Abstract:
:Leptin, the protein encoded by the recently cloned obese gene, has the properties of a hormone released by adipose tissue, regulating appetite and energy expenditure. Injected leptin reduces body weight and food intake in mice, and in obese, diabetic mice (with a mutated obese gene), it also reduces plasma insulin and glucose. Leptin release is stimulated by insulin; leptin appears to act on the hypothalamus by inhibiting the release of the neuropeptide Y.
journal_name
Nutr Revjournal_title
Nutrition reviewsauthors
Wolf Gdoi
10.1111/j.1753-4887.1996.tb03878.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-03-01 00:00:00pages
91-3issue
3eissn
0029-6643issn
1753-4887journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The labeling of health claims that meet the significant scientific agreement (SSA) standard (authorized health claims) and qualified health claims on conventional foods and dietary supplements requires premarket approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA conducts an evidence-based review to determine w...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00284.x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β/δ has an important role in multiple inflammatory conditions, including obesity, hypertension, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune diseases. PPARβ/δ forms a heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor and binds to peroxisome prolifera...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz058
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnesium deficiency is prevalent in women of childbearing age in both developing and developed countries. The need for magnesium increases during pregnancy, and the majority of pregnant women likely do not meet this increased need. Magnesium deficiency or insufficiency during pregnancy may pose a health risk for both...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw018
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iodine intake influences the health of Americans today, but in different ways than it has in the past. In the early 1900s, iodine deficiency was responsible for widespread endemic goiter in the United States. The incidence of goiter was markedly reduced by the introduction of iodine supplementation of salt and other f...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1999.tb06940.x
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipoprotein lipase gene is highly polymorphic, and several common mutations have been associated with an increased atherogenic lipid profile. One of these, Asn291Ser, was also found to be associated with increased ischemic heart disease in women. More recently, this same mutation, present in approximately 5% of th...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2000.tb01826.x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identity of the protein responsible for hemochromatosis, the iron overload disease, has eluded scientists for years. However, a recent report identifies the gene where the hemochromatosis defect lies. It is a gene that encodes a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-1-like protein called HLA-H. The mechanis...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1996.tb03949.x
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adequate folate status in early pregnancy is critical to prevent congenital malformations, yet little is known about whether exposure to folate, specifically folic acid supplementation beyond the recommended dose, influences chronic health outcomes. The link between maternal folate levels and risk of childhood asthma ...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nure.12080
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The ability to measure the gut microbiome led to a surge in understanding and knowledge of its role in health and disease. The diet is a source of fuel for and influencer of composition of the microbiome. OBJECTIVE:To assess the understanding of the interactions between nutrition and the gut microbiome in heal...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz106
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optimal timing of umbilical cord clamping has been debated in the scientific literature for at least the last century, when cord clamping practices shifted from delayed towards immediate clamping. Recent research provides evidence for the beneficial effect of delayed cord clamping on infant iron status. The presen...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00430.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overzealous resuscitation of the severely malnourished patient may be associated with life-threatening complications. A variety of electrolyte, hemodynamic, septic, and nutritional derangements may result in sudden decompensation and even death. We present a case that dramatically illustrates these complications and f...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1990.tb02890.x
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The national health promotion program, Health Japan 21 (second term), began in 2013. This program has set 5 basic goals: to extend healthy life expectancy and reduce health disparity, to prevent noncommunicable disease, to improve function for social life, to establish a social environment for health, and to improve l...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuaa079
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Asian epidemiological studies, health benefits, including reduced incidence of breast and prostate cancers, are attributed to soy food and isoflavone consumption. The recent increased intake of soy foods and supplements in the American diet has raised concerns about the possible estrogen-like effects of natural iso...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00213.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing need for nutrition professionals is driven by growing public interest in nutrition and the potential of nutrition to prevent and treat a variety of diet-related conditions. Health promotion units and health services face great challenges in trying to address current and future population health issues. ...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00315.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Context:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major health problem worldwide that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There is increased interest in the value of different nutrition-based strategies for preventing the development of T2D. Objective:This review aims to cover current knowledge regarding the effect...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuy014
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this article is to review the definitions and regulations for dietary fiber and whole grains worldwide and to discuss barriers to meeting recommended intake levels. Plant foods, such as whole grains, that are rich in dietary fiber are universally recommended in dietary guidance. Foods rich in dietary fiber ...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz061
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Serotonergic dysfunction, including reduced central serotonin levels, is associated with different psychiatric syndromes, including depression. As a serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan has long been used as a nonpharmacological treatment for depression. OBJECTIVE:A systematic review and meta-analysis was ...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz039
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The use of the internet and technology as a medium for delivering online nutrition education (ONE) has increased; however, evidence-based studies exploring factors that contribute to best practices in online interventions have not emerged. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz032
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves have been widely used in traditional remedies in European and Mediterranean countries such as Greece, Spain, Italy, France, Turkey, Israel, Morocco, and Tunisia. They have been used in the human diet as an extract, an herbal tea, and a powder, and they contain many potentially bioa...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00248.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prebiotic and probiotic therapies are new strategies being used to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the administration of select prebiotics and probiotics, alone or in combination (the latter called "synbiotic" therapy) may improve the clinical outcome of patients with ulcerative colitis....
