1,3-Dinitrobenzene metabolism and toxicity in seminiferous tubules isolated from rats of different ages.

abstract：:Manganese (II) bis(glycinate)dichloride (Mn(glycinate)2) is a coordination complex of manganese with application as a contrast enhancement agent for magnetic resonance imaging in the heart. To determine the cardioactivity of the manganese ion in this chelation cage, the effects of Mn(glycinate)2 on Ca channel function...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tan W,Barnett JV,Hehn GM,Quay SC,Galper JB

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytochrome P-450 enzymes are responsible for the oxidation of xenobiotic chemicals including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens. These enzymes include cytochrome P450, cytochrome b(5), arylhydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (AHH), NADPH-cytochrome C reductase and dimethylnitrosamine N-demethylase I (DMN-dI)....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sheweita SA,El-Gabar MA,Bastawy M

更新日期：2001-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was designed to examine more fully the neurochemical and behavioral interactions that derive from continued lead and cadmium poisoning in pups, whose mothers were exposed via drinking water (300 mg/l of Pb and 10 mg/l of Cd) throughout pregnancy and lactation. At weaning, these metals produced an inc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Antonio MT,López N,Leret ML

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently it has become clear that exposure to xenobiotics may result in various forms of cell death; not only passive cell deaths like necrosis, or programmed cell deaths such as apoptosis, but also regulated necrosis, autophagy, senescence, or mitotic catastrophe. Complex cell signaling networks influence the process...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tekpli X,Holme JA,Sergent O,Lagadic-Gossmann D

更新日期：2013-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Male Wistar rats injected i.p. with 30 mg Fe2+/kg body weight show hepatic damage as measured by an increase in lipid peroxides which correlated with elevated serum enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Oral administration of spice principles, curc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Reddy AC,Lokesh BR

更新日期：1996-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium, an environmental neurotoxic compound, produces cognitive disorders, although the mechanism remains unknown. Previously, we described that cadmium induces a more pronounced cell death on cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain (BF). This effect, partially mediated by M1 receptor blockade, triggering it throug...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Moyano P,de Frias M,Lobo M,Anadon MJ,Sola E,Pelayo A,Díaz MJ,Frejo MT,Del Pino J

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is a component of signal transduction pathways mediating various stress signals including oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and is suggested to be implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases. Cell death in neurodegenerative conditions has bee...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hirata Y,Iwasaki T,Makimura Y,Okajima S,Oh-Hashi K,Takemori H

更新日期：2019-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of cancer initiation by fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) was investigated in rat liver by monitoring the effect of phenobarbital (PB) as cancer promoter and evaluating the involvement of spontaneously initiated cells. A PB promoting regimen (0.05% in the diet) stimulated the outgrowth of FB(1)-induced placental gluta...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gelderblom WC,Marasas WF,Lebepe-Mazur S,Swanevelder S,Abel S

更新日期：2008-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Use of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic trovafloxacin (TVX) was restricted due to idiosyncratic, drug-induced liver injury (IDILI). Previous studies demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and TVX interact to cause death of hepatocytes in vitro that was associated with prolonged activation of c-Jun N-termina...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Beggs KM,Maiuri AR,Fullerton AM,Poulsen KL,Breier AB,Ganey PE,Roth RA

更新日期：2015-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrated-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) and diesel exhaust particle extracts (DEPE) induced apoptosis in Hepa1c1c7 cells with the following potency: 1,3-dinitropyrene (1,3-DNP)>1-nitropyrene (1-NP) > DEPE > 1,8-dinitropyrene (1,8-DNP). The compounds induced cyp1a1, and activated various intracellular si...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Landvik NE,Gorria M,Arlt VM,Asare N,Solhaug A,Lagadic-Gossmann D,Holme JA

更新日期：2007-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been widely accepted that microglia, which are the innate immune cells in the brain, upon activation can cause neuronal damage. In the present study, we investigated the role of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in regulating microglial nitric oxide production and its role in causing neuronal damage. T...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Li Y,Chen G,Zhao J,Nie X,Wan C,Liu J,Duan Z,Xu G

更新日期：2013-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to a variety of cultured cells may alter their ability to proliferate and die. In a previous study we demonstrated that TCDD induced proliferation in Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells where no signs of apoptosis were observed, but herein, analysis o...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Fiorito F,Ciarcia R,Granato GE,Marfe G,Iovane V,Florio S,De Martino L,Pagnini U

更新日期：2011-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitous presence of nanoparticles (NPs) together with increasing evidence linking them to negative health effects points towards the need to develop the understanding of mechanisms by which they exert toxic effects. This study was designed to investigate the role of surface area and oxidative stress in the cell...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hussain S,Boland S,Baeza-Squiban A,Hamel R,Thomassen LC,Martens JA,Billon-Galland MA,Fleury-Feith J,Moisan F,Pairon JC,Marano F

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Aluminium has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases but exact mechanism of action is still not known. Mitochondria being a major site of reactive oxygen species production are considered to be target of oxidative stress and it seems that the oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins may underlie the p...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kumar V,Bal A,Gill KD

更新日期：2009-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:As a new method, support vector machine (SVM) were applied for prediction of toxicity of different data sets compared with other two common methods, multiple linear regression (MLR) and RBFNN. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) models based on calculated molecular descriptors have been clearly establ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Zhao CY,Zhang HX,Zhang XY,Liu MC,Hu ZD,Fan BT

