Vibration as a reinforcer with a profoundly retarded child.

abstract：:An investigation was conducted to demonstrate the application of a computerized assessment procedure for determining the preferences of persons with severe handicaps. A computer program was designed to interpret subjects' microswitch activations to produce three distinct types of events (visual, auditory, and tactile)...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Dattilo J

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although typical functional analyses often produce clear outcomes, some studies have reported ambiguous results that cannot be interpreted. Such undifferentiated outcomes may occur if test conditions do not include relevant antecedent or consequent events. Clinicians then may try to modify the functional analysis cond...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schlichenmeyer KJ,Roscoe EM,Rooker GW,Wheeler EE,Dube WV

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes the results of a retrospective review of generalization in the context of social skills research with preschool children. A review of studies from 22 journals (1976 to 1990) that assessed generalization as part of social interaction research provided information concerning the prevalence of studi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Chandler LK,Lubeck RC,Fowler SA

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) involves delivery of reinforcement at the end of an interval during which the target behavior has not occurred. Momentary DRO, however, is a procedure in which reinforcement is delivered if a response did not occur at the end of an interval. We examined the extent to ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Barton LE,Brulle AR,Repp AC

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated a discrete-trials, operant tracking and a descending-series procedure for the determination of hearing levels with profoundly retarded individuals. These individuals were previously diagnosed as untestable. Following stimulus-control training with errorless discrimination procedures, hea...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Woolcock JE,Alferink LA

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this essay, we note that although Iwata, Dorsey, Slifer, Bauman, and Richman (1982) established the standard framework for conducting functional analyses of problem behavior, the term functional analysis was probably first used in behavior analysis by B. F. Skinner in 1948. We also remind readers that a functional ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schlinger HD Jr,Normand MP

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This brief review describes research on rumination treatment that emphasizes functional analysis, recent intervention methods (supplemental feeding, fixed-time stimulus presentation, continuous access to preferred stimulation), clinical implications, and procedural recommendations. ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Luiselli JK

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Competing stimulus assessments (CSAs) are designed to identify stimuli that, when made freely available, reduce problem behavior. Although CSAs have demonstrated utility, identifying competing stimuli can be difficult for some individuals. The current study describes outcomes from an augmented CSA (A-CSA) for 6 consec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hagopian LP,Frank-Crawford MA,Javed N,Fisher AB,Dillon CM,Zarcone JR,Rooker GW

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of functional analysis (FA) methodologies allows the identification of the reinforcers that maintain problem behavior and improved intervention efficacy in the form of function-based treatments. Despite the profound impact of FA on clinical practice and research, questions still remain about the method...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Roane HS,Fisher WW,Kelley ME,Mevers JL,Bouxsein KJ

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the effects of a parent training program consisting of verbal instruction, modeling, and feedback on the affection and responsivity of 3 developmentally handicapped mothers towards their children. The results indicated the following: First, the training package increased maternal physical affection, prais...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Feldman MA,Case L,Rincover A,Towns F,Betel J

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined correspondence between preference assessment outcome and within-session patterns of responding in one subject with autism. Responding maintained by a single highly preferred item resulted in a greater total number of responses, a slower decline in within-session response rates, and a greater proportion of ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Keyl-Austin AA,Samaha AL,Bloom SE,Boyle MA

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children with developmental disabilities may engage in less frequent and more repetitious language than peers with typical development. Scripts have been used to increase communication by teaching one or more specific statements and then fading the scripts. In the current study, preschoolers with developmental disabil...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Groskreutz MP,Peters A,Groskreutz NC,Higbee TS

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delayed prompting can produce errorless discrimination learning. There is inherent in the procedure a disparity in reinforcement density which favors unprompted over prompted responses. We used three schedules of reinforcement to investigate the impact of reinforcement probability on transfer of stimulus control. One ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Touchette PE,Howard JS

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally agreed that serious misbehavior in children should be replaced with socially appropriate behaviors, but few guidelines exist with respect to choosing replacement behaviors. We address this issue in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we developed an assessment method for identifying situations in which b...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Carr EG,Durand VM

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral researchers play critical, but often unanalyzed, roles in the programs they develop. Unless they replace their key activities with standardized procedures, their continued participation may be essential to program success--a situation that is often not only impractical but may be prohibitively expensive and...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Altus DE,Welsh TM,Miller LK

