Adult attention and interaction can increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in young children.

abstract：:In most social evaluation research it is difficult to achieve the degree of experimental rigor possible in an applied behavioral study. This study illustrates how the evaluation researcher can increase experimental rigor in the analysis of social interventions. In the first evaluation, a variation of the time-series d...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schnelle JF,Kirchner RE,McNees MP,Lawler JM

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appropriate play with toys was studied in two autistic children with high occurrences of self-stimulatory behavior. Each child participated in the experimental sessions in an A-B-A design, where "A" refers to baseline sessions and "B" refers to self-stimulation suppression sessions. It was found that: (a) during the b...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Koegel RL,Firestone PB,Kramme KW,Dunlap G

更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ABAB design was used to assess the effects of a tactile prompting device (i.e., a vibrating pager) as a prompt for the social initiations of 3 children with autism during free-play activities with typically developing peers. Results indicated that the tactile prompt was effective in increasing verbal initiations fo...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Shabani DB,Katz RC,Wilder DA,Beauchamp K,Taylor CR,Fischer KJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although previous research indicates that certain types of attention (i.e., statements related to behavior, tickles) may be differentially reinforcing, only one or two forms of attention are typically provided contingent on problem behavior during the attention condition in experimental functional analyses. In the pre...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Kodak T,Northup J,Kelley ME

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of 12 children were enrolled in a preschool class. During the first experimental stage they participated in special events contingent on token earning. Tokens were acquired by engaging in a variety of study behaviors. After a level of study behavior was established under this contingency, the special events we...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Bushell D,Wrobel PA,Michaelis ML

更新日期：1968-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delayed reinforcement techniques were applied, in a multiple baseline experimental design, to modify the behavior of a mildly maladjusted sixth-grade child. The following behaviors were chosen for modification: face-touching, posture, and voice-loudness. Videotape recordings were made of the subject's behavior during ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schwarz ML,Hawkins RP

更新日期：1970-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study attempted to evaluate experimentally the relationship between two response classes, enuresis and oppositional behavior. One child who had a long history of bed-wetting was observed in his home setting. Parents' reports and initial observations confirmed that the child was oppositional much of the tim...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Nordquist VM

更新日期：1971-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both a small course section and a large course section were taught with methods that involved breaking material down into weekly units that had to be mastered by students as indicated by weekly tests. Attendance at lectures was voluntary and students were not tested on lecture material. In a system in which a student ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Whitehurst GJ

更新日期：1972-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In urban high-density areas, litter has become an increasingly obvious and pervasive problem. In the present study, repeated measures of the amount of litter on randomly selected yards in an urban low-income housing project were used to evaluate the effectiveness of a series of anti-litter procedures directed at the c...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Chapman C,Risley TR

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discrete-trial instruction (DTI) is a behavioral method of teaching young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that has received a significant amount of research support. Because of a lack of qualified trainers in many areas of the world, researchers have recently begun to investigate alternative methods of t...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Higbee TS,Aporta AP,Resende A,Nogueira M,Goyos C,Pollard JS

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data are presented which indicate that lever-pressing behavior of a profoundly retarded child could be reinforced by the contingent application of vibratory stimulation for each response. With vibration available 24 hr per day, no decrement in daily rate of responding for vibration was seen over a three-week period. S...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Bailey J,Meyerson L

更新日期：1969-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This experiment evaluated the effects of training tutors to use an instructional package to teach pronunciation and translation of the Chinese language. Tutors' correct use of the package increased from 68% of trials to 92% after training, and student correct pronunciation increased from 45% to 90%, with similar effec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Wu H,Miller LK

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some individuals with developmental disabilities engage in problem behavior to escape or avoid auditory stimuli. In this study, a 6-year-old boy with autism engaged in severe aggression in the presence of specific sounds. Following an assessment based on the procedures described by McCord, Iwata, Galensky, Ellingson, ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Dupuis DL,Lerman DC,Tsami L,Shireman ML

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotine replacement products are commonly used to promote smoking cessation, but alternative and complementary methods may increase cessation rates. The current experiment compared the short-term effects of a transdermal nicotine patch to voucher-based reinforcement of smoking abstinence on cigarette smoking. Fourtee...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Glenn IM,Dallery J

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss Belke and Spetch's (1994) work on choice between reliable and unreliable reinforcement. The studies by Belke and Spetch extend a line of basic research demonstrating that under certain experimental conditions in a concurrent chains procedure, pigeons prefer an alternative that produces unreliable reinforcem...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Mauro BC

