The impact of ancestral tetraploidy on antibody heterogeneity in salmonid fishes.

abstract：:Five of the 10 human Toll-like receptors (TLRs) (TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9), and four of the 12 mouse TLRs (TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, TLR9) can trigger interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-lambda, which are critical for antiviral immunity. Moreover, TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 differ from TLR4 in two particularly i...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Zhang SY,Jouanguy E,Sancho-Shimizu V,von Bernuth H,Yang K,Abel L,Picard C,Puel A,Casanova JL

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The characterization of the microenvironment of human tumors led to the description of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) characterized by mature dendritic cells in a T-cell zone adjacent to B-cell follicle including a germinal center. TLS represent sites of lymphoid neogenesis that develop in most solid cancers. Anal...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Dieu-Nosjean MC,Giraldo NA,Kaplon H,Germain C,Fridman WH,Sautès-Fridman C

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptosis is an important component of normal tissue physiology, and the prompt removal of apoptotic cells is equally essential to avoid the undesirable consequences of their accumulation and disintegration. Professional phagocytes are highly specialized for engulfing apoptotic cells. The recent ability to track cells...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Blander JM

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigenic peptides presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules originate from the degradation of both self and non-self proteins. T cells can therefore recognize at the surface of surveyed cells, the self-peptidome produced by the cell itself (mostly inducing tolerance) or immunogenic ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Argüello RJ,Reverendo M,Gatti E,Pierre P

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Solid tumor therapy with chemotherapeutics greatly depends on the efficiency with which drugs are delivered to tumor cells. The typical characteristics of the tumor physiology promote but also appose accumulation of blood-borne agents. The leaky tumor vasculature allows easy passage of drugs. However, the disorganized...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： ten Hagen TL,Seynhaeve AL,Eggermont AM

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) constitute organized lymphoid aggregates that are capable of T- and B-cell responses to inhaled antigens. BALT, located mostly at bifurcations of the bronchus in animals and humans, is present in the fetus and develops rapid...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Bienenstock J,McDermott MR

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have discussed some aspects of the structure of the normal immune system, particularly the B-cell compartment. We have argued: that a basic property of the natural antibody repertoire is constituted by high degrees of connectivity within the immune system as well as between the system and other components of the or...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Holmberg D,Andersson A,Carlsson L,Forsgren S

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Francisella tularensis in an intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes a potentially lethal disease called tularemia. Studies performed nearly 100 years ago revealed that neutrophil accumulation in infected tissues correlates directly with the extent of necrotic damage during F. tularensis infection. However, the d...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Kinkead LC,Allen LA

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leishmania major infections induce the development of a CD4(+) T-helper 1 (Th1) response that not only controls the primary infection but also results in life-long immunity to reinfection. How that immunity is maintained is unknown, although because of the existence of infection-induced immunity, there has been an ass...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Scott P,Artis D,Uzonna J,Zaph C

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of the complement system by canonical and non-canonical mechanisms results in the generation of multiple C3 and C5 cleavage fragments including anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a as well as opsonizing C3b/iC3b. It is now well appreciated that anaphylatoxins not only act as pro-inflammatory mediators but as immu...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Verschoor A,Karsten CM,Broadley SP,Laumonnier Y,Köhl J

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A byproduct of the largely stochastic generation of a diverse B-cell specificity repertoire is production of cells that recognize autoantigens. Indeed, recent studies indicate that more than half of the primary repertoire consists of autoreactive B cells that must be silenced to prevent autoimmunity. While this silenc...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Yarkoni Y,Getahun A,Cambier JC

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of peptide presented by the major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecule by the T-cell receptor (TCR) determines T-cell selection, development, differentiation, fate, and function. Despite intensive studies on the structures, thermodynamic properties, kinetic rates, and affinities of TCR-pMHC interacti...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Zhu C,Jiang N,Huang J,Zarnitsyna VI,Evavold BD

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is considerable evidence that the conformation and stability of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins is dependent upon high-affinity peptide ligation, but structural data for an empty MHC protein unfortunately is lacking. However, several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specific...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Hansen TH,Lybarger L,Yu L,Mitaksov V,Fremont DH

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pellinos are a family of E3 ubiquitin ligases discovered for their role in catalyzing K63-linked polyubiquitination of Pelle, an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-associated kinase homolog in the Drosophila Toll pathway. Subsequent studies have revealed the central and non-redundant roles of mammalian Pellino-1, Pellino-2...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Medvedev AE,Murphy M,Zhou H,Li X

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein and the delineation of its critical contributions in the establishment of central immune tolerance has significantly expanded our understanding of the immunological mechanisms that protect from the development of autoimmune disease. The parallel identification a...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Constantine GM,Lionakis MS

