Schedule effects of noncontingent reinforcement on attention-maintained destructive behavior in identical quadruplets.

abstract：:This study evaluated behavioral skills training (BST) and in situ training (IST) to teach a response to bullying (RtB) to four adults with intellectual disabilities who were victims of bullying. The RtB consisted of refraining from retaliating, stating disapproval, walking away, and telling a staff member. In situ ass...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Stannis RL,Crosland KA,Miltenberger R,Valbuena D

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has evaluated contrived motivating operations to teach mands for information. However, literature evaluating acquisition of the mand when? is comparatively limited. As an extension of Shillingsburg, Bowen, Valentino, & Pierce (2014), we taught three children with autism to engage in mands for informa...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Landa RK,Hansen B,Alice Shillingsburg M

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential reinforcement of compliance with teacher invitations to complete a specific academic task was applied to three extremely negativistic children in a special preschool class. For each child, this technique resulted in clear and useful increases in compliance as it was applied. In addition, the technique pro...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Baer AM,Rowbury T,Baer DM

更新日期：1973-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of using teachers as behavioral observers on both student and teacher behavior was examined with eight teachers and 32 elementary school children. The frequency of prompts (but not praise or criticism) to those students observed by the teacher increased significantly from nonobserver to teacher observed exp...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hay LR,Nelson RO,Hay WM

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the impact of choice making on the serious problem behaviors of 3 students with severe autism and/or mental retardation. In the context of within-subject reversal designs, the results showed consistently reduced levels of problem behaviors (e.g., aggression) when the students were given opportuniti...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Dyer K,Dunlap G,Winterling V

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes the results of a retrospective review of generalization in the context of social skills research with preschool children. A review of studies from 22 journals (1976 to 1990) that assessed generalization as part of social interaction research provided information concerning the prevalence of studi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Chandler LK,Lubeck RC,Fowler SA

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This research was conducted to determine the effects of a study skill training procedure on oral retelling of printed expository material read by three intermediate-grade learning disabled students. Measures of story retelling, study characteristics, and answers to comprehension questions were obtained during each ses...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Alexander DF

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare two methods designed to produce tic reduction in 4 children with Tourette's syndrome. Specifically, a verbal instruction not to engage in tics was compared to a verbal instruction plus differential reinforcement of zero-rate behavior (DRO). Results showed that the DRO-enhanced ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Woods DW,Himle MB

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compared the relative efficacy of providing simultaneous or delayed reinforcement on food acceptance during meals. The participant was a 7 year-old boy with pervasive developmental disorder and a history of food selectivity. Results indicated that both procedures were effective in increasing acceptance; how...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Kern L,Marder TJ

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral skills training was used to teach 3 parents to implement discrete-trial teaching with their children with developmental disabilities. Parents learned to implement discrete-trial training, their skills generalized to novel programs, and the children's correct responding increased, suggesting that behavioral ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lafasakis M,Sturmey P

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a modified paired-choice preference assessment and used a multielement design to examine the effects of noncontingent access to high- and low-preference music on vocal stereotypy exhibited by children with autism. For 3 of the 4 participants, high-preference music (a) produced lower levels of vocal stereo...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lanovaz MJ,Rapp JT,Ferguson S

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reliability of observational data was measured simultaneously by two assessors under two experimental conditions. During overt assessment, observers were told that reliability would be measured by one of the two assessors, thus permitting computation of reliability with an identified and an unidentified assessor. Duri...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Romanczyk RG,Kent RN,Diament C,O'leary KD

更新日期：1973-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children with feeding disorders may pack food when they lack the oral-motor skills, the motivation, or both to swallow. Presenting bites on the tongue with a Nuk brush, or redistribution, replacing packed food on the tongue, are two treatments whose relative efficacy is untested. In the current study, we compared the ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Milnes SM,Piazza CC,Ibañez VF,Kozisek JM

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the quality of observational data is generally evaluated by observer agreement, measures of both observer agreement and accuracy were available in the present study. Videotapes with a criterion protocol were coded by 16 observers. All observers calculated agreement scores both on their own and their partner's...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Boykin RA,Nelson RO

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared immediate and delayed error correction during sight-word instruction with 5 students with developmental disabilities. Whole-word error correction immediately followed each error for words in the immediate condition. In the delayed condition, whole-word error correction was provided at the end of each sessi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Barbetta PM,Heward WL,Bradley DM,Miller AD

