Exposure to ultraviolet radiation and risk of malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma--a multicentre European case-control study.

abstract：:In a questionnaire administered to a general population sample of 1673 adults, a 14-item scale of social desirability was divided into two groups of questions, almost evenly divided between desirable and undesirable behaviour, the percentage answering 'true' was higher when the question was asked early than when it wa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Helsing KJ,Comstock GW

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The characteristics of 673 mothers of twins were compared to those of a matched sample of mothers of singletons. Both groups of mothers were interviewed just after delivery, and births in each group were matched for time and place. Of the characteristics studied, the use of oral contraceptives (OC) displayed a signifi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hemon D,Berger C,Lazar P

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study of risk factors for child diarrhoeal disease was undertaken in a rural area of Nicaragua. Some 1229 children under the age of five were matched with an equal number of children of the same age presenting with other illnesses unrelated to water and sanitation. The main types of water supply were sa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gorter AC,Sandiford P,Smith GD,Pauw JP

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women and the incidence has increased over time. Our objectives were to study: (1) the socioeconomic differences in breast cancer incidence and mortality in Denmark, (2) how different socioeconomic groups have contributed to the increasing incidence, (3) whether t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Danø H,Andersen O,Ewertz M,Petersen JH,Lynge E

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine whether chlorination of drinking water was associated with cancer of the digestive or other organs, an ecological epidemiological study using nationwide incidence data from the Cancer Registry of Norway was carried out. On two geographical levels (counties and municipalities), both for men and women, chlori...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Flaten TP

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Coronary heart disease (CHD) is regarded as a disease of developed 'western' societies. Within developed societies, however, CHD is typically a disease of the less affluent socioeconomic classes. This has not always been the case. Forty years ago. CHD was reported to be more common among the upper social classes. In N...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kawachi I,Marshall S,Pearce N

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To investigate variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) incubation period, transmission barrier, and short-term vCJD predictions for methionine homozygotes in 1940-1969 and post-1969 birth cohorts by use of gender- and age-specific exposure intensities to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), based on cons...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cooper JD,Bird SM

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular disease risk factor and mortality data collected since the 1978 Conference on the Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality were reviewed. Risk factor and disease trends were generally parallel and compatible with current hypotheses of cause and prevention. A few discrepancies between risk factors and...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Blackburn H

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The role of trigger factors in acute cardiovascular events has been much studied in the past few years. A recent study analysed changes in the rates of cardiac emergencies in Bavaria (Germany) during the last Football World Cup. The authors reported a 2.7-fold increase in the incidence of cardiac emergencies...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Barone-Adesi F,Vizzini L,Merletti F,Richiardi L

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We conducted this combined analysis of available data from studies with information on this issue to clarify the association between Trichomonas vaginalis infection and cervical neoplasia. METHODS:We performed MEDLINE searches (1966-1993) using the key words and phrases 'trichomonas vaginitis' and 'neoplasm...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhang ZF,Begg CB

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is widely believed that children of high socioeconomic status (SES) are more likely than those of low SES to develop acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Such observations have led to wide-ranging speculations about the potential aetiological role of factors associated with affluence and modernization. M...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Smith A,Roman E,Simpson J,Ansell P,Fear NT,Eden T

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is unclear when in the life course do social inequalities in inflammation emerge. We examined whether the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) is determined at conception, in childhood, adolescence or adulthood in 1484 participants from the population-based Cardiov...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gimeno D,Ferrie JE,Elovainio M,Pulkki-Raback L,Keltikangas-Jarvinen L,Eklund C,Hurme M,Lehtimäki T,Marniemi J,Viikari JS,Raitakari OT,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has more than halved in England since the 1980s, but there are few data on small-area trends. We estimated CVD mortality by ward in 5-year intervals between 1982 and 2006, and examined trends in relation to starting mortality, region and community deprivation. METHODS:...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Asaria P,Fortunato L,Fecht D,Tzoulaki I,Abellan JJ,Hambly P,de Hoogh K,Ezzati M,Elliott P

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied cytosolic low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase (cLMWPTP or ACP1) in 364 healthy puerperae from the population of Penne, in 155 diabetic puerperae from the population of Rome and in 349 consecutive normal newborn infants from the population of Rome. The data from these independent samples po...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bottini E,Gloria-Bottini F,La Torre M,Lucarini N

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We evaluated the reproducibility and relative validity of a 190-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to be used in a large prospective study in the Athens area of Greece. METHODS:In all, 42 men and 38 women, aged 25-67 years, completed two self-administered semi-quantitative FFQ spaced ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Katsouyanni K,Rimm EB,Gnardellis C,Trichopoulos D,Polychronopoulos E,Trichopoulou A

