Abstract:
:We conducted four experiments using an alternating treatments design to assess the influence of several variables on children's acquisition of number facts during one-on-one flash card instruction. In Experiment 1, we manipulated the order of stimulus presentation; in most cases a higher percentage of correct responses occurred, and mastery criterion was reached in somewhat fewer sessions, when a missed problem was re-presented after the next item than when problems were re-presented in a sequential order. In Experiment 2 a comparison of error-contingent reprimands with no reprimands yielded similar results in favor of the former procedure. Experiment 3 indicated that a higher percentage of correct responses and more rapid acquisition occurred when the tutor and student were seated knee-to-knee than when a desk was positioned between them. Experiment 4 compared the rate of learning in the presence and absence of a treatment package consisting of all three variables identified as leading to more rapid learning in the previous three experiments. Children reached criterion in less than half the time when the treatment package was in effect.
journal_name
J Appl Behav Analjournal_title
Journal of applied behavior analysisauthors
Houten RV,Rolider Adoi
10.1901/jaba.1989.22-111subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-04-01 00:00:00pages
111-8issue
1eissn
0021-8855issn
1938-3703journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Rumination is a serious problem demonstrated by some people with developmental disabilities, but previous research has not included a functional analysis and has rarely compared intervention methods during the assessment process. We conducted functional analyses with 2 children who displayed postmeal rumination and su...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2007.743-747
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major problem in outpatient treatment has been the extreme irregularity with which patients use medication prescribed for them. As a new approach to resolving this problem, a portable operant apparatus was developed based on response priming and escape reinforcement. The apparatus sounded a tone at the time that a p...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1969.2-39
更新日期:1969-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of obesity continues to increase in the United States (Gordon-Larsen, The, & Adair, 2010). Obesity can be attributed, in part, to overconsumption of energy-dense foods. Given that overeating plays a role in the development of obesity, interventions that teach individuals to identify and consume appropri...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.139
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) may result in rates of reinforcement that are impractical for caregivers to implement; therefore, recent research has examined methods for thinning reinforcer delivery during DRA. In this study, reinforcer delivery was thinned during DRA by restricting access to...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2004.37-213
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed and empirically evaluated an instructional program to teach self-advocacy skills to eight young adults with mild handicaps. Participants were taught to discriminate whether or not possible violations of legal rights occurred in socially validated scenarios and, if so, to role-play how to redress rights vi...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1988.21-299
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals may prefer contexts with the option to choose between 2 reinforcing stimuli or between 2 tasks relative to contexts in which others select the same events. We evaluated children's preferences for conditions characterized by (a) the opportunity to choose between tasks and (b) the opportunity to choose betwe...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-503
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Time-out is a common negative punishment procedure in home and school settings. Although prior studies have shown time-out is effective, more research is needed on its effects when implementation is imperfect. We evaluated delays to time-out with 4 preschool children who engaged in some combination of aggression, prop...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.640
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the limited research demonstrating socially valid outcomes of function-based treatments in ecologically relevant environments (Santiago, Hanley, Moore, & Jin, 2016), we replicated and extended the effects of the interview-informed functional analysis and skill-based treatment procedure described by Hanley, Jin,...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.504
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 2 forms of response interruption and redirection (RIRD)-motor RIRD and vocal RIRD-were examined with 4 boys with autism to evaluate further the effects of this intervention and its potential underlying mechanisms. In Experiment 1, the effects of motor RIRD and vocal RIRD on vocal stereotypy and appropri...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2011.44-95
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reanalyzed published studies that reported functional analyses conducted in the presence and absence of medication. In Analysis 1, we assessed the overall effect of psychotropic medication on problem behavior. Medication had a reductive effect in 29 of the 37 sets of functional analyses reviewed. The magnitude of t...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jaba.247
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral researchers play critical, but often unanalyzed, roles in the programs they develop. Unless they replace their key activities with standardized procedures, their continued participation may be essential to program success--a situation that is often not only impractical but may be prohibitively expensive and...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1991.24-667
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reinforcement contingencies and social reinforcement are ubiquitous phenomena in applied behavior analysis. This discussion paper is divided into two sections. In the first section, reinforcement contingencies are discussed in terms of the necessary and sufficient conditions for reinforcement effects. Response-stimulu...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2001.34-241
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three retarded adults who had minimal ability to tell time were trained to "time-manage." Each was given a card with clock face representations on which the hands of the clock were drawn, representing each trainee's assigned lunch and break times. Instruction was given before work to perform each of the required behav...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1980.13-119
