMdoi
10.1076/jcen.21.5.730.867subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-10-01 00:00:00pages
730-5issue
5eissn
1380-3395issn
1744-411Xjournal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) is a popular measure of visuospatial and executive functioning. Clinical interpretations of RCFT performance are partly based on how an individual approaches the task with piecemeal organization often considered indicative of impairment. This is despite little previous re...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1075473
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Anomia is an impairment of naming: the retrieval of specific lexical items from the mental lexicon. Theoretically, whether anomia reflects a failure of selection at the preverbal "idea" level or at the subsequent linguistic formulation stage remains a topic of debate. We investigated the preverbal mechanis...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2018.1562050
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the area of abilities testing, one issue of continued dissent is whether abilities are best conceptualized as manifestations of a single underlying general factor or as reflecting the combination of multiple traits that may be dissociable. The fact that diverse cognitive tests tend to be positively correlated has b...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.645018
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated executive aspects of working memory in a severe closed-head injured (CHI) population. Thirty-four severe CHI participants (>1 year postinjury) and 34 controls completed an abstract design version of Petrides and Milner's (1982) self-ordered pointing task. CHI participants made more errors than ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.25.7.918.16484
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a relatively common, chronic progressive neurological illness affecting individuals primarily in the third and fourth decades of life. Autopsy studies indicate that the disease preferentially attacks white matter throughout the CNS, including the cerebral hemispheres. This article reviews th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638608405173
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocognitive assessment is frequently used as a basis for making determinations regarding a person's ability to work; yet, to our knowledge, a review of the association between neurocognition and employment status has not been conducted. For this review, we utilized meta-analysis to quantify objectively the associat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1076/jcen.25.8.1186.16723
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The research of Herbert Birch and colleagues, conducted 30 years ago in a rural area of Guatemala, called attention to the permanent noxious effects on cognitive development associated with conditions of poverty. Half of the world's population, including millions of persons in the United States, are still afflicted by...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01688639508405140
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depression and memory difficulties are among the most common complaints voiced by patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Nevertheless, little is known about how depression might affect patients' perceptions of their memory difficulties. The present investigation was designed to explore this issue. Results supported a ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.26.2.200.28081
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of two memory-impairing drugs, ethanol and triazolam, on proactive interference (PI) in memory were studied. Following ingestion of either one of these drugs or a placebo, subjects studied an A-B list (e.g., BEE-WASP) of paired associates, followed by an A-C list (e.g., BEE-HONEY) on the interference trial...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639708403755
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A current model proposes that memory consists of two functionally separate systems that have different neurological substrates. Declarative memory appears to be dependent on the diencephalic medial temporal lobe system whereas some speculate that the basal ganglia may be a neurological substrate for procedural memory....
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639008400978
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impulsivity is considered a core feature of problem gambling; however, self-reported impulsivity and inhibitory control may reflect disparate constructs. We examined self-reported impulsivity and inhibitory control in 39 treatment-seeking problem gamblers and 41 matched controls using a range of self-report questionna...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2013.873773
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated several constructs of executive functioning in a group of 77 patients with subcortical pathology. Specifically, we examined the validity of categorizing perseverative errors as "recurrent," "stuck-in-set," or "continuous," as proposed by Sandson and Albert (1984). A principal components analysi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390490919092
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in the responses of an elderly biracial group of cognitively normal subjects to a 15-item short version of the Boston Naming Test developed for the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) were examined. The subjects consisted of 103 Whites and 136 African Americans who were 70 ye...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639708403851
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior to anesthesia with propofol for gastrointestinal endoscopy, sets of pictures were presented to 20 children and adolescents (M age = 12 years). Word pairs (e.g., "hiking-woods") were presented via earphones after the children were anesthetized. Upon regaining consciousness, the children were tested for explicit m...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.21.4.535.888
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the Trail Making Test (TMT) in a sample of 767 participants with prodromal Huntington disease (prodromal HD) and 217 healthy comparisons to determine the contributions of motor, psychiatric, and cognitive changes to TMT scores. Eight traditional and derived TMT scores were also evaluated for their ability ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2010.541228
