The development of instructional control over classroom activities of deviant preschool children.

abstract：:In this essay, we note that although Iwata, Dorsey, Slifer, Bauman, and Richman (1982) established the standard framework for conducting functional analyses of problem behavior, the term functional analysis was probably first used in behavior analysis by B. F. Skinner in 1948. We also remind readers that a functional ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schlinger HD Jr,Normand MP

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted four experiments using an alternating treatments design to assess the influence of several variables on children's acquisition of number facts during one-on-one flash card instruction. In Experiment 1, we manipulated the order of stimulus presentation; in most cases a higher percentage of correct response...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Houten RV,Rolider A

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Shoplifting is one of the most frequent crimes in the United States, yet there is no agreement about effective prevention procedures. Since most prevention strategies are aimed at either increasing public awareness of the severity of the consequences or increasing the threat of detection, procedures that contain these...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： McNees MP,Egli DS,Marshall RS,Schnelle JF,Risley TR

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recommendation to reserve the most potent reinforcers for unprompted responses during acquisition programming has little published empirical support for its purported benefits (e.g., rapid acquisition, decreased errors, and decreased prompt dependence). The purpose of the current investigation was to compare the d...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Karsten AM,Carr JE

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study extends the literature on the assessment and treatment of rumination through the evaluation of a combined reinforcement- and punishment-based intervention. The study included a single participant with a history of rumination maintained by automatic reinforcement, as identified via a functional analys...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： DeRosa NM,Roane HS,Bishop JR,Silkowski EL

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the effects of a flexible work schedule ("flextime") on time allocated to children and spouse by federal workers. Direct behavioral observations of family, home, and work functions were precluded because of the cost involved in observing many people for long periods of time. In order to obtain deta...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Winett RA,Neale MS

更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Florida Department of Transportation used a series of changeable-message signs that functioned as freeway guide signs to divert traffic to Universal Theme Park via one of two eastbound exits based on traffic congestion at the first of the two exits. An examination of crashes along the entire route indicated a stat...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Van Houten R,Malenfant JE,Zhao N,Ko B,Van Houten J

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Child health-care appointments that are not kept are an important pediatric problem. Previous research has shown that reducing effort (with a parking pass) and reminding patients (with mailed and telephone reminders) significantly improved appointment keeping for first-time and patient-scheduled appointments. This stu...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Ross LV,Friman PC,Christophersen ER

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated the effectiveness of simplified habit reversal in reducing filled pauses that occur during public speaking. Filled pauses consist of "uh," "um," or "er"; clicking sounds; and misuse of the word "like." After baseline, participants received habit reversal training that consisted of awareness traini...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Mancuso C,Miltenberger RG

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the relation between the procedural components of supported employment programs and employment outcomes for 120 individuals with disabilities. These individuals were involved in supported employment programs established through the Utah Supported Employment Project. The results suggest that success...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： McDonnell J,Nofs D,Hardman M,Chambless C

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used a sequential approach to evaluate the relative and combined effects of different types of behavioral treatments, as well as dosage of methylphenidate (MPH), on the disruptive behavior of 3 students who had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Results showed that individualized behavior...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Gulley V,Northup J,Hupp S,Spera S,LeVelle J,Ridgway A

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence suggests that physical inactivity is prevalent among young children. To combat this, one recommendation for caregivers is to become actively involved in their child's physical activities. However, this general recommendation does not specify how or when a parent should become involved. The purpose of the curr...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Zerger HM,Normand MP,Boga V,Patel RR

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delayed reinforcement techniques were applied, in a multiple baseline experimental design, to modify the behavior of a mildly maladjusted sixth-grade child. The following behaviors were chosen for modification: face-touching, posture, and voice-loudness. Videotape recordings were made of the subject's behavior during ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schwarz ML,Hawkins RP

更新日期：1970-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two studies demonstrated a functional relationship between a peer modeling procedure and the treatment of feeding disorders with 2 young children. In the first experiment, the use of a peer model treatment package was shown to induce swallowing in a child with dysphagia who had never swallowed food or liquid. In the s...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Greer RD,Dorow L,Williams G,McCorkle N,Asnes R

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a BAB design, a token system requiring cooperative interaction was used to change the reading and vocabulary performance of an 18-member class of third-grade hyperactive boys. Four different colored tokens, which could be exchanged for 15 minutes of play on electrovideo games, were earned by successful completio...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Robinson PW,Newby TJ,Ganzell SL