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effectiveness of functional communication training (FCT) in reducing self-injurious behavior (SIB) and in shaping an alternative (communicative) response while SIB continued to be reinforced. Following a functional analysis of 3 individuals' SIB, we attempted to teach an alternative response consisting...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1997.30-93
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen moderately and mildly retarded adults were selected from a group residential facility and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a 12-session interpersonal skills training program consisting of instruction in the following areas: (1) Introduction and Small Talk, (...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1901/jaba.1980.13-237
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a study designed to assess implementation of the classwide peer tutoring program and the relationship between implementation variation and student outcome. A clinical replication design was used. Five volunteer elementary teachers were trained to implement the program; their implementation was monitored f...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1992.25-101
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the search for effective and replicable approaches to planned change in communities has escalated. Applied behavior analysts have participated in these efforts to remedy existing community problems and to increase the capacities of community residents to meet their goals. Examples of behavioral techno...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1980.13-505
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A program was designed to teach coin equivalence to mentally retarded adolescents. Coin equivalence was defined as choosing several different combinations of coins to equal specified target values. A pretest-posttest matched-groups design was employed with an experimental group receiving the monetary training, and a n...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-85
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated a contingency management (CM) program in a drug court. Gift certificates for compliance were delivered at 4- to 6-week intervals (total value = $390.00). Participants in one condition earned gift certificates that escalated by $5.00 increments. Participants in a second condition began earning high...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1901/jaba.2008.41-565
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence suggests that physical inactivity is prevalent among young children. To combat this, one recommendation for caregivers is to become actively involved in their child's physical activities. However, this general recommendation does not specify how or when a parent should become involved. The purpose of the curr...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.317
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a multitreatment withdrawal design, this study evaluated the differential effects of publicly posted plus verbal feedback, goal setting plus verbal feedback, and publicly posted feedback, verbal feedback, and goal setting together on the performance of 3 collegiate football players in practice scrimmages. Also a...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2006.5-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descriptive assessment methods have been used in applied settings to identify consequences for problem behavior, thereby aiding in the design of effective treatment programs. Consensus has not been reached, however, regarding the types of data or analytic strategies that are most useful for describing behavior-consequ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2008.41-69
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative studies of forward and backward chaining have led some to suggest that sensitivity to each teaching procedure may be idiosyncratic across learners and tasks. The purposes of the current study were threefold. First, we assessed differential sensitivity to each chaining procedure within children when present...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2011.44-793
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiment sought to develop a practical and effective method for teaching the beginning elements of hand-writing in a Head Start program. The method consisted of reinforcing responses to a writing program by giving the children access to a variety of activities normally available in the pre-school classro...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1970.3-213
更新日期:1970-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three retarded subjects and two developmentally normal toddlers were trained using imitation and reinforcement procedures to use correct sentences. The experimental task was to use sentences with correct subject-verb agreement to describe pictures that were presented to the subjects. Two classes of sentences were taug...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1974.7-447
更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the current study was to examine the degree to which instruction based on stimulus equivalence procedures could be used to teach single-subject design methodology to graduate-level professionals through a Web-based course management system known as Blackboard (see http://www.blackboard.com). Specificall...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2012.45-329
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Appropriate play with toys was studied in two autistic children with high occurrences of self-stimulatory behavior. Each child participated in the experimental sessions in an A-B-A design, where "A" refers to baseline sessions and "B" refers to self-stimulation suppression sessions. It was found that: (a) during the b...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1974.7-521
更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional analyses produced inconclusive results regarding variables that maintained problem behavior for 2 students with developmental disabilities. Procedures were modified to include a contingent physical restraint condition based on in-class observations. Results indicated that tinder conditions in which physical...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2001.34-501
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, a social skills training program for institutionalized mildly or moderately retarded adults was extended to include skills relevant to vocational settings. Target behaviors involving a verbal action or reaction within six skill areas were taught using a commercially available board game, Sorry, and a sp...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1984.17-343
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the quality of observational data is generally evaluated by observer agreement, measures of both observer agreement and accuracy were available in the present study. Videotapes with a criterion protocol were coded by 16 observers. All observers calculated agreement scores both on their own and their partner's...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1981.14-479
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00