Abstract:
:The value of token reinforcement in the instatement and shaping of fluency was examined in an intensive treatment program for adult stutterers. Experiment 1 examined the effect of removing the tangible back-up reinforcers for the token system and found that clients' performance in the program was equally good with or without these back-up reinforcers, suggesting that a strict token economy may not be crucial to rapid progress through treatment. Experiment 2 compared contingent and noncontingent taken reinforcement, while controlling for some variables that may have confounded the results of earlier research, and found no difference in clients' performance. Experiment 3 examined the effect of the entire removal of token reinforcement. Performance was found to be no worse under a "no tokens" system than under a system of tokens with back-up reinforcers. It is argued that in a highly structured treatment program where many other reinforcers are operating, token reinforcement may be largely redundant. Clinical and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.
journal_name
J Appl Behav Analjournal_title
Journal of applied behavior analysisauthors
Howie PM,Woods CLdoi
10.1901/jaba.1982.15-55subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-04-01 00:00:00pages
55-64issue
1eissn
0021-8855issn
1938-3703journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We investigated the efficacy of pictorial self-management to teach daily living skills to 3 low-functioning children with autism. Stimulus and response generalization, stimulus control of self-management materials, and maintenance of behavior change were also assessed. Results showed that children with autism could su...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1994.27-471
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1973.6-1
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1982.15-415
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2000.33-545
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1980.13-119
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2006.5-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1986.19-277
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.430
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2001.34-341
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1968.1-225
更新日期:1968-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.267
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2002.35-469
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.657
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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