Comparison of edible and leisure reinforcers.

abstract：:We examined the effects of a negative reinforcement-based treatment on the self-feeding of 1 child with food selectivity by type and texture. Self-feeding increased when the child could choose to either self-feed 1 bite of a target food or be fed 1 bite of the target food and 5 bites of another food. Possible mechanis...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Vaz PC,Volkert VM,Piazza CC

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR), a response-independent schedule for the delivery of reinforcement, has been found to be effective in reducing behavior when the reinforcer delivered is responsible for behavioral maintenance. In this study, dense and lean schedules of response-independent attention were compared to d...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hagopian LP,Fisher WW,Legacy SM

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of delayed reinforcement on the responding of individuals with intellectual disabilities. Three conditions were evaluated: (a) food reinforcement, (b) token reinforcement with a postsession exchange opportunity, and (c) token reinforcement with a posttrial exchange opportunity. Within each cond...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Leon Y,Borrero JC,DeLeon IG

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated variables that may influence the generalization of a replacement mand in 3 young children with severe language delays. A multiple baseline design consisting of one stimulus class of manding opportunities that we arbitrarily divided into three categories (i.e., food, toys, and events) was used for each ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Drasgow E,Halle JW,Ostrosky MM

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) plus prompting to increase peer-directed mands for preferred items using a picture exchange communication system (PECS). Two nonvocal individuals with autism participated. Independent mands with a peer increased with the implementation of DRA plus p...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Paden AR,Kodak T,Fisher WW,Gawley-Bullington EM,Bouxsein KJ

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of equivalence-based instruction (EBI) on learning to play individual notes and simple songs on the piano. Participants were 4 typically developing children and 4 children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They were exposed to a series of a...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hill KE,Griffith KR,Miguel CF

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the impact of choice making on the serious problem behaviors of 3 students with severe autism and/or mental retardation. In the context of within-subject reversal designs, the results showed consistently reduced levels of problem behaviors (e.g., aggression) when the students were given opportuniti...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Dyer K,Dunlap G,Winterling V

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some readers will view the article by Lerman and Vorndran as controversial. It is a review of existing basic and applied research on punishment and a call for additional research on punishment. The thesis of my commentary is that the paper should not be viewed as controversial. Punishment happens. To ignore a natural ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Vollmer TR

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effects of presession attention on the acquisition of tacts (Experiment 1) and intraverbals (Experiment 2) in children diagnosed with autism. Each participant experienced 3 conditions. In the first 2 conditions, participants experienced a 15-min interval of either presession attention (PA) or n...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Cengher M,Fienup DM

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A program was designed to teach coin equivalence to mentally retarded adolescents. Coin equivalence was defined as choosing several different combinations of coins to equal specified target values. A pretest-posttest matched-groups design was employed with an experimental group receiving the monetary training, and a n...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Trace MW,Cuvo AJ,Criswell JL

更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared immediate and delayed error correction during sight-word instruction with 5 students with developmental disabilities. Whole-word error correction immediately followed each error for words in the immediate condition. In the delayed condition, whole-word error correction was provided at the end of each sessi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Barbetta PM,Heward WL,Bradley DM,Miller AD

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Covariation within behavior repertoires of problem children were examined. Two boys, referred for psychological help, were observed both at school and at home for about 3 yr. A coded observation system permitted scoring of 19 child-behavior categories and six social-environment categories. After a two-month baseline, ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Wahler RG

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has evaluated contrived motivating operations to teach mands for information. However, literature evaluating acquisition of the mand when? is comparatively limited. As an extension of Shillingsburg, Bowen, Valentino, & Pierce (2014), we taught three children with autism to engage in mands for informa...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Landa RK,Hansen B,Alice Shillingsburg M

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A self-evaluation program was implemented with a kindergarten-aged boy in the home to increase compliance with parent instructions and decrease inappropriate verbal behavior. The self-evaluation package included the child's assessing the appropriateness of his behavior in 5-min intervals, receiving chips for positive ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： O'Brien TP,Riner LS,Budd KS

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of 12 children were enrolled in a preschool class. During the first experimental stage they participated in special events contingent on token earning. Tokens were acquired by engaging in a variety of study behaviors. After a level of study behavior was established under this contingency, the special events we...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Bushell D,Wrobel PA,Michaelis ML

