Errorless learning: reinforcement contingencies and stimulus control transfer in delayed prompting.

abstract：:There are many opportunities in a family's daily routine to enrich the interactions among its members. One such opportunity arises at family restaurants. Surveys of restaurant personnel and customers suggested the possibility of enriching family interactions by redesigning indigenous materials such as table placemats....

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Green RB,Hardison WL,Greene BF

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential reinforcement of compliance with teacher invitations to complete a specific academic task was applied to three extremely negativistic children in a special preschool class. For each child, this technique resulted in clear and useful increases in compliance as it was applied. In addition, the technique pro...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Baer AM,Rowbury T,Baer DM

更新日期：1973-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excessive motion makes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) extremely challenging among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The medical risks of sedation establish the need for behavioral interventions to promote motion control among children with ASD undergoing MRI scans. We present a series of experiments aime...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Cox AD,Virues-Ortega J,Julio F,Martin TL

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effectiveness of several behavioral techniques on compliance of college students taking vitamin C on q.i.d. regimen. Compliance was assessed by a new technique using a variation of the urine tracer procedure designed specifically for this study. Subjects were provided vitamin C tablets, with th...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Epstein LH,Masek BJ

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) may result in rates of reinforcement that are impractical for caregivers to implement; therefore, recent research has examined methods for thinning reinforcer delivery during DRA. In this study, reinforcer delivery was thinned during DRA by restricting access to...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Roane HS,Fisher WW,Sgro GM,Falcomata TS,Pabico RR

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results of previous research have shown that individuals with intellectual disabilities usually prefer edible items over leisure items. Other research has shown that sensory (leisure) items facilitate response acquisition and maintenance better than edible items do for individuals with autism. The current studies exam...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Fahmie TA,Iwata BA,Jann KE

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of delayed reinforcement on the responding of individuals with intellectual disabilities. Three conditions were evaluated: (a) food reinforcement, (b) token reinforcement with a postsession exchange opportunity, and (c) token reinforcement with a posttrial exchange opportunity. Within each cond...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Leon Y,Borrero JC,DeLeon IG

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of prior attention was systematically manipulated to study its influence on rates of yelling and head hitting, both maintained by positive reinforcement in the form of attention. Higher levels of head hitting occurred in analogue attention conditions when the person was deprived of attention (no social inte...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： O'Reilly MF

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of a training procedure and two maintenance contingencies on consequence-dispensing behavior were investigated. Four peer behavior managers were trained to supervise small groups of subjects (four to six per group) working in programmed math materials and were compared with a teacher skilled in the use of ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Greenwood CR,Sloane HN,Baskin A

更新日期：1974-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated an indirect method of training 45 institutional direct care staff to conduct behavioral programs. Three supervisors were trained to improve teaching behaviors (instructions, prompts, and consequence) used by the direct care staff while working with severely and profoundly handicapped residents. In...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Page TJ,Iwata BA,Reid DH

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional analyses produced inconclusive results regarding variables that maintained problem behavior for 2 students with developmental disabilities. Procedures were modified to include a contingent physical restraint condition based on in-class observations. Results indicated that tinder conditions in which physical...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Magee SK,Ellis J

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appropriate play with toys was studied in two autistic children with high occurrences of self-stimulatory behavior. Each child participated in the experimental sessions in an A-B-A design, where "A" refers to baseline sessions and "B" refers to self-stimulation suppression sessions. It was found that: (a) during the b...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Koegel RL,Firestone PB,Kramme KW,Dunlap G

更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the efficacy of pictorial self-management to teach daily living skills to 3 low-functioning children with autism. Stimulus and response generalization, stimulus control of self-management materials, and maintenance of behavior change were also assessed. Results showed that children with autism could su...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Pierce KL,Schreibman L

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Each day, people encounter stimuli they find unpleasant. Some children with autism may require systematic instruction to acquire the communication skills necessary to request the termination of such aversive stimuli. We taught 2 school-aged boys with autism a mand (e.g., signing "stop") that could be used to escape a ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Groskreutz NC,Groskreutz MP,Bloom SE,Slocum TA

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-two individuals with developmental disabilities participated in two leisure-item preference assessments, spaced approximately 16 months apart. Results showed (a) an overall increase in item contact across assessments for 13 participants and (b) at least some overlap across assessments in the five most highly ra...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Zhou L,Iwata BA,Goff GA,Shore BA