更新日期：2006-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction in vivo of four O-alkyl O-2,5-dichlorophenyl phosphoramidates with neural neuropathy target esterase (NTE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and their ability to cause delayed polyneuropathy in hens has been examined. Previous studies in vitro (Vilanova, Johnson & Vicedo, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 28 (1...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Johnson MK,Vilanova E,Read DJ

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this report the neurotoxicity of aspartame and its constituent amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine is reviewed. The adverse reactions ascribed to the consumption of aspartame-containing products, as reported in the U.S.A., are discussed and placed in perspective with the results of recent behavioural studie...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Janssen PJ,van der Heijden CA

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clarifying the participation of oxidative stress among possible contributing factors in potassium bromate (KBrO(3))-induced carcinogenesis is of importance from the perspective of human health protection. In the present study, utilizing the antioxidative effects of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TP) or sodium ascorbic acid (...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Umemura T,Tasaki M,Kijima A,Okamura T,Inoue T,Ishii Y,Suzuki Y,Masui N,Nohmi T,Nishikawa A

更新日期：2009-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a major problem in drug development, and oxidative stress is known as one of the causes. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are important antioxidant enzymes against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria are the major source of superoxide production, and SOD2 is mainly localized in mitoc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yoshikawa Y,Morita M,Hosomi H,Tsuneyama K,Fukami T,Nakajima M,Yokoi T

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintenance of health is dependent on numerous regulatory interactions between organ systems. This review discusses interorgan communication between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems and environmental and genetic influences on this neuroendocrine immune circuitry. Stresses of multiple types, including psychol...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lawrence DA,Kim D

更新日期：2000-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Endothelins (ET) can be considered stress-responsive regulators working in paracrine and autocrine fashion. It has been suggested that elevated levels of ET may be responsible for the low coronary re-flow phenomena. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was shown to stimulate ET release in rat heart; however, the mechan...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ozdemir R,Parlakpinar H,Polat A,Colak C,Ermis N,Acet A

更新日期：2006-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of nitric oxide (NO) in acute renal failure (ARF) is debatable. In the present study, we investigated the effect of acute administration of NO donor, Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), L-Arginine (L-Arg) and NO synthase inhibitor, N(omega)-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in Fe-NTA induced renal toxicity. Rats were ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gupta A,Chander V,Sharma S,Chopra K

更新日期：2007-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Envenoming by the pitviper Bothrops jararacussu produces cardiovascular alterations, including coagulopathy, systemic hemorrhage, hypotension, circulatory shock and renal failure. In this work, we examined the activity of this venom in rat isolated right atria. Incubation with venom (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mg/ml) cau...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rodrigues MA,Dias L,Rennó AL,Sousa NC,Smaal A,da Silva DA,Hyslop S

更新日期：2014-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Phensuximide (PSX) is an antiepileptic agent which has been shown to induce hemorrhagic cystitis and mild nephrotoxicity following repeated administration in man or rats or when acutely administered to phenobarbital-pretreated rats. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of para-hydroxylation of the phenyl ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rankin GO,Beers KW,Nicoll DW,Anestis DK,Shih HC,Brown PI,Hubbard JL

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were exposed to 1.5 +/- 0.1 mg ozone/m3 for 4 days and the activities of glucose-6-P dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) were measured in the cytosolic fraction of lungs from exposed and control rats. Enzyme activities were also measured in isolated alveolar macrop...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rietjens IM,Van Bree L,Marra M,Poelen MC,Rombout PJ,Alink GM

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats which were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with FeCl2 X 4H2O expired ethane which increased with increasing doses of iron. The same amount of ethane was expired by animals exposed to 20% or 100% oxygen. The mobilization by FeCl2 of stored ethane from the body was excluded. Propane expiration was also stimulated ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Muliawan H,Kappus H

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of triethyl lead chloride (TEL) on the expression of two detoxication enzyme families, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (QR) were determined in rat liver and kidney. Fischer 344 rats were given one intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of TEL. GST activity, GST isoenzyme leve...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Daggett DA,Nuwaysir EF,Nelson SA,Wright LS,Kornguth SE,Siegel FL

更新日期：1997-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic rat mutation assays can be used to assess genotoxic properties of chemicals in target organs for carcinogenicity. Mutations in transgenes are genetically neutral and accumulate during a treatment period; thus, assays are suitable for assessing the genotoxic risk of chemicals using a repeated-dose treatment ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kawamura Y,Hayashi H,Masumura K,Numazawa S,Nohmi T

更新日期：2014-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Ghrelin stimulates growth hormone (GH) release and induces positive energy balances. Previous studies have reported that ghrelin inhibits apoptosis in several cell types but the precise underlying protective mechanisms in pancreatic beta cells are poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated which pathway was related...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Zhang Y,Ying B,Shi L,Fan H,Yang D,Xu D,Wei Y,Hu X,Zhang Y,Zhang X,Wang T,Liu D,Dou L,Chen G,Jiang F,Wen F

更新日期：2007-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:This review concerns some of the cell culture systems that are most frequently used in toxicology investigations. In particular, it sets out to evaluate the effectiveness of these cell culture systems in assessing the toxic potential of chemicals. Metabolic studies and general and specific toxicology investigations ar...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Stammati AP,Silano V,Zucco F

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00