The relative efficacy of methylphenidate (ritalin) and behavior-modification techniques in the treatment of a hyperactive child.

abstract：:Originating in the mid-1960s, functional analysis (FA) has become the gold standard method for understanding the environmental variables that come to shape and maintain problematic behaviors such as aggression, self-injury, and property destruction. Over the decades, a number of studies have refined FA methods, attemp...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Saini V,Fisher WW,Retzlaff BJ,Keevy M

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed and reduced the tardiness of 4 direct-care staff employed at a school that provides educational services to children with autism. The Performance Diagnostic Checklist - Human Services was administered to participants and their supervisors to identify one or more indicated interventions. Relative to baselin...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Merritt TA,DiGennaro Reed FD,Martinez CE

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss Belke and Spetch's (1994) work on choice between reliable and unreliable reinforcement. The studies by Belke and Spetch extend a line of basic research demonstrating that under certain experimental conditions in a concurrent chains procedure, pigeons prefer an alternative that produces unreliable reinforcem...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Mauro BC

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR), a response-independent schedule for the delivery of reinforcement, has been found to be effective in reducing behavior when the reinforcer delivered is responsible for behavioral maintenance. In this study, dense and lean schedules of response-independent attention were compared to d...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hagopian LP,Fisher WW,Legacy SM

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effectiveness of a training package on the social behaviors of 20 hearing-impaired children with severe language disabilities was assessed. The package consisted of initial instruction in role-play situations, reinforcement of appropriate instances of the behaviors, and a correction procedure following inappropria...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Rasing EJ

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three retarded boys served as subjects in a 13-phase experiment. In eight of these phases, the instructions administered by the experimenter before demonstrating a behavior and the consequences for imitative behavior were incongruent (the consequences were not those indicated by the instructions). Consequences rather ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Martin JA

更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the efficacy of an instructional procedure to teach young children with autism to evacuate settings and notify an adult during a fire alarm. A multiple baseline design across children showed that an intervention that included modeling, rehearsal, and praise was effective in teaching fire safety skills. Sa...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Garcia D,Dukes C,Brady MP,Scott J,Wilson CL

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the relation between prevocational preference, as measured by the client's selection of a task object, and the work that followed that choice. After selecting a task object, the clients worked a task previously assessed to be more or less preferred than the one indicated by the object. The resu...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Mithaug DE,Mar DK

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This discussion article considers applied behavior analysis measurement, assessment, and treatment of sleep and sleep-related problems among infants, children, and youth who are typically developing and have neurodevelopmental disabilities. Measurement has concentrated on designing practitioner-implemented methods and...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Luiselli JK

更新日期：2020-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Differentially higher rates of aggression in treatment sessions occurred in the presence of two staff members who had previously worked with the participant at another facility. Adding an edible reinforcer for compliance and the absence of aggression in sessions conducted by these two staff members decreased aggressio...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Progar PR,North ST,Bruce SS,DiNovi BJ,Nau PA,Eberman EM,Bailey JR Jr,Nussbaum CN

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the efficacy of pictorial self-management to teach daily living skills to 3 low-functioning children with autism. Stimulus and response generalization, stimulus control of self-management materials, and maintenance of behavior change were also assessed. Results showed that children with autism could su...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Pierce KL,Schreibman L

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of choice and no choice of reinforcer on the response rates of 3 children with autism were compared across single-operant and concurrent-schedule procedures. No consistent differences in responding between choice and no-choice components emerged during single-operant phases. During the concurrent-schedule ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Geckeler AS,Libby ME,Graff RB,Ahearn WH

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of equivalence-based instruction (EBI) on learning to play individual notes and simple songs on the piano. Participants were 4 typically developing children and 4 children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They were exposed to a series of a...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hill KE,Griffith KR,Miguel CF

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes the results of a retrospective review of generalization in the context of social skills research with preschool children. A review of studies from 22 journals (1976 to 1990) that assessed generalization as part of social interaction research provided information concerning the prevalence of studi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Chandler LK,Lubeck RC,Fowler SA

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was a replication and extension of research by Foxx, McMorrow, Bittle, and Ness (1986) that assessed generalization effects of a social skills training program on the interactional behavior of adults with developmental disabilities. Target skills were a verbal action or reaction in six skill areas that spec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lalli JS,Pinter-Lalli E,Mace FC,Murphy DM

