Studies on the molecular toxicology of buta-1,3-diene and isoprene epoxides.

abstract：:The term "health/functional food" (HFF) refers to food supplements containing nutrients or other substances (in a concentrated form) that have a nutritional or physiological effect whose purpose is to supplement the normal diet. The Korean Health/Functional Food Act that came into effect in 2004 requires these product...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kim JY,Kim DB,Lee HJ

更新日期：2006-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of metallothionein (MT) in the nephrotoxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (c-DDP) was investigated in rats using enzyme excretion and histology as indicators of renal damage. In addition, the effects of renal glutathione (GSH) depletion on the nephrotoxicity of c-DDP was assessed by organic anion t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Suzuki CA,Cherian MG

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compares changes in cardiopulmonary function, selected endpoints in exhaled breath, blood, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) following a single, high-level 30-min nose-only exposure of rats to chlorine and phosgene gas. The time-course of lung injury was systematically examined up to 1-day post-exposur...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Luo S,Trübel H,Wang C,Pauluhn J

更新日期：2014-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Consumption of edible oils contaminated with Argemone mexicana seed oil is known to cause various clinical manifestations. In the present study, the effect of dietary intake of argemone oil on histopathological changes, haematological indices and selected marker parameters of toxicity was investigated to observe the e...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Upreti KK,Das M,Kumar A,Singh GB,Khanna SK

更新日期：1989-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The intravenous LD50 of cefuroxime sodium for mice was 10.4 g/kg. The maximum dosage administered in other acute toxicity tests was well tolerated by mice (10 g/kg, subcutaneous), by rats (4 g/kg, intravenous, 5 g/kg, subcutaneous) and by cats, dogs and monkeys (2 g/kg, intramuscularly). Cefuroxime sodium was administ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Capel-Edwards K,Atkinson RM,Pratt DA

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trichloroethylene (TCE) produced bronchiolar damage when administered to mice. Administration of 2000 mg/kg caused injury in Clara cells of the bronchiolar epithelium, which was observed at 24 h following TCE treatment; increase of the dosage to 2500 mg/kg induced additionally, alterations in alveolar Type II cells of...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Forkert PG,Sylvestre PL,Poland JS

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have implicated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the influences of different components remain largely elusive. Here, we extended our previous work to investigate th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wei H,Feng Y,Liang F,Cheng W,Wu X,Zhou R,Wang Y

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antidotes against chemical warfare agents are "orphan drugs" given that these poisonings are rare. Therefore, they are of limited interest to the pharmaceutical industry. For this reason, and recognizing the increasing threat of terrorist or asymmetrical use of chemical warfare agents, the responsibility for research ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Szinicz L,Worek F,Thiermann H,Kehe K,Eckert S,Eyer P

更新日期：2007-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Cetaben and clofibrate were each administered to groups of 6 rats (3 male and 3 female) by gavage at dosages of 50 mg/kg per day and 200 mg/kg per day for 2 weeks. Cetaben caused 1 death at 200 mg/kg per day and decreases in body weight gain and food consumption at 50 mg/kg per day or more. There were no effects on bo...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Fort FL,Stein HH,Langenberg K,Lewkowski JP,Heyman IA,Kesterson JW

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because it had been suggested that alpha-tocopherol might protect protein thiols (PSH) from oxidation, we were interested in determining if alpha-tocopherol could prevent or mitigate nitrofurantoin-induced changes in the glutathione (GSH) or PSH status of the liver. Isolated rat livers were perfused in the single pass...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hoener B,Hjalmarson AC

更新日期：1991-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Daunomycin-induced cardiotoxicity has been regarded to be the result of oxygen-mediated lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the extent of lipid peroxidation in rat heart after administration of this anticancer drug and, further, to examine possible activation of some endog...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Papageorgiou G,Iliadis S,Botsoglou N,Dioudis C,Goulas A,Fletouris D,Dimitriadou-Vafiadou A

更新日期：1998-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent attention to methanol (MeOH) as a potential alternative fuel prompted an evaluation of the chemical's effects during early pregnancy. Rats were dosed by gavage during Days 1-8 of pregnancy at 0, 1.6, 2.4, or 3.2 g MeOH/kg/day. Groups of animals were killed on Days 9, 11, or 20 of pregnancy, and maternal, embryo...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Cummings AM

更新日期：1993-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The urinary metabolites from repeated oral doses of 3.7 mg o-phenyl phenol (OPP) to mature and immature dogs and cats were studied. At both age levels, dogs excreted significantly more OPP as sulfate and glucuronide than did cats. Puppies produced 4 times the level of glucuronides than mature dogs. No such age differe...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Savides MC,Oehme FW

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The allergenicity of various compounds was tested by means of the optimization procedure in the guinea-pig. Results with antibiotics, preservatives, fragrance raw materials and miscellaneous contactants are reported. Their relevance is critically discussed in relation to other animal sensitization methods (Draize, Büh...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Maurer T,Weirich EG,Hess R

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to a variety of cultured cells may alter their ability to proliferate and die. In a previous study we demonstrated that TCDD induced proliferation in Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells where no signs of apoptosis were observed, but herein, analysis o...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Fiorito F,Ciarcia R,Granato GE,Marfe G,Iovane V,Florio S,De Martino L,Pagnini U