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a sequence of three single-digit (1 digit x 1 digit) multiplication problems on the latency to initiate multiple-digit (3 digit x 3 digit) multiplication problems for 2 students in an alternative education school. Data showed that (a) during the preference assess...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Belfiore PJ,Lee DL,Vargas AU,Skinner CH

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous recommendations to employ occurrence, nonoccurrence, and overall estimates of interobserver reliability for interval data are reviewed. A rationale for comparing obtained reliability to reliability that would result from a random-chance model is explained. Formulae and graphic functions are presented to allow...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hopkins BL,Hermann JA

更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Present research and legislation regarding mainstreaming autistic children into normal classrooms have raised the importance of studying whether autistic children can benefit from observing normal peer models. The present investigation systematically assessed whether autistic children's learning of discrimination task...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Egel AL,Richman GS,Koegel RL

更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Competing stimulus assessments (CSAs) are designed to identify stimuli that, when made freely available, reduce problem behavior. Although CSAs have demonstrated utility, identifying competing stimuli can be difficult for some individuals. The current study describes outcomes from an augmented CSA (A-CSA) for 6 consec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hagopian LP,Frank-Crawford MA,Javed N,Fisher AB,Dillon CM,Zarcone JR,Rooker GW

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the use of a progressive delay procedure combined with verbal mediation to teach self-control to children with attention deficit disorder. Results showed that when participants were initially given the choice between an immediate smaller reinforcer and a larger delayed reinforcer, all participants ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Binder LM,Dixon MR,Ghezzi PM

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major problem in outpatient treatment has been the extreme irregularity with which patients use medication prescribed for them. As a new approach to resolving this problem, a portable operant apparatus was developed based on response priming and escape reinforcement. The apparatus sounded a tone at the time that a p...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Azrin NH,Powell J

更新日期：1969-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Good Behavior Game (GBG) is a well-documented group contingency designed to reduce disruptive behavior in classroom settings. However, few studies have evaluated the GBG with students who engage in severe problem behavior in alternative schools, and there are few demonstrations of training teachers in those settin...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Joslyn PR,Vollmer TR

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential reinforcement is a common treatment for escape-maintained problem behavior in which compliance is reinforced on a fixed-ratio (FR) 1 schedule with brief access to positive and/or negative reinforcement. Recent research suggests some individuals prefer to complete longer work requirements culminating in pr...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Fulton CJ,Tiger JH,Meitzen HM,Effertz HM

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the extent to which discriminative stimuli (S(D)s) facilitate differential responding during multielement functional analyses. Eight individuals, all diagnosed with mental retardation and referred for assessment and treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB) or aggression, participated. Functional analyse...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Conners J,Iwata BA,Kahng SW,Hanley GP,Worsdell AS,Thompson RH

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulus control technology was applied to the instruction of fraction ratio (e.g., (1/5)) and decimal (e.g., 0.20) relations, with 7 students who demonstrated difficulty in fraction and decimal tasks. The students were trained to match pictorial representations of fractions (B comparison stimuli) to printed counterpa...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lynch DC,Cuvo AJ

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many early intervention curricular manuals recommend teaching auditory-visual conditional discriminations (i.e., receptive labeling) using the simple-conditional method in which component simple discriminations are taught in isolation and in the presence of a distracter stimulus before the learner is required to respo...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Grow LL,Carr JE,Kodak TM,Jostad CM,Kisamore AN

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three children with autism were taught abduction-prevention skills using behavioral skills training with in situ feedback. All children acquired the skills, which were maintained at a 1-month follow-up assessment. In addition, 1 of the children demonstrated the skills during a stimulus generalization probe in a commun...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Gunby KV,Carr JE,Leblanc LA

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The generality of the findings reported by DeLeon, Iwata, and Roscoe (1997) was examined by conducting two stimulus-choice preference assessments, the second of which evaluated low-ranked items from the initial assessment. Results for the 2 participants suggested that supplementary assessments of low-ranked items may ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Taravella CC,Lerman DC,Contrucci SA,Roane HS

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transitions from one activity to another may evoke problem behavior from individuals with intellectual disabilities. One explanation for the occurrence of problem behavior could be the change in relative densities of reinforcement between the two activities. We conducted a descriptive assessment of problem behavior wi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Castillo MI,Clark DR,Schaller EA,Donaldson JM,DeLeon IG,Kahng S

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reinforcement contingencies and social reinforcement are ubiquitous phenomena in applied behavior analysis. This discussion paper is divided into two sections. In the first section, reinforcement contingencies are discussed in terms of the necessary and sufficient conditions for reinforcement effects. Response-stimulu...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Vollmer TR,Hackenberg TD

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00