Variant and invariant high-probability requests: increasing appropriate behaviors in children with emotional-behavioral disorders.

abstract：:The Florida Department of Transportation used a series of changeable-message signs that functioned as freeway guide signs to divert traffic to Universal Theme Park via one of two eastbound exits based on traffic congestion at the first of the two exits. An examination of crashes along the entire route indicated a stat...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Van Houten R,Malenfant JE,Zhao N,Ko B,Van Houten J

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pouched rats were employed as mine-detection animals in a quality-control application where they searched for mines in areas previously processed by a mechanical tiller. The rats located 58 mines and fragments in this 28,050-m(2) area with a false indication rate of 0.4 responses per 100 m(2) . Humans with metal detec...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Edwards TL,Cox C,Weetjens B,Tewelde T,Poling A

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delayed prompting can produce errorless discrimination learning. There is inherent in the procedure a disparity in reinforcement density which favors unprompted over prompted responses. We used three schedules of reinforcement to investigate the impact of reinforcement probability on transfer of stimulus control. One ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Touchette PE,Howard JS

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In three experiments, we compared the effects of instructional arrangements that varied in: teacher versus peer mediators, methods used, levels of student academic responding generated, and content taught and tested. Instructional arrangements (i.e., tasks, structure, teacher position, teacher behavior) and students' ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Greenwood CR,Dinwiddie G,Terry B,Wade L,Stanley SO,Thibadeau S,Delquadri JC

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-restraint and self-injurious behavior (SIB) are two responses that can sometimes be members of the same functional response class (i.e., maintained by the same contingency). In such cases, a single treatment should be effective for both responses. In this investigation, we examined the effects of providing attent...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Derby KM,Fisher WW,Piazza CC

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biomotometer, an electronic device which simultaneously measures motor activity and provides auditory feedback, was used in combination with material reinforcers in an experiment to reduce children's activity level in a classroom setting. Subjects were nine boys and two girls, aged 9--13, from a day hospital progr...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schulman JL,Suran BG,Stevens TM,Kupst MJ

更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a sequence of three single-digit (1 digit x 1 digit) multiplication problems on the latency to initiate multiple-digit (3 digit x 3 digit) multiplication problems for 2 students in an alternative education school. Data showed that (a) during the preference assess...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Belfiore PJ,Lee DL,Vargas AU,Skinner CH

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-two individuals with developmental disabilities participated in two leisure-item preference assessments, spaced approximately 16 months apart. Results showed (a) an overall increase in item contact across assessments for 13 participants and (b) at least some overlap across assessments in the five most highly ra...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Zhou L,Iwata BA,Goff GA,Shore BA

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study evaluated the effects of instructive feedback embedded within a group discrete trial teaching to teach tact relations to nine children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder using a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design. Dependent variables included correct responses for: primary targets (directly ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Leaf JB,Cihon JH,Alcalay A,Mitchell E,Townley-Cochran D,Miller K,Leaf R,Taubman M,McEachin J

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous recommendations to employ occurrence, nonoccurrence, and overall estimates of interobserver reliability for interval data are reviewed. A rationale for comparing obtained reliability to reliability that would result from a random-chance model is explained. Formulae and graphic functions are presented to allow...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hopkins BL,Hermann JA

更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children with feeding disorders may pack food when they lack the oral-motor skills, the motivation, or both to swallow. Presenting bites on the tongue with a Nuk brush, or redistribution, replacing packed food on the tongue, are two treatments whose relative efficacy is untested. In the current study, we compared the ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Milnes SM,Piazza CC,Ibañez VF,Kozisek JM

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated the effectiveness of simplified habit reversal in reducing filled pauses that occur during public speaking. Filled pauses consist of "uh," "um," or "er"; clicking sounds; and misuse of the word "like." After baseline, participants received habit reversal training that consisted of awareness traini...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Mancuso C,Miltenberger RG

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effectiveness of a training package on the social behaviors of 20 hearing-impaired children with severe language disabilities was assessed. The package consisted of initial instruction in role-play situations, reinforcement of appropriate instances of the behaviors, and a correction procedure following inappropria...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Rasing EJ

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed and reduced the tardiness of 4 direct-care staff employed at a school that provides educational services to children with autism. The Performance Diagnostic Checklist - Human Services was administered to participants and their supervisors to identify one or more indicated interventions. Relative to baselin...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Merritt TA,DiGennaro Reed FD,Martinez CE