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of using teachers as behavioral observers on both student and teacher behavior was examined with eight teachers and 32 elementary school children. The frequency of prompts (but not praise or criticism) to those students observed by the teacher increased significantly from nonobserver to teacher observed exp...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hay LR,Nelson RO,Hay WM

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Instructive feedback (IF) is a modification to discrete trial instruction that may increase instructional efficiency for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Several variations of IF have recently been evaluated in the literature; however, few studies have assessed the effectiveness and efficiency of presenting ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Nottingham CL,Vladescu JC,DeBar RM,Deshais M,DeQuinzio J

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study reduced the disruptive behaviors of students in two elementary physical education classes: a regular fourth-grade class comprised of 30 students and an alternative education class containing 14 fourth- and fifth-grade boys with severe behavior problems. Using a multiple baseline design, we introduced a modi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： White AG,Bailey JS

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The matching law was used to analyze whether the proportion of shots taken from two- or three-point range would match the proportional reinforcement rates produced by those shots when the reinforcement rate of three-point shooting was changed. Rule changes in 1994 and 1997 altered the distance of the three-point line ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Romanowich P,Bourret J,Vollmer TR

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been little research on the effects of the many procedural variables in applied group contingencies. In the present study, an individualized contingency and three group contingencies with different "responder" criteria (e.g., reward based on the group average, reward based on the work of a designated, low-ac...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Speltz ML,Shimamura JW,McReynolds WT

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various statistics have been proposed as standard methods for calculating and reporting interobserver agreement scores. The advantages and disadvantages of each have been discussed in this journal recently but without resolution. A formula is presented that combines separate measures of occurrence and nonoccurrence pe...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Harris FC,Lahey BB

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of obesity continues to increase in the United States (Gordon-Larsen, The, & Adair, 2010). Obesity can be attributed, in part, to overconsumption of energy-dense foods. Given that overeating plays a role in the development of obesity, interventions that teach individuals to identify and consume appropri...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hausman NL,Borrero JC,Fisher A,Kahng S

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was a replication and extension of research by Foxx, McMorrow, Bittle, and Ness (1986) that assessed generalization effects of a social skills training program on the interactional behavior of adults with developmental disabilities. Target skills were a verbal action or reaction in six skill areas that spec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Pinter-Lalli E,Mace FC,Murphy DM

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a study designed to assess implementation of the classwide peer tutoring program and the relationship between implementation variation and student outcome. A clinical replication design was used. Five volunteer elementary teachers were trained to implement the program; their implementation was monitored f...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Greenwood CR,Terry B,Arreaga-Mayer C,Finney R

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential reinforcement and imitation were used with two retarded children to train three sequential verbal responses associated with the display of a picture and questions related to that picture. Each response consisted of a three-word chain in sentence form; combined with verbal responses from the experimenter, ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Garcia E

更新日期：1974-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed and reduced the tardiness of 4 direct-care staff employed at a school that provides educational services to children with autism. The Performance Diagnostic Checklist - Human Services was administered to participants and their supervisors to identify one or more indicated interventions. Relative to baselin...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Merritt TA,DiGennaro Reed FD,Martinez CE

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mathematical model of operant choice, the generalized matching law was used to analyze play-calling data from the 2004 National Football League season. In all analyses, the relative ratio of passing to rushing plays was examined as a function of the relative ratio of reinforcement, defined as yards gained, from pass...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Reed DD,Critchfield TS,Martens BK

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparative studies of forward and backward chaining have led some to suggest that sensitivity to each teaching procedure may be idiosyncratic across learners and tasks. The purposes of the current study were threefold. First, we assessed differential sensitivity to each chaining procedure within children when present...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Slocum SK,Tiger JH

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss Belke and Spetch's (1994) work on choice between reliable and unreliable reinforcement. The studies by Belke and Spetch extend a line of basic research demonstrating that under certain experimental conditions in a concurrent chains procedure, pigeons prefer an alternative that produces unreliable reinforcem...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Mauro BC

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An attempt was made to vary systematically the behavior of two elementary school teachers to determine the effects on classroom behavior of Rules, Ignoring Inappropriate Behaviors, and showing Approval for Appropriate Behavior. Behaviors of two children in one class and one child in the other class were recorded by ob...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Madsen CH,Becker WC,Thomas DR

更新日期：1968-07-01 00:00:00