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper provides a brief overview to four major types of causal models for health-sciences research: Graphical models (causal diagrams), potential-outcome (counterfactual) models, sufficient-component cause models, and structural-equations models. The paper focuses on the logical connections among the different typ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Greenland S,Brumback B

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While the COVID-19 outbreak in China now appears suppressed, Europe and the USA have become the epicentres, both reporting many more deaths than China. Responding to the pandemic, Sweden has taken a different approach aiming to mitigate, not suppress, community transmission, by using physical distancing with...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sjödin H,Johansson AF,Brännström Å,Farooq Z,Kriit HK,Wilder-Smith A,Åström C,Thunberg J,Söderquist M,Rocklöv J

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present two enhancements to existing methods for visualizing vital statistics data. Data from the Human Mortality Database were used and vital statistics from England and Wales are used for illustration. The simpler of these methods involves coplotting mean age of death with its variance, and the more complex of th...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Minton J,Vanderbloemen L,Dorling D

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of diet in relation to disease raise methodological challenges considerably more complicated than in most epidemiological investigations. Diet is not a single exposure, but rather a complex set of many intercorrelated continuous variables. Moreover, these variables are likely to have non-linear relationships w...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Willett W

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been implicated as a potentially important co-factor for enhanced vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV). In previous reports, however, methodological issues (notably small sample sizes) have limited accurate evaluation of the contri...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pappalardo BL

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:This paper investigates trends in suicide rate, the reasons for and means of suicide and the occupation of deceased, to prioritize suicide prevention activities in India and to highlight the limitations to data quality for surveillance. Methods:Data available in the public domain from the National Crimes Re...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Dandona R,Bertozzi-Villa A,Kumar GA,Dandona L

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increases in measles antibodies without rash-illnesses have been documented in previously vaccinated children exposed to measles cases. The phenomenon has been incompletely evaluated in young unvaccinated infants with immunity of maternal origin. METHODS:Monthly cohorts of newborns were prospectively random...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bennett J,Whittle H,Samb B,Cisse B,Simondon F,Aaby P

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A genetic component of early-onset lung cancer has been suggested. The role of metabolic gene polymorphisms has never been studied in young lung cancer cases. Phase 1 and Phase 2 gene polymorphisms are involved in tobacco carcinogens' metabolism and therefore in lung cancer risk. METHODS:The effect of metab...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Taioli E,Gaspari L,Benhamou S,Boffetta P,Brockmoller J,Butkiewicz D,Cascorbi I,Clapper ML,Dolzan V,Haugen A,Hirvonen A,Husgafvel-Pursiainen K,Kalina I,Kremers P,Le Marchand L,London S,Rannug A,Romkes M,Schoket B,Sei

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between body fat and different aspects of glucose tolerance was examined within the Zutphen Study. In 1970 an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out in 404 non-diabetic men aged 50-70. None of the subjects could be classified as having impaired glucose tolerance. Body mass index (BMI), sub...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Feskens EJ,Kromhout D

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A person to person outbreak of hepatitis A is described: 90 cases of hepatitis A occurred in a small town in Calabria, southern Italy; all cases were under 18 years of age with the highest age-specific incidence rate in the 6-10 year age group. Transmission was identified by tracing close contacts with other incubatin...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Greco D,De Giacomi G,Piersante GP,Bibby L,Nicastro M,Cavalcanti P

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Occupation and industry classifications are used in epidemiological studies to classify study subjects according to their job and subsequently to study risk by job, to infer social class indicators, or to infer exposure to specific agents through job-exposure matrices. However, documentation on methodological aspects ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mannetje A',Kromhout H

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:Analysis of physical activity usually focuses on a small number of summary statistics derived from accelerometer recordings: average counts per minute and the proportion of time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity or in sedentary behaviour. We show how bigrams, a concept from the field of text minin...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Millard LAC,Tilling K,Lawlor DA,Flach PA,Gaunt TR

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Contact sports have high rates of injury. Protective equipment regulations are widely used as an intervention to reduce injury risk. The purpose of this study was to investigate the injury prevention effect of regulations governing protective equipment in two full-body contact sports. METHODS:Injury rates i...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Marshall SW,Waller AE,Dick RW,Pugh CB,Loomis DP,Chalmers DJ

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evaluation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention strategies requires an on-going follow up of the frequency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. The aim of this study was to examine the trends in prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 infection among injecting drug users (IDU) duri...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hernández-Aguado I,Aviño MJ,Pérez-Hoyos S,González-Aracil J,Ruiz-Pérez I,Torrella A,García de la Hera M,Belda F,Fernández E,Santos C,Trullen J,Fenosa A

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Small body size at birth, as a marker of an adverse intrauterine environment, has recently emerged as an important risk factor for death from cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to study the relationship between small size at birth and all-cause and non-cardiovascular mortality, which has been poorly documen...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kajantie E,Osmond C,Barker DJ,Forsén T,Phillips DI,Eriksson JG

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00