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A child watching an excessive amount of T.V. was provided a behavioral program featuring a token-actuated timer. Earned tokens were used to activate the T.V. for thirty-minute periods. The token-exchange system effectively reduced T.V. viewing and the reductions were maintained at two follow-up points. The principal c...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Jason LA

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fixed momentary schedules of differential reinforcement of other behavior (FM DRO) generally have been ineffective as treatment for problem behavior. Because most early research on FM DRO included presentation of a signal at the end of the DRO interval, it is unclear whether the limited effects of FM DRO were due to (...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hammond JL,Iwata BA,Fritz JN,Dempsey CM

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positive practice overcorrection has been shown to be effective in reducing stereotypic self-stimulatory behaviors displayed by retarded and autistic individuals. In addition, the procedure also may increase the occurrence of appropriate behavior through intensive practice. In the present study, several stereotypic an...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Wells KC,Forehand R,Hickey K,Green KD

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotine replacement products are commonly used to promote smoking cessation, but alternative and complementary methods may increase cessation rates. The current experiment compared the short-term effects of a transdermal nicotine patch to voucher-based reinforcement of smoking abstinence on cigarette smoking. Fourtee...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Glenn IM,Dallery J

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss Belke and Spetch's (1994) work on choice between reliable and unreliable reinforcement. The studies by Belke and Spetch extend a line of basic research demonstrating that under certain experimental conditions in a concurrent chains procedure, pigeons prefer an alternative that produces unreliable reinforcem...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Mauro BC

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effects of variant versus invariant high-probability (high-p) request sequences on the performance of requests to initiate a social bid by young children with emotional-behavioral disorders. In the initial phases of the investigation, a multiple baseline design showed that the delivery of invar...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Davis CA,Reichle J

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We reanalyzed published studies that reported functional analyses conducted in the presence and absence of medication. In Analysis 1, we assessed the overall effect of psychotropic medication on problem behavior. Medication had a reductive effect in 29 of the 37 sets of functional analyses reviewed. The magnitude of t...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Cox AD,Virues-Ortega J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated behavioral skills training (BST), in a multiple baseline across subjects design, for teaching firearm safety skills to 6 6- and 7-year-old children. Similar to previous research with 4- and 5-year-olds, half of the children acquired the safety skills following BST and half acquired the skills foll...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Miltenberger RG,Flessner C,Gatheridge B,Johnson B,Satterlund M,Egemo K

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effectiveness of several behavioral techniques on compliance of college students taking vitamin C on q.i.d. regimen. Compliance was assessed by a new technique using a variation of the urine tracer procedure designed specifically for this study. Subjects were provided vitamin C tablets, with th...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Epstein LH,Masek BJ

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was a replication and extension of research by Foxx, McMorrow, Bittle, and Ness (1986) that assessed generalization effects of a social skills training program on the interactional behavior of adults with developmental disabilities. Target skills were a verbal action or reaction in six skill areas that spec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Pinter-Lalli E,Mace FC,Murphy DM

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A multi-element baseline design combined with a multiple-baseline design, was used to investigate the effect of availability of materials, prizes for participation, and instruction on the leisure behavior of 14 mentally retarded women in a half-way house. A leisure program was conducted on weekday evenings, during whi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Johnson MS,Bailey JS

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual written and verbal performance feedback was examined to determine its influence on the safety with which physically disabled clients were transferred. Two client-transfer techniques were task analyzed and six direct service providers' on-the-job performance was measured weekly. A multiple baseline across se...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Alavosius MP,Sulzer-Azaroff B

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This secondary data analysis examined effects of an abstinence contingency on participation in a therapeutic workplace. Participants exposed to a pay reset after drug use did not differ in overall attendance from participants who were not exposed to a pay reset after drug use; however, they initially worked less after...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Holtyn AF,Silverman K

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patient disruption during dental visits can impede treatment and may result in invasive approaches to care. The current study evaluated the efficacy of graduated exposure with and without extinction to decrease disruption during dental treatment for 4 young men with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Modified functional ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： McConnell KL,Sassi JL,Carr L,Szalwinski J,Courtemanche A,Njie-Jallow F,Cheney WR

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three retarded subjects and two developmentally normal toddlers were trained using imitation and reinforcement procedures to use correct sentences. The experimental task was to use sentences with correct subject-verb agreement to describe pictures that were presented to the subjects. Two classes of sentences were taug...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lutzker JR,Sherman JA

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00