更新日期：2011-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The coumarin 7-hydroxylase of mice (Coh, CYP2A5) is known to be highly selectively inducible by both a set of heavy metals such as cobalt, indium and cerium and a variety of organic nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds such as 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, pyrazine and pyrazole. The investigations presented reveal t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Emde B,Tegtmeier M,Hahnemann B,Legrum W

更新日期：1996-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) results from exposure to the light-weight metal beryllium (Be). In vitro stimulation of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from CBD subjects causes the production of high levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-6. We tested the hypothesis that Be-stimulation might induce the production of TNF-a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sawyer RT,Kittle LA,Hamada H,Newman LS,Campbell PA

更新日期：2000-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the most sensitive and reproducible immunotoxic endpoints of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure is suppression of the antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) in mice. Immunosuppression occurs in concert with hepatomegaly and associated induction of several hepatic cytochrome P450 enz...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Smialowicz RJ,Burgin DE,Williams WC,Diliberto JJ,Setzer RW,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of insecticides currently in use throughout the world belong to the class of the organophosphorus insecticides. Many of these compounds, such as the phosphorothioate insecticides, exert their mammalian toxicity only after undergoing metabolic activation by a variety of cytochrome P450 isoforms to produce ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ramos S,Sultatos L

更新日期：1998-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to evaluate the primary DNA damage due to occupational exposure to chromium (VI), DNA strand-breaks and apoptosis in peripheral lymphocytes were measured in a group of 19 chrome-plating workers. DNA strand-breaks was assessed by alkaline (pH>13) single-cell microgel electrophoresis ('comet') assay, while apop...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gambelunghe A,Piccinini R,Ambrogi M,Villarini M,Moretti M,Marchetti C,Abbritti G,Muzi G

更新日期：2003-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated a single intradermal injection model in the guinea pig with subsequent inhalation challenge and serological analysis as a method to predict the potential of chemicals to induce respiratory allergy. Four known respiratory allergens (trimellitic anhydride, diphenyl methane diisocyanate, phthalic anh...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Blaikie L,Morrow T,Wilson AP,Hext P,Hartop PJ,Rattray NJ,Woodcock D,Botham PA

更新日期：1995-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Atrazine (ATZ) is used throughout North America to control annual broadleaf weeds and grasses in various crops including; corn, sorghum, and sugar cane. Unfortunately, contamination of surface and ground water has occurred as a result of ATZ's chemical and physical properties, and its widespread use throughout the U.S...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Karrow NA,McCay JA,Brown RD,Musgrove DL,Guo TL,Germolec DR,White KL Jr

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intravenous toxicity of phytic acid (inositol hexakisphosphate, IHP) has recently become of interest because of the potential for IHP incorporation into red blood cells to achieve a therapeutically useful shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve (Gersonde, K. and Nicolau, C., Blut, 39 (1979) 1). The obser...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gersonde K,Weiner M

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible juvenilizing effects of Dimilin and Altosid against larvae of Culex pipiens L. were studied. Apart from delayed lethal action, possible effect on the mean number of basal follicles developed per female has been considered. A baseline exposure was found which caused only low mortalities of the early 4th la...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gaaboub IA,Rawash IA,El-Gayar FH,Traboulsi AF

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-throughput in vitro toxicity screening provides an efficient way to identify potential biological targets for environmental and industrial chemicals while conserving limited testing resources. However, reliance on the nominal chemical concentrations in these in vitro assays as an indicator of bioactivity may misr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wetmore BA

更新日期：2015-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes (DME) can lead to severe toxicity or therapeutic failure of pharmacotherapy. Additionally, genetically determined differences in the activity of the metabolic enzymes can increase an individual's susceptibility to certain types of chemically induced cancers and possibl...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bourian M,Gullstén H,Legrum W

更新日期：2000-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Both 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl (4,4'-DCB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) caused a substantial increase of phenacetin-induced hepatic glutathione (GSH) depletion, whereas phenobarbital (PB) had no effect, suggesting that 4,4'-DCB possesses cytochrome P-448 inducing activity. The O-deethylation of phenacetin by liver micro...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： van Bree L,Redegeld FA,de Vries J

更新日期：1986-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Repeated abuse of stimulant drugs, cocaine and amphetamine, is associated with extraneuronal dopamine accumulation in specific brain areas. Dopamine may be cytotoxic through the generation of reactive oxygen species, namely hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting from dopamine oxidative metabolism. In this work, we studie...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Cunha-Oliveira T,Rego AC,Morgadinho MT,Macedo T,Oliveira CR

更新日期：2006-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Relative cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of thiophenes were investigated in suspensions of freshly isolated renal proximal tubular (PT) and distal tubular (DT) cells using 4-(2-thienyl)butyric acid (TByA) as a model compound. TByA produced significantly greater time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, as a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lash LH,Tokarz JJ

更新日期：1995-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrated-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) and diesel exhaust particle extracts (DEPE) induced apoptosis in Hepa1c1c7 cells with the following potency: 1,3-dinitropyrene (1,3-DNP)>1-nitropyrene (1-NP) > DEPE > 1,8-dinitropyrene (1,8-DNP). The compounds induced cyp1a1, and activated various intracellular si...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Landvik NE,Gorria M,Arlt VM,Asare N,Solhaug A,Lagadic-Gossmann D,Holme JA

更新日期：2007-03-07 00:00:00