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00196.x
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Context:Optimizing cognitive performance and preventing cognitive impairments that result from exposure to high-stress situations are important to ensure mission-readiness for military personnel. Objective:This systematic review assesses the quality of the evidence for plant-based foods and beverages, or their phytoch...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nux005
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children one to ten years of age who had had the fetal alcohol syndrome were compared with age-matched children with intrauterine growth retardation without exposure to alcohol. Those with fetal alcohol syndrome had greater impairment of immune function. ...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1982.tb05259.x
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic stress causes the release of glucocorticoids, which greatly influence cerebral function, especially glutamatergic transmission. These stress-induced changes in neurotransmission could be counteracted by increasing the dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). Numerous studies have desc...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nure.12088
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genistein is a soy-derived biologically active isoflavone that exhibits diverse health-promoting effects. An increasing body of evidence shows that genistein influences lipid homeostasis and insulin resistance, counteracts inflammatory cytokines, and possesses antidiabetic properties. Genistein also impedes cancer pro...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nure.12044
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of germ-free and conventional mice revealed that the intestinal bacterial population of the latter contributed to the provision of calories to the host by hydrolysis of indigestible plant polysaccharides to absorbable monosaccharides. The gut microbiota at the same time caused the suppression of a circulating ...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00173.x
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Folic acid is a member of the B-vitamin family and is essential for amino acid metabolism. Adequate intake of folic acid is vital for metabolism, cellular homeostasis, and DNA synthesis. Since the initial discovery of folic acid in the 1940s, folate deficiency has been implicated in numerous disease states, primarily ...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw053
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is much (renewed) interest about the effects of salicylates on food intolerance, attention-deficit disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Current evidence for the efficacy of salicylate-elimination diets in the treatment of attention-deficit disorders and hyperactivity is weak, and further investigation is requi...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1996.tb03940.x
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intrinsic aging of the brain and its relationship to age-related neurodegenerative diseases need to be understood as part of global aging, which results from gradual accumulation of a variety of kinds of cellular and molecular damage. While certain kinds of molecular lesions are particularly associated with specific d...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00343.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fish and shellfish are widely available foods that provide important nutrients, particularly n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), to many populations globally. These nutrients, especially docosahexaenoic acid, confer benefits to brain and visual system development in infants and reduce risks of certain forms o...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00415.x
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thermal injury in animal models clearly alters glucose metabolism. Insulin resistance results, with the wound in the skin receiving increased glucose, presumably to be used for wound healing and fighting invasion by foreign organisms. Using the whole-body imaging capacities of PET, it may now be possible to explore in...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01636.x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::All-trans and 13-cis-retinoic acids are normal constituents of human blood. Blood levels of both compounds increase upon oral ingestion of all-trans-retinyl palmitate, to a greater extent with higher amounts of ingested retinyl palmitate. These data suggest a mechanism whereby levels of dietary vitamin A could influen...
journal_title:Nutrition reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1991.tb07423.x
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00