Maternal exposure to N-nitrosatable drugs as a risk factor for childhood brain tumours.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Perinatal characteristics are associated with subsequent risk of several chronic diseases. Previous studies regarding endometriosis were based on small samples and retrospective data and were limited by unmeasured confounding bias, leading to conflicting and inconclusive findings. We investigated the associa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gao M,Scott K,Koupil I

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A person to person outbreak of hepatitis A is described: 90 cases of hepatitis A occurred in a small town in Calabria, southern Italy; all cases were under 18 years of age with the highest age-specific incidence rate in the 6-10 year age group. Transmission was identified by tracing close contacts with other incubatin...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Greco D,De Giacomi G,Piersante GP,Bibby L,Nicastro M,Cavalcanti P

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) medical records-linkage system was established in 1966 to capture health care information for the entire population of Olmsted County, MN, USA. The REP includes a dynamic cohort of 502 820 unique individuals who resided in Olmsted County at some point between 1966 and 2010, and...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： St Sauver JL,Grossardt BR,Yawn BP,Melton LJ 3rd,Pankratz JJ,Brue SM,Rocca WA

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Genetic and maternal prenatal environmental factors as well as the post-natal rearing environment may contribute to the association between childhood socioeconomic circumstances and later mortality. In order to disentangle these influences, we studied all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a cohort of ado...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Osler M,Petersen L,Prescott E,Teasdale TW,Sørensen TI

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To explore whether causes of maternal death can be investigated using the sisterhood method, an indirect method for providing a community-based estimate of the level of maternal mortality, this study compares the sisterhood causes of maternal death with the Matlab Demographic Surveillance System's (DSS) caus...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Shahidullah M

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:High maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risk of offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the role of unmeasured familial confounding for this association remains unclear. METHODS:We conducted a population-based cohort study via linkage of Swe...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chen Q,Sjölander A,Långström N,Rodriguez A,Serlachius E,D'Onofrio BM,Lichtenstein P,Larsson H

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are of great help when researchers try to understand the nature of causal relationships and the consequences of conditioning on different variables. One fundamental feature of causal relations that has not been incorporated into the standard DAG framework is interaction, i.e. w...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Nilsson A,Bonander C,Strömberg U,Björk J

更新日期：2020-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alcohol use is associated with breast cancer in many epidemiological studies. Most, however, have measured risk from recent consumption patterns, and only a few include analyses for duration of drinking or age that a woman started to drink. The authors studied the effect of these variables, as well as of rec...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bowlin SJ,Leske MC,Varma A,Nasca P,Weinstein A,Caplan L

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Child feeding recommendations include breastfeeding beyond 12 months, however, some researchers have reported increased rates of malnutrition in breastfed toddlers. A negative association between growth and breast-feeding may reflect reverse causality; that is, the outcome (growth) is a determinant of the pr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Marquis GS,Habicht JP,Lanata CF,Black RE,Rasmussen KM

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Birth-cohort analysis is of particular importance for gastric cancer since migrant studies have indicated that early life experiences play a dominant role in the occurrence of the disease. However, none of the birth-cohort analyses conducted in various countries have provided information on variation in the birth-coho...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lee WC,Lin RS

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In many western countries an increase in incidence of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and/or gastric cardia have been reported. The aim of this study was to describe and compare trends in incidence of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastric cardia in several areas of Europe, 1968-1995, using Eurocim (a...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Botterweck AA,Schouten LJ,Volovics A,Dorant E,van Den Brandt PA

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mortality rates from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in Australia for the period 1969-78 have been analysed by place of residence, occupation and country of birth. Large variations were found among subpopulations. Throughout the period IHD mortality was lowest among professional and farming occupations and highest among...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gibberd RW,Dobson AJ,Florey CD,Leeder SR

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the reduction in childhood mortality after immunization can be explained by the prevention of measles and its long-term effects. METHODS:and Data We re-analysed an existing data set from Matlab, Bangladesh. During 1982-1985, measles immunization was used from 9 months of age in half of the...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Aaby P,Bhuiya A,Nahar L,Knudsen K,de Francisco A,Strong M

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study differences in mortality and causes of death between HIV positive and HIV negative intravenous drug users (IVDU), 1009 (180 HIV positive and 829 HIV negative) IVDU in Oslo, Norway, were followed from their first HIV test for a mean period of 36 months (range 1-67 months). Eighty-seven (55 HIV negativ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Eskild A,Magnus P,Samuelsen SO,Sohlberg C,Kittelsen P

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Samples of railroad male employees aged 40-59 were examined from companies operating in the northwest quadrant of the US in the late 1950s (n = 2571), and in Rome and surroundings. Italy in the early 1960s (n = 768) in an international co-operative study on cardiovascular diseases. METHODS:A number of cardi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Menotti A,Seccareccia F,Blackburn H,Keys A