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a stimulus preference assessment to identify preference for praise delivered in English versus Spanish for bilingual students. Next, a concurrent-operant reinforcer assessment was used to evaluate the reinforcer efficacy of praise in each language. Participants showed limited to no preference for one lang...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Clay CJ,Bloom SE,Slocum TA,Samaha AL,Callard CH

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the effects of a high-probability (high-p) instruction sequence and a fixed-time (FT) schedule of reinforcement on the compliance of 2 typically developing children. A multielement experimental design with a reversal component was implemented according to a multiple baseline across participants arrangement...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Bullock C,Normand MP

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An assessment instrument is presented for the evaluation of the quantity and quality of dyadic interaction, as well as for the daily recording of behaviors presented and omitted which influence marital satisfaction. Comparison of data from ten happy couples and from ten couples entering therapy indicated two distinct ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Williams AM

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been little research on the effects of the many procedural variables in applied group contingencies. In the present study, an individualized contingency and three group contingencies with different "responder" criteria (e.g., reward based on the group average, reward based on the work of a designated, low-ac...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Speltz ML,Shimamura JW,McReynolds WT

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of choice and no choice of reinforcer on the response rates of 3 children with autism were compared across single-operant and concurrent-schedule procedures. No consistent differences in responding between choice and no-choice components emerged during single-operant phases. During the concurrent-schedule ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Geckeler AS,Libby ME,Graff RB,Ahearn WH

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Providing access to choice-making opportunities is a useful addition to behavioral interventions, although the critical features of choice making may differ greatly across individuals. In this study, results of an initial 3-choice concurrent-operants preference assessment with 4 subjects with autism spectrum disorder ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Sellers TP,Bloom SE,Samaha AL,Dayton E,Lambert JM,Keyl-Austin AA

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the impact of choice making on the serious problem behaviors of 3 students with severe autism and/or mental retardation. In the context of within-subject reversal designs, the results showed consistently reduced levels of problem behaviors (e.g., aggression) when the students were given opportuniti...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Dyer K,Dunlap G,Winterling V

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined correspondence between preference assessment outcome and within-session patterns of responding in one subject with autism. Responding maintained by a single highly preferred item resulted in a greater total number of responses, a slower decline in within-session response rates, and a greater proportion of ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Keyl-Austin AA,Samaha AL,Bloom SE,Boyle MA

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mathematical model of operant choice, the generalized matching law was used to analyze play-calling data from the 2004 National Football League season. In all analyses, the relative ratio of passing to rushing plays was examined as a function of the relative ratio of reinforcement, defined as yards gained, from pass...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Reed DD,Critchfield TS,Martens BK

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the relation between the procedural components of supported employment programs and employment outcomes for 120 individuals with disabilities. These individuals were involved in supported employment programs established through the Utah Supported Employment Project. The results suggest that success...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： McDonnell J,Nofs D,Hardman M,Chambless C

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional control of problem behavior is generally conceptualized as involving attention, escape, sensory reinforcement, and tangible factors. Our analytic tools have now reached a level of sophistication that makes possible consideration of several new, emerging themes in the area of functional analysis. First, ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Carr EG

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug versus placebo effects were contrasted with those of contingency management in the treatment of a hyperactive child. Several criterion behaviors were monitored in two different settings to gauge the breadth and generalizability of drug and behavior-management effects. Medication and contingency management effects...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Wulbert M,Dries R

更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 6-year-old nonvocal autistic girl who had acquired over 30 signs as mands (requests), simple intraverbals (English-sign translations), and imitative responses repeatedly failed to acquire a tact (labeling) repertoire. It was speculated that the verbal stimulus "What is that?" blocked the establishment of stimulus co...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Partington JW,Sundberg ML,Newhouse L,Spengler SM

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variability has been shown to be a reinforceable dimension of behavior. One procedure that has been demonstrated to increase variability in basic research is the lag reinforcement schedule. On this type of schedule, a response is reinforced if it differs from a specified number of previous responses. Lag schedules are...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lee R,McComas JJ,Jawor J

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Iwata, Dorsey, Slifer, Bauman, and Richman (1982) presented the first comprehensive and standardized methodology for identifying operant functions of aberrant behavior. This essay discusses the significance functional analysis has had for applied behavior analysis. The methodology has lessened the field's reliance on ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Mace FC

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00