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of an instructional package on public-speaking behaviors was analyzed in two experiments. The instructional package was designed to teach public-speaking trainees to look at the audience, make gestures, and perform a number of speaking behaviors. The results of Experiment I, with a university student servin...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Fawcett SB,Miller LK

更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retarded child was taught to imitate diverse demonstrations made by an experimenter, until new demonstrations were imitated correctly upon first presentation without direct training. These imitations could be maintained without reinforcement, when they were distributed among other reinforced imitations. Factors resp...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Peterson RF

更新日期：1968-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reinforcement contingencies and social reinforcement are ubiquitous phenomena in applied behavior analysis. This discussion paper is divided into two sections. In the first section, reinforcement contingencies are discussed in terms of the necessary and sufficient conditions for reinforcement effects. Response-stimulu...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Vollmer TR,Hackenberg TD

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study evaluated the effects of prompts and incentives on designated drivers in a bar. We defined the dependent variable as the percentage of customers either functioning as or riding with a designated driver. We used an ABCA design to evaluate the effectiveness of prompts and incentives on the dependent va...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Kazbour RR,Bailey JS

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-two individuals with developmental disabilities participated in two leisure-item preference assessments, spaced approximately 16 months apart. Results showed (a) an overall increase in item contact across assessments for 13 participants and (b) at least some overlap across assessments in the five most highly ra...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Zhou L,Iwata BA,Goff GA,Shore BA

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent literature reviews have highlighted the need to better understand the relation between speaker and listener behavior when teaching learners with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The current study used a modified parallel-treatments design to compare directly the degree to which tact and listener behavior emerge...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Delfs CH,Conine DE,Frampton SE,Shillingsburg MA,Robinson HC

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of a prosthetic memory aid on the conversational content and social skills of dyads with dementia were evaluated. Six individuals with moderate to severe dementia served as either subject or partner in dyads during 5-min conversational probes conducted three times per week in day-care and nursing-home sett...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Bourgeois MS

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated procedures for teaching three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder the perspective-taking component skill of tacting what others are sensing across all five senses: see, taste, feel, hear, and smell. Using a multiple baseline across participants design, we evaluated a training package consisti...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Welsh F,Najdowski AC,Strauss D,Gallegos L,Fullen JA

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of a treatment package on the performance of correct relay tags with 4 inline speed skaters. The treatment package included verbal praise following correct tags, visual feedback of performance data, and instruction for improving performance. Initial gains in the frequency of correct tags we...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Anderson G,Kirkpatrick MA

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A multi-element baseline design combined with a multiple-baseline design, was used to investigate the effect of availability of materials, prizes for participation, and instruction on the leisure behavior of 14 mentally retarded women in a half-way house. A leisure program was conducted on weekday evenings, during whi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Johnson MS,Bailey JS

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The procedures described by Sloman et al. (2005) were extended to an analysis of teachers' responses to problem behavior after they had been taught to withhold potential sources of positive and negative reinforcement following instances of problem behavior. Results were consistent with those reported previously, sugge...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Addison L,Lerman DC

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of three different presession conditions on tangibly maintained problem behavior for 2 students with autism, using individual-participant multielement designs. First, an analogue functional analysis demonstrated that problem behavior was maintained by access to tangible items. Next, topographie...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： O'Reilly M,Lang R,Davis T,Rispoli M,Machalicek W,Sigafoos J,Lancioni G,Didden R

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We attempted to increase one aspect of self-determination among 3 supported workers with multiple disabilities. Following Baer's (1998) self-determination conceptualization, the workers were exposed to two conditions that involved working more versus less independently based on availability of assistive devices. Next,...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Reid DH,Parsons MB,Green CW,Browning LB

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study provided six behaviorally handicapped elementary school students with a short-term resource treatment to bring their behavior under the control of a combination of treatment procedures emphasizing self-evaluation. Once acceptable levels of appropriate behavior were maintained with only minimal external rein...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Rhode G,Morgan DP,Young KR

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, the search for effective and replicable approaches to planned change in communities has escalated. Applied behavior analysts have participated in these efforts to remedy existing community problems and to increase the capacities of community residents to meet their goals. Examples of behavioral techno...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Fawcett SB,Mathews RM,Fletcher RK

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00