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In 2002, a poster alerted the French health authorities to the possibility that the risk of childhood leukaemia might be increased by hepatitis B vaccination. Elucidating the role of vaccination in the aetiology of childhood acute leukaemia (AL) was therefore included in the objectives of an ongoing national...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mallol-Mesnard N,Menegaux F,Auvrignon A,Auclerc MF,Bertrand Y,Nelken B,Robert A,Michel G,Margueritte G,Perel Y,Méchinaud F,Bordigoni P,Leverger G,Baruchel A,Hémon D,Clavel J

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The excess risk of fatal and non-fatal cerebrovascular disease in people from low socioeconomic positions is only partially explained by conventional cerebrovascular risk factors. This has led to the suggestion that poor psychosocial work environments provide important additional explanatory power. However, ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kivimäki M,Gimeno D,Ferrie JE,Batty GD,Oksanen T,Jokela M,Virtanen M,Salo P,Akbaraly TN,Elovainio M,Pentti J,Vahtera J

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent criticism of epidemiologic methods has focused on the limitations of 'black box' epidemiology, a pejorative label given to the simple identification of exposure-disease relationships. The assessment of mediation is an important tool for addressing this criticism. By using mediation analysis to open the black bo...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hafeman DM,Schwartz S

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We examined secular changes in resting heart rate (RHR) and their relationship with changes in other cardiovascular risk factors in adult men and women over a 22-year period. METHODS:A single-centre population-based longitudinal study comprised 30,699 men and women aged 30-89 years who participated in at le...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sharashova E,Wilsgaard T,Brenn T

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has more than halved in England since the 1980s, but there are few data on small-area trends. We estimated CVD mortality by ward in 5-year intervals between 1982 and 2006, and examined trends in relation to starting mortality, region and community deprivation. METHODS:...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Asaria P,Fortunato L,Fecht D,Tzoulaki I,Abellan JJ,Hambly P,de Hoogh K,Ezzati M,Elliott P

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In studies of health behaviour exploring factors associated with differences and changes in eating patterns of populations, diet is often measured with short food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). This study examines the validity of a short FFQ by comparing frequencies of food intake from the FFQ to informatio...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Osler M,Heitmann BL

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mortality was compared in the Jewish populations of Montreal and Israel and the overall Canadian population, to investigate whether the Israeli pattern of low male mortality and relatively high female mortality is replicated among Jews living elsewhere. METHODS:In Montreal, death certificates were obtained ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Shatenstein B,Kark JD

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To determine the presence of interaction in epidemiologic research, typically a product term is added to the regression model. In linear regression, the regression coefficient of the product term reflects interaction as departure from additivity. However, in logistic regression it refers to interaction as de...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Knol MJ,van der Tweel I,Grobbee DE,Numans ME,Geerlings MI

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied cytosolic low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase (cLMWPTP or ACP1) in 364 healthy puerperae from the population of Penne, in 155 diabetic puerperae from the population of Rome and in 349 consecutive normal newborn infants from the population of Rome. The data from these independent samples po...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bottini E,Gloria-Bottini F,La Torre M,Lucarini N

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The effect of antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplementation on health is one of the most controversial issues in human nutrition. Our objective was to investigate the effect of nutritional doses of a combination of antioxidant vitamins and minerals on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a sample of h...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Briançon S,Boini S,Bertrais S,Guillemin F,Galan P,Hercberg S

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGOUND:The term 'joint modelling' is used in the statistical literature to refer to methods for simultaneously analysing longitudinal measurement outcomes, also called repeated measurement data, and time-to-event outcomes, also called survival data. A typical example from nephrology is a study in which the data from...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Asar Ö,Ritchie J,Kalra PA,Diggle PJ

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clustering of xerophthalmia in villages and in households was assessed among preschool children surveyed in the Lower Shire Valley, Malawi, and in Aceh province, Indonesia. Trachoma clustering was similarly assessed among the same children in Malawi. Trachoma clustered much more than xerophthalmia among villages a...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Katz J,Zeger SL,Tielsch JM

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although cigarette smoking is considered to be the most important cause of lung cancer, smoking behaviour cannot fully explain the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Taiwanese women, who rarely smoke but contract lung cancer relatively often. There are other causes of lung cancer that have pro...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ko YC,Lee CH,Chen MJ,Huang CC,Chang WY,Lin HJ,Wang HZ,Chang PY

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In 2009, there were 8273 local screening laboratories, 254 confirmatory laboratories, 35 provincial confirmatory central laboratories and 1 National AIDS Reference Laboratory (NARL) in China. These laboratories were located in Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) facilities, hospitals, blood donat...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Jiang Y,Qiu M,Zhang G,Xing W,Xiao Y,Pan P,Yao J,Ou CY,Su X

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aetiology confronts two distinct issues: the determinants of individual cases, and the determinants of incidence rate. If exposure to a necessary agent is homogeneous within a population, then case/control and cohort methods will fail to detect it: they will only identify markers of susceptibility. The corresponding s...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Rose G

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00