Abstract:
:A person to person outbreak of hepatitis A is described: 90 cases of hepatitis A occurred in a small town in Calabria, southern Italy; all cases were under 18 years of age with the highest age-specific incidence rate in the 6-10 year age group. Transmission was identified by tracing close contacts with other incubating or active cases; only eight out of 90 cases were not identified as having a very probable or possible contact with an infecting case. Transmission was high between family members leading to a secondary family attack rate of 51% in children under 16. An enteric disease educational campaign was carried out together with IgG and no cases of hepatitis A were reported in the two years following the investigation.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Greco D,De Giacomi G,Piersante GP,Bibby L,Nicastro M,Cavalcanti Pdoi
10.1093/ije/15.1.108subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-03-01 00:00:00pages
108-11issue
1eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In recent years, the residential exposure to radon daughters has become a cause for concern as a contributing factor for lung cancer. In order to evaluate the population's risk consequences of different interpretations of the results of epidemiological studies in cohorts of uranium miners, a simulation model has been ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/19.supplement_1.s73
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problems and prospects in the use of case-control studies to assess the effects of improvements in environmental sanitation on diarrhoea morbidity are discussed on the basis of two field studies. It is concluded that an adequate design is available for assessing the effects of a single improvement on diarrhoeal di...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/17.2.441
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from the Seven Countries Study are analysed to examine the relationship between the observed incidence of Coronary Heart Disease in the second 5-year period of follow-up and the major entry risk factors and their changes over the first 5 years. The analysis, using the Multiple Logistic Function model, shows that ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/10.1.31
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of behaviour on health is a major area of contemporary epidemiological enquiry. Most epidemiological studies of the effect of behaviour on health assume that the levels of the behaviour-related variables are determined by factors other than those under study. However, in many instances, obvious examples are...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/19.1.147
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of diet in relation to disease raise methodological challenges considerably more complicated than in most epidemiological investigations. Diet is not a single exposure, but rather a complex set of many intercorrelated continuous variables. Moreover, these variables are likely to have non-linear relationships w...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/16.2.312
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Occupational hygiene panels are increasingly being used to rate retrospective occupational exposures to chemicals in community-based studies. This study aimed to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of using such an expert panel in a brain tumour case-control study. METHODS:A panel of five exper...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/26.3.635
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although disorders of the prostate are among the most prevalent problems in elderly males, little is known about their epidemiological characteristics. The 1986 Barcelona Health Interview Survey (BHIS), a cross-sectional study of a random sample of the noninstitutionalized population of the city, was used to estimate ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/21.5.959
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serial blood specimens from Rh-negative pregnant women sent to laboratory for Rh antibody testing were stored and used for influenza investigations. The study period covered three epidemics, each caused by a different variant of influenza A (H3N2) virus. The relationship between pre-epidemic haemagglutination inhibiti...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/4.2.127
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is unclear when in the life course do social inequalities in inflammation emerge. We examined whether the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) is determined at conception, in childhood, adolescence or adulthood in 1484 participants from the population-based Cardiov...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dym244
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In many countries, little is known about adult mortality rates. New innovations are necessary to develop reasonable estimates from available information. One readily available resource is household survey data. While birth histories collected in surveys have produced reasonable estimates of child mortality, ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh099
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Switzerland, assisted suicide is legal but there is concern that vulnerable or disadvantaged groups are more likely to die in this way than other people. We examined socio-economic factors associated with assisted suicide. METHODS:We linked the suicides assisted by right-to-die associations during 2003-0...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyu010
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Associations of adult height with cardiometabolic and pulmonary traits have been studied in majority European ancestry populations using Mendelian randomization and polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis. The standard PRS approach entails creating a PRS for height using variants identified in prior genome-wide ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyy177
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Results from some retrospective studies suggest a possible increased risk of glioma and acoustic neuroma in users of mobile phones. METHODS:The relation between mobile phone use and incidence of intracranial central nervous system (CNS) tumours and other cancers was examined in 791,710 middle-aged women in ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyt072
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Three recent studies have reported a decreased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) for high ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. METHODS:We conducted a multicentre case-control study during 1998-2004 in France, Germany, Ireland, Italy and Spain, comprising 1518 cases of NHL, 268 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma, 24...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/ije/dyn092