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Many studies have shown altered neuropsychological functioning of children with epilepsy even in the absence of intellectual disability, with notable concerns for both patients and their families. Although studies have described the cognitive profiles associated with specific epilepsy syndromes, there is i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1076380
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Monozygotic twin pair had febrile seizures, only one was treated with phenobarbital from 17-30 months of age. Standard intellectual and behavioral assessments were conducted during Treatment (30 months of age), and Post-Treatment (32, 41, 48, 66 months of age). Both twins showed normal global intelligence at all ass...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638708405059
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ultimate objective of the present investigation was to improve the detection of depression in multiple sclerosis (MS) by comparing common self-report depression measures to a new, modified measure, which takes into account the contribution that symptoms of MS may have on individuals' reports. There has been a long...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1063591
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A battery of psychoeducational tests was administered to samples of high-functioning (IQ > 70) autistic subjects and normal controls. A previous psychoeducational study indicated the presence of preserved procedural and mechanical academic skills accompanied by impaired comprehension and interpretive skills in high-fu...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639408402680
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined whether the Vocabulary-Digit Span difference score and discriminant function based on subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) developed by Mittenberg et al. (1995) could differentiate patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries (n = 50) from persons with ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.20.2.167.1171
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Participants scoring high and low on a schizotypy scale (n=18 in each group) switched between naming words and naming colors in a Stroop task in congruent, neutral, and incongruent conditions. The findings were that, while being slower and less accurate overall than low schizotypes, the high schizotypy group did not d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390701336866
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Research addressing deployment-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) is fairly complex due to a high prevalence of comorbid conditions, multiple exposures, and the lack of acute medical records. Therefore, there is a need for a well-defined, matching comparison group. This study compared deployment-related ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1167172
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Working memory capacity can be conceptualized as the ability to use controlled attention in short term memory (Engle, Tuholski, Laughlin, & Conway, 1999). We tested this idea in young and older adults by combining the task demands of two neuropsychological tests, word span, and Stroop color-naming. Young and older adu...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390490919218
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Both working memory (WM; a brain system that provides temporary storage and manipulation of the information) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been associated with educational deficits. Since WM deficits are prevalent in children with ADHD, the main aim of the present study was to exami...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1127896
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two studies addressed issues concerning the validity of the Presidents Test. The results of Study 1 substantiated that generalized impairment for recent presidents occurs frequently in the context of multifocal and diffuse cerebral disease. Performances of normal elderly (n = 31) on all four Presidents subtests were s...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639008400967
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain damage often results in visual defects and/or higher order visuo-spatial disorders including the syndromes of unilateral neglect and extinction. These syndromes and their associated behavioral sequelae are described along with several standard assessments and methods for behaviorally quantifying such deficits. I...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1076/jcen.24.7.941.8390
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to determine the relationships between positron emission tomography (PET)-based quantitative measures of cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reserve and neuropsychological functioning in elderly individuals with atherosclerotic vascular disease. It was hypothesized that cerebrovascular func...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.630653
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Useful Field of View test (UFOV(1)) is a measure of processing speed that predicts driving performance and other functional abilities in older adults. In comparison to a number of other visual and cognitive measures, the UFOV measure has consistently been found to be the strongest predictor of motor vehicle crashe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390490515432
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual field deficits in patients have long been considered to be nontreatable, but in previous studies we have found an enlargement of the intact visual field following vision restoration therapy (VRT). In the present pilot study, we wished to determine whether a double-stimulation approach would facilitate visual fi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390600878919
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with cognitive, motor, and psychiatric deterioration over time. Although there is currently no cure for HD, there has been a surge of clinical trials available to patients with HD over the past 5 years. However, cognitive measures have generally been la...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390903313564
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00