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare two methods designed to produce tic reduction in 4 children with Tourette's syndrome. Specifically, a verbal instruction not to engage in tics was compared to a verbal instruction plus differential reinforcement of zero-rate behavior (DRO). Results showed that the DRO-enhanced ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Woods DW,Himle MB

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional control of problem behavior is generally conceptualized as involving attention, escape, sensory reinforcement, and tangible factors. Our analytic tools have now reached a level of sophistication that makes possible consideration of several new, emerging themes in the area of functional analysis. First, ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Carr EG

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a brief functional analysis to identify maintaining variable for aggressive behavior and an alternative replacement response during a 90-min outpatient evaluation of 3 individuals with severe handicaps. During the initial analogue assessment, which focused on identifying maintaining contingencies for aggr...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Northup J,Wacker D,Sasso G,Steege M,Cigrand K,Cook J,DeRaad A

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined mentally retarded individuals' use of picture cues and self-monitoring to initiate a series of tasks of varying type and order. Four severely to moderately retarded high school students participating in a vocational training program were trained to use a picture-cue system. The system consisted of photogra...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Sowers J,Verdi M,Bourbeau P,Sheehan M

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral researchers play critical, but often unanalyzed, roles in the programs they develop. Unless they replace their key activities with standardized procedures, their continued participation may be essential to program success--a situation that is often not only impractical but may be prohibitively expensive and...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Altus DE,Welsh TM,Miller LK

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has evaluated contrived motivating operations to teach mands for information. However, literature evaluating acquisition of the mand when? is comparatively limited. As an extension of Shillingsburg, Bowen, Valentino, & Pierce (2014), we taught three children with autism to engage in mands for informa...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Landa RK,Hansen B,Alice Shillingsburg M

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A single-subject ABA reversal design was applied to evaluate the effectiveness of a limited 8-s safety belt reminder system and two modified reminder systems (a delayed and second reminder) to increase the safety belt use of 13 drivers. The research was conducted with a specially equipped research vehicle that permitt...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Berry TD,Geller ES

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The value of token reinforcement in the instatement and shaping of fluency was examined in an intensive treatment program for adult stutterers. Experiment 1 examined the effect of removing the tangible back-up reinforcers for the token system and found that clients' performance in the program was equally good with or ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Howie PM,Woods CL

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We systematically manipulated two prior classroom conditions to explore their effects on performance under analogue assessments for a 7-year-old girl with severe intellectual disabilities who exhibited aggressive behavior. Results demonstrated consistently higher levels of aggression during demand analogue conditions ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： O'Reilly MF,Carey Y

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the extent to which variations in session duration affected the outcomes of functional analyses. Forty-six individuals, all diagnosed with mental retardation and referred for assessment and treatment of self-injurious or aggressive behavior, participated in functional analyses, consisting of repeated expos...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Wallace MD,Iwata BA

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compared the relative efficacy of providing simultaneous or delayed reinforcement on food acceptance during meals. The participant was a 7 year-old boy with pervasive developmental disorder and a history of food selectivity. Results indicated that both procedures were effective in increasing acceptance; how...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Kern L,Marder TJ

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Instructive feedback (IF) is a modification to discrete trial instruction that may increase instructional efficiency for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Several variations of IF have recently been evaluated in the literature; however, few studies have assessed the effectiveness and efficiency of presenting ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Nottingham CL,Vladescu JC,DeBar RM,Deshais M,DeQuinzio J

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present experiments examined the effect of work requirements in combination with reinforcement schedule on the choice behavior of adults with mental retardation and preschool children. The work requirements of age-appropriate tasks (i.e., sorting silverware, jumping hurdles, tossing beanbags) were manipulated. Par...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Cuvo AJ,Lerch LJ,Leurquin DA,Gaffaney TJ,Poppen RL

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A conventional litter receptacle (55-gallon drum) and a specially designated receptacle consisting of a 55-gallon drum adorned with a plywood "har" were alternated in two areas of a football stadium over a period of four games. A frequency count of several types of litter articles showed that more than twice as many i...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： O'Neill GW,Blanck LS,Joyner MA

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a study designed to assess implementation of the classwide peer tutoring program and the relationship between implementation variation and student outcome. A clinical replication design was used. Five volunteer elementary teachers were trained to implement the program; their implementation was monitored f...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Greenwood CR,Terry B,Arreaga-Mayer C,Finney R

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An alternating treatment comparison was conducted of the relative effectiveness of oral and total communication training models for teaching expressive labeling skills to three echolalic autistic children. The results of this comparison demonstrated that total communication proved to be the most successful approach wi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Barrera RD,Sulzer-Azaroff B

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00