Dissociation of allergenic and immunogenic functions in contact sensitivity to para-phenylenediamine.

Abstract:

:Contact sensitivity to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a frequent delayed-type hypersensitivity resulting in contact dermatitis. The aim of the present study, conducted in 16 patients allergic to PPD (as assessed by a positive patch test), was to get better insight into the mechanism of T-cell activation in PPD contact sensitivity. PPD was unable to induce significant proliferation of T cells from a first set of 9 patients. In 7 further patients, lymphocyte proliferation was assessed using PPD and 2 PPD metabolites, namely Brandrowski's base (BB) and benzoquinone (BQ). BB specifically stimulated T-cell proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion in all 7 patients whereas BQ, like PPD, was ineffective. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 8 PPD nonallergic individuals did not respond to either PPD, BB or BQ. We concluded from this study that: (1) the immunogenic hapten in PPD hypersensitivity is not PPD itself, and (2) BB might be the oxidative derivative of PPD endowed with T-cell-activating properties. Further support to this statement was provided by the observation that a T cell line derived from PBMC of a PPD-allergic patient in the presence of PPD responded to BB but not to PPD. Our in vitro results suggest that PPD is a prohapten which when applied on the skin is metabolized and converted into products (such as BB) which are the immunogenic haptens able to activate specific T cells.

authors

Krasteva M,Nicolas JF,Chabeau G,Garrigue JL,Bour H,Thivolet J,Schmitt D

doi

10.1159/000236573

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1993-01-01 00:00:00

pages

200-4

issue

2

eissn

1018-2438

issn

1423-0097

journal_volume

102

pub_type

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