Abstract：
:In recent years, concern about possible female reproductive and developmental toxicity due to environmental contaminants, such as PCBs, has been growing. Because this area of toxicology had not been emphasized prior to this time, there are many gaps in current knowledge about female developmental and reproductive toxicology and only a limited number of validated tests to assay effects of toxicants on various parts of the reproductive and developmental cycle. This article reviews the current state of knowledge on this topic and also explores a variety of techniques for assessing female reproductive and developmental toxicity. These include an assay of the state of intercellular communication among the embryo, fetus and placenta; protocols for assessing toxicity in early pregnancy; and techniques for evaluating the role of glutathione in protecting the conceptus from xenobiotics.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Kamrin MA,Carney EW,Chou K,Cummings A,Dostal LA,Harris C,Henck JW,Loch-Caruso R,Miller RKdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(94)90089-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-11-01 00:00:00pages
99-119issue
2eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(94)90089-2journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The purpose of the study was to investigate the neurotoxic effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the properties of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in rat's hippocampal slices using whole-cell patch clamp technique. The amplitude and frequency of excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) were accessed on...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.036
更新日期：2014-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneous neoplasms in untreated control CD-1 mice (725 males and 725 females) used in carcinogenicity studies were evaluated and tabulated. The most common neoplasms in male mice were alveolar-bronchiolar adenomas (19.3%) followed by hepatocellular adenomas (11.0%), lymphoreticular neoplasms (6.8%), hepatocellular ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(92)90064-q
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate mechanisms of neuronal cell death in response to chlorpyrifos (CPF), a pesticide, we evaluated the regulation of ROS and COX-2 in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells treated with CPF. CPF treatment produced cytotoxic effects that appeared to involve an increase in ROS. In addition, CPF treatment activated...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.02.003
更新日期：2013-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although thousands of different chemicals have been identified in cigarette smoke, the characterization of their urinary metabolites still requires significant research. The aim of this work was to perform an untargeted metabolomic approach to a pilot cross-sectional study conducted on subjects with differen...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.03.020
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last twenty years research has provided an important insight into the mechanisms responsible for the immunotoxicity of both local and systemic adverse reactions following the use of immunostimulating drugs and adjuvants. In this article we provide an update of the present knowledge relating to the various par...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.03.001
更新日期：2011-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure of C57Bl mice to 10 ppm benzene (the current occupational exposure limit) for 6 h/day, 5 days/week causes a progressive depression in the in vitro colony forming ability of one of the erythroid progenitor cells, the colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E). Colony growth of cells from exposed mice was only 5% of...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(84)90169-3
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dietary ethoxyquin (EQ) and methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) protected 6-8-month-old wethers from toxic doses of bitterweed (Hymenoxys odorata DC.). The EQ-MHA group received sweet feed (corn, oats, dehydrated alfalfa pellets, cane molasses and minerals), 500 g/day/sheep, supplemented with EQ and MHA (0.5% and 1.0% of ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(83)90005-x
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effect of sublethal concentrations (0.0083, 0.0055, 0.0041, 0.0033 and 0.0028 mg/l) of sodium penta-chlorophenate (Na-PCP) on the enzymes SDH, PDH and LDH in brain, liver and gills of Notopterus notopterus after 15 ad 30 days exposure were studied. SDH and PDH were inhibited, and LDH were stimulated significantly at m...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(82)90091-1
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various hypotheses on the origin of cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist, including that CSCs develop from transformed human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC). Since the polyether antibiotic salinomycin selectively kills CSCs, the present study aims to elucidate the effects of salinomycin on normal hBMSC. The immun...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.02.001
更新日期：2013-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The people studied were male volunteers without occupational and dietary exposure to PAH: 27 smokers (10 cigarettes or more) and 27 non-smokers matched for age and socio-professional category. For each person, all the 24h voided urine samples were reassembled in a single sample. 1-Hydroxypyrene (1-OHPy) and 3-hydroxyb...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.09.019
更新日期：2006-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Breathing pattern and lung mechanical parameters were measured in 7 female Wistar rats (ca. 200 g) during exposure to 1.0 (n = 5) or 1.3 (n = 2) ppm ozone in air for 2 h and during a 2-h post-exposure observation period. Changes in breathing pattern showed a gradual decrease from 3 to 2 Hz at constant minute ventilati...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(94)90036-1
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice given single i.v. doses of some radiopharmaceuticals containing stannous chloride as a reducing agent, showed significant inhibition of hepatic azo-reductase and aromatic hydroxylase activity at dose levels which contained as little as 0.2 mg/kg of stannous chloride. Cytochrome P-450 content was also reduced sign...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(83)90105-4
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of lead exposure have been studied upon the behavioural and diuretic responses to the kappa-opioid receptor agonist U-50488H in neonatal rats. Lead was administered in the maternal drinking water (100, 300 and 1000 ppm) from conception to postnatal day 14. The hyperactivity, wall climbing behaviours and di...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(90)90248-k