更新日期：1968-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Researchers have identified an unbalanced diet as a key risk factor in the etiology of many chronic diseases (World Health Organization, ). Although researchers have found that numerous factors influence children's food choices, no assessment exists to identify these factors. In Experiment 1, we established preliminar...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Zonneveld KLM,Neidert PL,Dozier CL,Gureghian DL,Bayles MW

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The procedures described by Sloman et al. (2005) were extended to an analysis of teachers' responses to problem behavior after they had been taught to withhold potential sources of positive and negative reinforcement following instances of problem behavior. Results were consistent with those reported previously, sugge...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Addison L,Lerman DC

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a sequence of three single-digit (1 digit x 1 digit) multiplication problems on the latency to initiate multiple-digit (3 digit x 3 digit) multiplication problems for 2 students in an alternative education school. Data showed that (a) during the preference assess...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Belfiore PJ,Lee DL,Vargas AU,Skinner CH

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of prompting and social reinforcement directed to target subjects on their social behavior and that of peers who never received prompting and reinforcement for positive social behavior, were examined. In a combined reversal and multiple-baseline design, three behaviorally handicapped preschool boys who exh...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Strain PS,Shores RE,Kerr MM

更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study extends the literature on the assessment and treatment of rumination through the evaluation of a combined reinforcement- and punishment-based intervention. The study included a single participant with a history of rumination maintained by automatic reinforcement, as identified via a functional analys...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： DeRosa NM,Roane HS,Bishop JR,Silkowski EL

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental evaluations of behavioral staff management procedures usually have been limited to relatively small-scale demonstration studies. We evaluated a large-scale, long-term application of a staff management program designed to improve the functional utility of educational services for severely handicapped perso...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Parsons MB,Schepis MM,Reid DH,McCarn JE,Green CW

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated a contingency management (CM) program in a drug court. Gift certificates for compliance were delivered at 4- to 6-week intervals (total value = $390.00). Participants in one condition earned gift certificates that escalated by $5.00 increments. Participants in a second condition began earning high...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Marlowe DB,Festinger DS,Dugosh KL,Arabia PL,Kirby KC

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results of previous research on the effects of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) have been inconsistent when magnitude of reinforcement was manipulated. We attempted to clarify the influence of NCR magnitude by including additional controls. In Study 1, we examined the effects of reinforcer consumption time by compari...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Roscoe EM,Iwata BA,Rand MS

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When problem behavior is controlled by a synthesized reinforcement contingency, a simple omnibus mand that yields access to all reinforcers simultaneously has been shown to effectively replace problem behavior. The question arises as to whether teaching an omnibus mand will preclude the acquisition of specifying mands...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Ward SN,Hanley GP,Warner CA,Gage EE

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many early intervention curricular manuals recommend teaching auditory-visual conditional discriminations (i.e., receptive labeling) using the simple-conditional method in which component simple discriminations are taught in isolation and in the presence of a distracter stimulus before the learner is required to respo...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Grow LL,Carr JE,Kodak TM,Jostad CM,Kisamore AN

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elopement is a dangerous behavior because children who run away may encounter life-threatening situations (e.g., traffic). We conducted functional analyses of the elopement of 3 children who had been diagnosed with developmental disabilities. The results identified a maintaining reinforcer for the elopement of 1 child...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Piazza CC,Hanley GP,Bowman LG,Ruyter JM,Lindauer SE,Saiontz DM

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a BAB design, a token system requiring cooperative interaction was used to change the reading and vocabulary performance of an 18-member class of third-grade hyperactive boys. Four different colored tokens, which could be exchanged for 15 minutes of play on electrovideo games, were earned by successful completio...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Robinson PW,Newby TJ,Ganzell SL

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent literature reviews have highlighted the need to better understand the relation between speaker and listener behavior when teaching learners with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The current study used a modified parallel-treatments design to compare directly the degree to which tact and listener behavior emerge...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Delfs CH,Conine DE,Frampton SE,Shillingsburg MA,Robinson HC

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three supervisors of integrated preschools were trained in a collaborative team approach to encourage resource and classroom teachers to develop strategies that promote peer interaction of all children, including children with disabilities. The focus of classroom teachers' behaviors and the interactive play of childre...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hundert J,Hopkins B

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes the results of a retrospective review of generalization in the context of social skills research with preschool children. A review of studies from 22 journals (1976 to 1990) that assessed generalization as part of social interaction research provided information concerning the prevalence of studi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Chandler LK,Lubeck RC,Fowler SA

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00