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:To assess the worldwide variation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) incidence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based data published to date. Methods:We reviewed Medline and Embase up to June 2015 and included all population-based studies of newly diagnosed ALS cases, us...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/ije/dyw061
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have shown that inactivated, whole-cell oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) confer both direct protection on vaccinees and herd protection on populations. Because our earlier cluster-randomized effectiveness trial (CRT) in urban Bangladesh failed to detect OCV herd protection, we reanalysed the tria...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/ije/dyz060
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Women in developing countries often continue their agricultural work during late pregnancy. Whether this adversely affects birthweight is not clear from previous studies as few controlled for confounding factors. This study seeks to clarify this issue. METHODS:This retrospective cohort study investigated 95...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/28.3.469
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent developments in statistics have produced powerful methods that facilitate the analysis of longitudinal studies. These methods are illustrated by an analysis of a longitudinal study of blood pressure in children. The results of the study show a clear tendency for blood pressure to increase with age, and Asian ch...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/8.1.15
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corporate influences on epidemiology have become stronger and more pervasive in the last few decades, particularly in the contentious fields of pharmacoepidemiology and occupational epidemiology. For every independent epidemiologist studying the side effects of medicines and the hazardous effects of industrial chemica...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ije/dym270
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In large-scale epidemiological studies of stillbirths and neonatal deaths a method is needed to replace detailed medical record audits in order to determine the cause of death. METHODS:A computer-based method is presented for determination of the cause of death in stillbirths and in neonatal deaths. It util...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/26.6.1298
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Short stature has been associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), although the reason for the association remains unclear. Data on the relation between stature and stroke is more limited. We examined the association between stature and CHD as well as between stature and stroke in men ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/ije/27.6.970
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To examine whether induced abortion increases the risk of low birthweight in subsequent singleton live births. METHODS:Cohort study using the Danish Medical Birth Registry (MBR), the Hospital Discharge Registry (HDR), and the Induced Abortion Registry (IAR). All women who had their first pregnancy during 19...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/29.1.100
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is usually necessary to estimate repeatability of a self-administered questionnaire from responses by subjects on just two occasions. It is shown that it is not possible to estimate false positive and false negative classification rates separately, but that an average correct classification can be calculated. This ...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/16.1.121
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While prior studies of thyroid cancer incidence within Belarus have increased since the 1986 Chernobyl reactor accident, the magnitude of increase is not well quantified. METHODS:Using Belarussian national cancer registry data, trends in average annual age-adjusted thyroid cancer incidence rates were examin...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh201
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The effectiveness of vaccines in populations must consider both direct and indirect protection. This study reanalyses data from a large individually randomized oral cholera vaccine trial that was conducted in rural Bangladesh from 1985 to 1990. A recent analysis of the results of that trial showed that the p...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyl100
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that in utero exposure to undernutrition and overnutrition might affect adiposity in later life. Epigenetic modification is suggested as a plausible mediating mechanism. METHODS:We used multivariable linear regression and a negative control design to examine offspring epigenome-wide DNA me...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyv042
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationships between cold temperatures and cardio-respiratory mortality in the elderly are well documented. We wished to determine whether similar relationships exist with consultations in the primary care setting and to assess the lag time at which the effects were observed. METHODS:Generalized additi...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/31.4.825
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown socioeconomic inequalities in the metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease (CHD), but it is not known whether educational disparities in the metabolic syndrome explain educational inequalities in CHD. We investigated this question in a prospective study of middle-aged men and...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyi007
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Being a zoonosis, the transmission of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is influenced by climatic, reservoir and occupational factors. This paper has quantified the incidence and potential risk factors of HFRS in Yingshang County, a low-lying epidemic focus of the disease in China. METHODS:Corre...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/31.1.189
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Uncontrolled confounding by personal exposures like smoking can limit the inferential power of occupational cohort studies. We developed and demonstrate a refinement of an existing type of sensitivity analysis, indirect adjustment, for evaluating the potential magnitude of confounding by alcohol and tobacco....
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh151
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00