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) destroys tumors with infused cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Although successful in some settings, ACT is compromised due to impaired survival or functional inactivation of the CTL. To better understand the mechanisms involved, we have exploited a mouse model of leukemia expressing ovalbumi...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Villadangos JA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ikaros zinc finger transcription factors are important regulators of the gene programs underlying the development of hematopoietic cell lineages. The family consists of five members: Ikaros, Helios, Aiolos, Eos, and Pegasus, which engage in both homo- and heterotypic intrafamilial interactions to exert diverse functio...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Read KA,Jones DM,Freud AG,Oestreich KJ

更新日期：2020-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The general thrust of this volume is to review the roles of accessory cells in regulating T and B lymphocytes. To that end, we have summarized the evidence that indicates the crucial role that Langerhans cells play in the induction and expression of immunity to antigens that gain access to, or arise within, skin. Lang...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Streilein JW,Grammer SF,Yoshikawa T,Demidem A,Vermeer M

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS), including nitric oxide, are produced in cells by a variety of enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. At high levels, both types of oxidants are used to kill ingested organisms within phagocytes. At low levels, RNOS may diffuse outside cells whe...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Swindle EJ,Metcalfe DD

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer cells are subjected to constant selection by the immune system, meaning that tumors that become clinically manifest have managed to subvert or hide from immunosurveillance. Immune control can be facilitated by induction of autophagy, as well as by polyploidization of cancer cells. While autophagy causes the rel...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Bloy N,Garcia P,Laumont CM,Pitt JM,Sistigu A,Stoll G,Yamazaki T,Bonneil E,Buqué A,Humeau J,Drijfhout JW,Meurice G,Walter S,Fritsche J,Weinschenk T,Rammensee HG,Melief C,Thibault P,Perreault C,Pol J,Zitvogel L,Se

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The screening of tumor-derived expression libraries for antigens detected by high-titer immunoglobulin G antibodies from the sera of patients with cancer by SEREX (serological identification of antigens by recombinant expression cloning) allows a systematic search for antigens of human cancers. SEREX has led to the id...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Preuss KD,Zwick C,Bormann C,Neumann F,Pfreundschuh M

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lung constantly interacts with the environment through thousands of liters of air that are inhaled daily. This continually transports toxic chemicals and particles or pathogenic microorganisms deep into the respiratory system, posing a challenge to physicochemical barriers and the local immune system. Thus, comple...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Hasenberg M,Stegemann-Koniszewski S,Gunzer M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Solid organ transplantation is a vital therapy for end stage diseases. Decades of research have established that components of the adaptive immune system are critical for transplant rejection, but the role of the innate immune system in organ transplantation is just emerging. Accumulating evidence indicates that the i...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Mori DN,Kreisel D,Fullerton JN,Gilroy DW,Goldstein DR

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunity results from a complex interplay between the antigen-non-specific innate immune system and the antigen-specific adaptive immune system. The cells and molecules of the innate system employ non-clonal recognition receptors including lectins, Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and helicases. B and T lympho...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ueno H,Schmitt N,Klechevsky E,Pedroza-Gonzalez A,Matsui T,Zurawski G,Oh S,Fay J,Pascual V,Banchereau J,Palucka K

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the fundamental aspects of the innate immune system is its capacity to discriminate between self and non-self or altered self, and to quickly respond by eliciting effector mechanisms that act in concert to restore normalcy. This capacity is determined by a set of evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition rec...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Saleh M

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The preceding paragraphs describe several uses of specific antibodies to IL-1. Standard radioimmunoassays and ELISA procedures were developed with demonstrated utility in studies attempting to quantitate the cytokine in cell culture fluids. In part, antibody-based assays circumvent the problems associated with bioassa...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Gaffney EV,Anderson AE,Pfanenstiel YT,Koch GA

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of innate immune sensors (pattern recognition receptors, PRRs) has profoundly transformed the notion of innate immunity, in providing a mechanistic basis for host immune interactions with a wealth of environmental signals, leading to a variety of immune-mediated outcomes including instruction and activat...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Liwinski T,Zheng D,Elinav E

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NF-κB proteins were identified in the search for mechanisms that regulate B-lymphocyte-specific transcription of immunoglobulin κ light chain genes. Twenty-five years later, though the function of the κB site in the enhancer remains enigmatic, NF-κB proteins have been shown to have important roles in B-cell developmen...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Kaileh M,Sen R

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The co-evolution of papillomaviruses (PV) and their mammalian hosts has produced mechanisms by which PV might avoid specific and non-specific host immune responses. Low level expression of PV proteins in infected basal epithelial cells, together with an absence of inflammation and of virus-induced cell lysis, restrict...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Frazer IH,Thomas R,Zhou J,Leggatt GR,Dunn L,McMillan N,Tindle RW,Filgueira L,Manders P,Barnard P,Sharkey M

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer cells express multiple receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, including the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and the C-type lectin-like CD94:NKG2 receptors. The KIR locus is extremely polymorphic, paralleling the diversity of its classical MHC class I ligands. Simi...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Das J,Khakoo SI

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00