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycotoxins and heavy metals are ubiquitous in the environment and contaminate many foods. The widespread use of pesticides in crop production to control disease contributes further to the chemical contamination of foods. Thus multiple chemical contaminants threaten the safety of many food commodities; hence the presen...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.07.006
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hormonally active chemicals in the human diet, such as man-made estrogenic chemicals or plant-derived compounds (phytoestrogens), have become a matter of public concern. A significant part of human exposure to phytoestrogens is attributable to soy isoflavones. Besides their estrogenic properties, soy isoflavones also ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.005
更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The E-rosetting profiles of T-cells were studied in 47 subjects with a history of poly-drug and alcohol abuse, and compared with 15 normal controls. No change was evident in numbers of total rosette-forming cells (TRFC). However, there was reduction in active and high-affinity rosette-forming cells (ARFC and HARFC). T...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(91)90208-n
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of tri- and hexavalent chromium after intraperitoneal administration for 5 consecutive days on testicular histopathology and epididymal sperm number was assessed. Treatment with hexavalent chromium induced testicular atrophy and a reduction in epididymal sperm number after 60 days. No effect was seen after ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(90)90069-x
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative damage plays a key role in septic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is known to enhance the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, biochemical parameters indicative of oxidative stress were tested in the rat heart following LPS challenge, with and without pretreatment with t...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00369-1
更新日期：2001-08-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Vinyl acetate exposure in drinking water has been associated with tumor formation in the upper gastrointestinal tract of rats and mice. One potential mechanism for inducing carcinogenesis involves acidification of the intracellular environment due to the metabolism of vinyl acetate to acetic acid. Prolonged intracellu...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.03.002
更新日期：2005-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Olefinic hydrocarbons are metabolized in vivo by cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases to the corresponding epoxides. The maximum in vivo metabolic rate, which is an important toxicokinetic parameter, has been used to define the apparent rate constant (kapp) describing in vivo metabolic reactivity of alkenes. To de...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(94)03174-6
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isolated, perfused and ventilated guinea-pig lungs were exposed for 10 min to acid (sulphuric + nitric acid) aerosol mimicking acid rain at pH 4.5 or 2.5, as well as to a control distilled water aerosol (pH 6.0-6.5). Lung perfusing solution was recovered and thromboxane (TX) B2 and leukotriene (LT) B4 were measured by...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(87)90262-1
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Ethanol intake can increase the sedative effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate/gamma-butyrolactone (GHB/GBL), although the real clinical impact is unknown. We studied the clinical impact of the co-ingestion of ethanol in patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with acute toxicity related to GHB/GBL us...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.07.001
更新日期：2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Iron is a unique poison because it is not a xenobiotic. It is an essential element and highly reactive. Because of the critical dependence upon iron and its potential to damage tissues, elaborate mechanisms have evolved for its efficient absorption, transport, cellular uptake, storage and conservation. These are incom...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00279-3
更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanolamine, a positively charged hydrophilic component of the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) which is also a precursor of phosphatidylcholine (PC), enhances the repair processes 24 h after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication of mouse liver. Ethanolamine quickly reduced aminotransferase activity released in the s...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(97)00112-4
更新日期：1998-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term excessive intake of fluoride (F) could lead to chronic fluorosis. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, present study is designed to elucidate the effect of fluoride on proteome expression of bone in sodium fluoride (NaF)-treated SD rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to determine t...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.006
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the major side effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics (AG) is ototoxicity. The authors review the literature revealing many controversies on every aspect of this side-effect. Although epidemiological studies have to face the problem of reliable evaluation techniques, the incidence of cochleo- and vestibulotoxic ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(90)90033-i
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased glutamate release is associated with serious neurological disorders such as epilepsy, stroke, Alzheimer's disease and other brain injuries. Excessive glutamate release and subsequent glutamatergic neuronal stimulation increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn induce oxidative st...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00233-1
更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution and acute lethality of i.v. administered 3 micrometers latex spheres were determined in rats. The results extend previous studies demonstrating the similarity between dog and rat in the dynamics of microspheres in these species and the inverse relationship between sphere diameter and hemodynamic toxic...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(81)90035-7
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) influences sympathetic nerve activity, serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activities were analyzed in 84 male workers exposed to TCE and 83 male age-matched controls. The workers were exposed to about 22 ppm TCE in air. There were no significant ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(90)90187-q
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular epidemiologic research involves the identification of relations between previous exposure to some putative causative agent and subsequent biological effects in a cluster of individuals in populations. There is intensive current research in the field of molecular epidemiology, and this research has a direct i...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(95)03594-x
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
