The genetics of signal transduction and the effect of smoking on intrauterine growth.

abstract：:The association between breast cancer risk and oral contraceptive use was examined in 401 breast cancer patients and 519 hospital controls interviewed in New York City during 1979-1981. Control subjects were ascertained utilizing variable ratio matching to the cases (2:1 or 1:1) by sex, age, hospital, and time of diag...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Harris RE,Zang EA,Wynder EL

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, using a counterfactual framework, a causal mediation analysis has been formalized to decompose the total effect of a time-fixed exposure on an outcome into four components that can be loosely defined as being components due to mediation only, interaction only, mediated interaction and neither. The ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mutlu U,Ikram MA,Ikram MK

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies of respiratory illness in childhood have used the mother's recall of her child's respiratory illness experience as a measure of the frequency with which these illnesses occur. This paper explores the relationship between the diagnosis by the doctor of lower respiratory illnesses and the recall ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Watkins CJ,Burton P,Leeder S,Sittampalam Y,Wever AM,Wiggins R

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between poverty, birthweight, and infant weight gain in Hertfordshire, 1923-1939. DESIGN:Cohort study based on the Hertfordshire Health Visitors' Register (HHVR). SETTING:The population of Hertfordshire, and a sub-sample of five Hertfordshire towns-Hoddesdon, Berkhampstead, He...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Razzell P,Spence C,Vines K

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early-life social environment has been suggested to play an important role during the development of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric diseases. We aimed to assess the association of sibship size with H. pylori infection and chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in a population-based study from Germany. METHOD...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gao L,Weck MN,Raum E,Stegmaier C,Rothenbacher D,Brenner H

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC) is a 10-country collaborative study in which EPIC-Norfolk is one of the UK centres. EPIC-Norfolk examined 25 639 men and women resident in East Anglia (aged 40-79 years), between 1993 and 1997. The EPIC collaboration was set up to examine the dietary determinants...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hayat SA,Luben R,Keevil VL,Moore S,Dalzell N,Bhaniani A,Khawaja AP,Foster P,Brayne C,Wareham NJ,Khaw KT

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) appears to be the primary aetiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). To study the distribution of HHV8, a seroepidemiological study was carried out in western Sicily, where a high incidence rate of classical KS is well documented. METHODS:A total of 970 sera of healthy human immuno...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Perna AM,Bonura F,Vitale F,Viviano E,Di Benedetto MA,Ajello F,Villafrate MR,Prestileo T,Mancuso S,Goedert JJ,Romano N

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is endemic in many rural areas of Brazil where different transmission patterns of the disease have been described. This ecological study was carried out in a municipality located in Southeast Brazil and aimed to investigate the space-temporal patterns of the disease and...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Machado-Coelho GL,Assunção R,Mayrink W,Caiaffa WT

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ratio of test statistics has been used to compare the efficiency of matched and unmatched designs, and stratified and pooled analyses for case-control studies. The index has been computed for a wide range of population conditions and it is concluded that (a) pooled analysis is always more efficient than stratified...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Choi BC,Howe GR

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A review of the international epidemiological literature is undertaken with the view of identifying the main demographic and sociocultural features of MS as they apply to ethnic groups. Ethnic groups are differentiated principally in terms of three variables: race, religion, and nationality. Although MS is present in ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lowis GW

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In epidemiological studies researchers often depend on proxies to obtain information when primary subjects are unavailable. However, relatively few studies have performed formal statistical inference to assess agreement among proxy informants and primary study subjects. In this paper, we consider inference p...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bartfay E,Donner A

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We reported in a recent study that parity was inversely related to the incidence of Hodgkin's disease (HD) in Norwegian women younger than 56. In this study, another data set was used to estimate the parity effects on incidence at higher ages, and two different data sets were used to assess how parity influe...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kravdal O,Hansen S

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite positive changes in most maternal risk factors in Brazil, previous studies did not show reductions in preterm birth and low birthweight. We analysed trends and inequalities in these outcomes over a 33-year period in a Brazilian city. METHODS:Four population-based birth cohort studies were carried ou...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Silveira MF,Victora CG,Horta BL,da Silva BGC,Matijasevich A,Barros FC,Pelotas Cohorts Study Group.

