Multi-walled carbon nanotube inhibits CA1 glutamatergic synaptic transmission in rat's hippocampal slices.

abstract：:Fusarenon-X (FX), a type B trichothecene mycotoxin, is mainly produced by Fusarium crookwellense, which occurs naturally in agricultural commodities, such as wheat and barley. FX has been shown to exert a variety of toxic effects on multiple targets in vitro. However, the embryonic toxicity of FX in vivo remains uncle...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sutjarit S,Nakayama SM,Ikenaka Y,Ishizuka M,Banlunara W,Rerkamnuaychoke W,Kumagai S,Poapolathep A

更新日期：2014-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) has one of the highest production volumes of all chemicals worldwide. It has been widely studied because of its endocrine modulating activity. In addition to dietary intake, absorption of BPA via the skin from handling thermal papers is believed to be a relevant route of exposure. We studied BPA expo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Porras SP,Heinälä M,Santonen T

更新日期：2014-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Lithocholic acid (LCA) is both a secondary bile acid and a vitamin D receptor (VDR) ligand. The VDR is activated by 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and plays an important role in maintaining integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. LCA can also substitute for vitamin D to carry out the in vivo functions of vitamin D. Ho...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yao B,He J,Yin X,Shi Y,Wan J,Tian Z

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In present study, we compared for the first time the cytotoxicities of the 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells HPAEpiC. Moreover, we examined the effects of each PAH on oxidative stress (SOD, GSH, and ROS), cell viability, extracellular LDH, and apoptosis. T...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ke S,Liu Q,Yao Y,Zhang X,Sui G

更新日期：2018-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Propylene oxide (PO) concentrations >or=300 ppm induced cell proliferation and tumors in rat nasal respiratory epithelium (NRE). Cell proliferation was suggested to result from depletion of glutathione (GSH) in NRE. In order to substantiate this hypothesis, cell proliferation - measured by bromodeoxyuridine incorporat...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Khan MD,Klein D,Mossbrugger I,Oesterle D,Csanády GA,Quintanilla-Martinez L,Filser JG

更新日期：2009-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The tobacco smoking habit interferes with the innate host defence system against infections. Recurrent infections accelerated the functional respiratory decline. The present study assessed the effects of ceftaroline on TLR2 and TLR4 and on pro-inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells (16HBE cell line and prim...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pace E,Ferraro M,Di Vincenzo S,Siena L,Gjomarkaj M

更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The gut microbiome has tremendous potential to impact health and disease. Various environmental toxicants, including insecticides, have been shown to alter gut microbiome community structures. However, the mechanism that compositionally and functionally regulates gut microbiota remains unclear. Quorum sensing is known...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gao B,Chi L,Tu P,Bian X,Thomas J,Ru H,Lu K

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo administration of 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) produced much higher hepatic microsomal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) induction than 7,8-benzoflavone (7,8-BF) in both aromatic hydrocarbon (Ah)-responsive and nonresponsive strains of mice. Simultaneous treatment o...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kiyohara C,Hirohata T

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic exposure to arsenic increases the risk of developing a variety of human cancers including lung carcinomas. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying arsenic carcinogenicity remains largely unknown. Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process for maintaining cellular protein homeostasis whose defects mig...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wu L,Wang Z,Li X,He X,Han Y,Chen Y,Liu L,Fu L,Zhang T

更新日期：2020-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of two polyamino-polycarboxylic acids, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine triacetic acid (HEDTA) and diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) and two thiol-chelating agents, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMS) on the excretion of manganese (Mn) in rabbits given Mn i.p. w...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Khandelwal S,Kachru DN,Tandon SK

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification of the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is the key regulatory outcome of toxicity studies. With the introduction of "omics" technologies into toxicological research, the question arises as to how sensitive these technologies are relative to classical regulatory toxicity parameters. BASF SE a...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： van Ravenzwaay B,Montoya GA,Fabian E,Herold M,Krennrich G,Looser R,Mellert W,Peter E,Strauss V,Walk T,Kamp H

更新日期：2014-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Diclofenac is a widely prescribed NSAID that causes severe idiosyncratic drug induced liver injury (IDILI) in a small part of the patient population. Formation of protein-reactive metabolites is considered to play a role in the development of diclofenac-induced IDILI. Therefore, a high hepatic activity of enzymes invo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： den Braver MW,Zhang Y,Venkataraman H,Vermeulen NP,Commandeur JN

更新日期：2016-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury(II) ions are known to accumulate in the kidney and their effect upon the renin-angiotensin system has also been described. The question, however, whether mercury(II) also exerts direct effect on the juxtaglomerular cells (JGC) to induce renin release remained to be answered. Suspension of isolated glomeruli wa...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kozma L,Lenkey A,Varga E,Gomba S

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To help minimize errors and confusion in the scientific literature, a few principles can be followed. The original intent and hypothesis of each study should be made clear, and deviations from the initial purpose should be stated. The hypothesis-testing portions of the research need to be clearly differentiated from t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Maurissen JP

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrylonitrile (AN) showed spectral interaction with hepatic microsomes from mouse, rat and man. Whereas human and rat liver microsomes resulted in ligand AN-binding spectra, mouse liver microsomes behaved differently. Hepatic microsomes from phenobarbital-treated mice with AN showed a type I substrate binding; ligand ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Appel KE,Peter H,Bolt M,Bolt HM