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mathematical model of operant choice, the generalized matching law was used to analyze play-calling data from the 2004 National Football League season. In all analyses, the relative ratio of passing to rushing plays was examined as a function of the relative ratio of reinforcement, defined as yards gained, from pass...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Reed DD,Critchfield TS,Martens BK

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fixed momentary schedules of differential reinforcement of other behavior (FM DRO) generally have been ineffective as treatment for problem behavior. Because most early research on FM DRO included presentation of a signal at the end of the DRO interval, it is unclear whether the limited effects of FM DRO were due to (...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hammond JL,Iwata BA,Fritz JN,Dempsey CM

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of three different presession conditions on tangibly maintained problem behavior for 2 students with autism, using individual-participant multielement designs. First, an analogue functional analysis demonstrated that problem behavior was maintained by access to tangible items. Next, topographie...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： O'Reilly M,Lang R,Davis T,Rispoli M,Machalicek W,Sigafoos J,Lancioni G,Didden R

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An alternating treatment comparison was conducted of the relative effectiveness of oral and total communication training models for teaching expressive labeling skills to three echolalic autistic children. The results of this comparison demonstrated that total communication proved to be the most successful approach wi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Barrera RD,Sulzer-Azaroff B

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Descriptive assessment methods have been used in applied settings to identify consequences for problem behavior, thereby aiding in the design of effective treatment programs. Consensus has not been reached, however, regarding the types of data or analytic strategies that are most useful for describing behavior-consequ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Martens BK,Digennaro FD,Reed DD,Szczech FM,Rosenthal BD

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variability has been shown to be a reinforceable dimension of behavior. One procedure that has been demonstrated to increase variability in basic research is the lag reinforcement schedule. On this type of schedule, a response is reinforced if it differs from a specified number of previous responses. Lag schedules are...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lee R,McComas JJ,Jawor J

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We reanalyzed published studies that reported functional analyses conducted in the presence and absence of medication. In Analysis 1, we assessed the overall effect of psychotropic medication on problem behavior. Medication had a reductive effect in 29 of the 37 sets of functional analyses reviewed. The magnitude of t...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Cox AD,Virues-Ortega J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic reinforcement procedures were used to increase study behavior in the classrooms of three beginning teachers experiencing problems of classroom control. Classroom study rates were recorded during a baseline period. During subsequent experimental periods, the teachers changed one or more reinforcement conting...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hall RV,Panyan M,Rabon D,Broden M

更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) has a long history as a behavioral treatment. The term has usually been defined in a manner that suggests one form of behavior (usually some appropriate alternative) is reinforced, while another form of behavior (usually problem behavior) is placed on extinction...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Vollmer TR,Peters KP,Kronfli FR,Lloveras LA,Ibañez VF

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was a replication and extension of research by Foxx, McMorrow, Bittle, and Ness (1986) that assessed generalization effects of a social skills training program on the interactional behavior of adults with developmental disabilities. Target skills were a verbal action or reaction in six skill areas that spec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Pinter-Lalli E,Mace FC,Murphy DM

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children with developmental disabilities may engage in less frequent and more repetitious language than peers with typical development. Scripts have been used to increase communication by teaching one or more specific statements and then fading the scripts. In the current study, preschoolers with developmental disabil...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Groskreutz MP,Peters A,Groskreutz NC,Higbee TS

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The frequency of social initiations and satisfaction with interactions in three dyads, each consisting of 1 student with disabilities and 1 nondisabled peer, were assessed under two alternating conditions: Condition 1 assessed the interactions around a set of four trained computer games, and Condition 2 assessed inter...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Breen CG,Haring TG

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study reduced the disruptive behaviors of students in two elementary physical education classes: a regular fourth-grade class comprised of 30 students and an alternative education class containing 14 fourth- and fifth-grade boys with severe behavior problems. Using a multiple baseline design, we introduced a modi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： White AG,Bailey JS

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results of previous research on the effects of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) have been inconsistent when magnitude of reinforcement was manipulated. We attempted to clarify the influence of NCR magnitude by including additional controls. In Study 1, we examined the effects of reinforcer consumption time by compari...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Roscoe EM,Iwata BA,Rand MS

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparative studies of forward and backward chaining have led some to suggest that sensitivity to each teaching procedure may be idiosyncratic across learners and tasks. The purposes of the current study were threefold. First, we assessed differential sensitivity to each chaining procedure within children when present...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Slocum SK,Tiger JH

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00