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The repeated dose toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a flame retardant, was examined in male and female newborn rats given TBBPA orally at 0, 40, 200, or 600 mg/kg per day for 18 days from 4 days of age until weaning at 21 days of age. Half the rats in each dose group were sacrificed for a full gross necropsy ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Fukuda N,Ito Y,Yamaguchi M,Mitumori K,Koizumi M,Hasegawa R,Kamata E,Ema M

更新日期：2004-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicity of a compound for an organism is dependent on the route of exposure, the amount (or concentration), the way in which the compound is taken up, distributes and is eliminated from the organism (ADME, kinetics) and the intrinsic properties (reactivity; mode of action, dynamics) of the compound towards the organi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Blaauboer BJ

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Pregnant mice of C57BL/6 and DBA/2 inbred strains were exposed to cigarette smoke during days 1-18 of pregnancy. Both mothers and offspring were killed at the age of 21-22 weeks, and ovaries were studied with respect to the number of primordial follicles and small primary follicles. In additional studies, 7,12-dimethy...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Vähäkangas K,Rajaniemi H,Pelkonen O

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Melamine can cause urinary stones related to nephropathy of the kidney and hyperplasia or carcinoma of the bladder, but the mechanism of stone formation is not well understood. In this study, male rats were administered melamine for thirteen weeks to establish melamine bladder stone models and the stones were analysed...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liu JD,Liu JJ,Yuan JH,Tao GH,Wu DS,Yang XF,Yang LQ,Huang HY,Zhou L,Xu XY,Hu JJ,Zhuang ZX

更新日期：2012-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In Europe and the USA the prevalence of certain forms of allergic disease is rising; an increase that can not be reconciled simply on the basis of changes in diagnostic fashion. The changes observed have been too rapid to be explained by alterations in the gene pool and, as a consequence, there has been a growing inte...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kimber I

更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews the results from past regulatory and mechanistic inhalation studies in rats with the type II pyrethroid Cyfluthrin. Apart from many chemical irritants, Cyfluthrin was shown to be a neuroexcitatory agent without any inherent tissue-destructive or irritant property. Thus, any Cyfluthrin-induced neuroe...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pauluhn J

更新日期：2018-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Serum corticosterone levels were determined at intervals after i.p. injection of 1.8 mg cadmium (Cd)/kg body weight. Thymus weight decreased significantly 3 days after injection. The effect of Cd injection on serum corticosterone levels was almost indistinguishable from that of saline injection. Further, Cd-induced th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yamada YK,Murakami N,Shimizu F,Kubota K

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the cold-receptor TRPM8 by menthol or other tobacco additives can suppress natural defense reactions such as coughing that usually would become effective as involuntary resistance against the inhalation of fumes. In Europe menthol is only regulated as flavor, but can be used as additive as long as no cha...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Paschke M,Tkachenko A,Ackermann K,Hutzler C,Henkler F,Luch A

更新日期：2017-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Human epidermal keratinocytes which have been cultured were treated with the heavy metal ions of cadmium, mercury, copper and zinc. Cytotoxicity was measured either by protein estimation or by using the neutral red assay. Antioxidants were added in order to find out whether heavy metal-induced cytotoxicity is related ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kappus H,Reinhold C

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of cadmium (Cd) on the immune organs were examined histopathologically. On 2 or 3 days after a single i.p. injection of 1.8 mg Cd/kg body weight into mice, slight loss of body weight, significant decrease of thymus weight and marked increase of spleen weight were observed. Lymph node weight did not show an...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yamada YK,Shimizu F,Kawamura R,Kubota K

更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen amino acids protected at the N-terminal and at their side chains were screened for resolving the enantiomers of V-agents by NMR. While none of the shift reagents tested showed really effective separation in proton NMR, two of them (BOC-Gln(Xan)-OH, 16, and Z-Arg(Z)2-OH), 21, with 16 superior to 21) were found...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Koller M,Thiermann H,Worek F

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We reported earlier that the activation of free-radical-mediated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) cascade is the major pathway in the inflammatory lung disease induced by 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), a mustard gas analog. TNF-alpha induces activating protein 1 (AP-1) activation via phosphorylation of mit...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mukhopadhyay S,Mukherjee S,Smith M,Das SK

更新日期：2008-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Similar to other types of neuronal degeneration, Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the aggregation of a pathological protein, α-synuclein. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the principal site of protein synthesis, quality control and degradation. Genetic mutants, environmental insults and other factors dist...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mou Z,Yuan YH,Zhang Z,Song LK,Chen NH

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible embryotoxic effects of cyclohexylamine hydrochloride doses (expressed as free base) of 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg of body weight per day administered orally in water to mice and rats from the 6th to 15th day post-coitum were investigated. Treatment with daily doses of up to 100 mg/kg of body weight to mice and ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lorke D,Machemer L

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considering that the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the toxicity of various pesticides, this study was designed to investigate the possibility of oxidative stress induction by cypermethrin, a Type II pyrethroid. Either single (170 mg/kg) or repeated (75 mg/kg per day for 5 days) or...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Giray B,Gürbay A,Hincal F

更新日期：2001-01-03 00:00:00