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Knowing the starting date of the BSE epidemic and its size at the very beginning is crucial to interpret the timing of the nvCJD cases and to forecast the nvCJD epidemic. The first cases occurred in 1985. The models devised by Anderson (back-calculation) and Dealler (age-period-cohort) led to an estimate of ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Cohen CH,Valleron AJ

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates whether consumption of fish during pregnancy may prolong gestation or increase fetal growth. From 1984 to 1987, 11,980 pregnant Danish women filled out a questionnaire while they were in the 36th week of gestation; this was 83% of all such women living in two geographically defined areas. The w...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Olsen SF,Olsen J,Frische G

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years a strong case has been made in support of a viral aetiology for at least some primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) in areas of low incidence. By pooling routinely collected cancer registration and infection data, study of the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the incidence of...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lamont DW,Buchan KA,Gillis CR,Reid D

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is widely believed that children of high socioeconomic status (SES) are more likely than those of low SES to develop acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Such observations have led to wide-ranging speculations about the potential aetiological role of factors associated with affluence and modernization. M...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Smith A,Roman E,Simpson J,Ansell P,Fear NT,Eden T

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To observe recent trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in antenatal clinic attendees to determine if previously noted falls in HIV prevalence are occurring on both sides of the Kenyan-Ugandan border. Design An ecologic study was conducted at the district level comparing HIV prevalence rates...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Moore DM,Hogg RS

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To describe the seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population of Egyptian children under 3 years. METHODS:A cohort of children under 36 months, residing in Abu Homos, Egypt, were visited at home twice weekly. Information regarding the child's breastfeeding status was obtained, and period...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Naficy AB,Frenck RW,Abu-Elyazeed R,Kim Y,Rao MR,Savarino SJ,Wierzba TF,Hall E,Clemens JD

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a general decline in mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in Finland since the beginning of the 1970s. An intensified preventive programme was started in the province of North Karelia in 1972. Between 1974 and 1979 the decline in IHD mortality in North Karelian men was steeper than that in the r...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Tuomilehto J,Puska P,Korhonen H,Mustaniemi H,Vartiainen E,Nissinen A,Kuulasmaa K,Niemensivu H,Salonen JT

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors studied how the introduction of several modifications to a basic food frequency questionnaire can influence the results of dietary surveys. Modifications covered eight combinations based on three levels: increasing versus decreasing order of frequency categories; questionnaires without versus with question...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kuskowska-Wolk A,Holte S,Ohlander EM,Bruce A,Holmberg L,Adami HO,Bergstrom R

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：Background:Associations of adult height with cardiometabolic and pulmonary traits have been studied in majority European ancestry populations using Mendelian randomization and polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis. The standard PRS approach entails creating a PRS for height using variants identified in prior genome-wide ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sofer T,Moon JY,Isasi CR,Qi Q,Shah NA,Kaplan RC,Kuniholm MH

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Predictions of primary liver cancer (PLC) incidence rates and case numbers are critical to understand and plan for PLC disease burden. METHODS:Data on PLC incidence rates and case numbers from 1990 to 2017 were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease database. The estimated average percentage change (EA...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Liu Z,Xu K,Jiang Y,Cai N,Fan J,Mao X,Suo C,Jin L,Zhang T,Chen X

更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While dietary patterns that are both predictive of chronic disease and mortality have been identified, the confounding effects of cardiorespiratory fitness have not been properly addressed. The primary objective was to assess the relation between dietary patterns with all-cause mortality, while controlling f...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Héroux M,Janssen I,Lam M,Lee DC,Hebert JR,Sui X,Blair SN

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The infant mortality rate is not a good indicator of overall mortality or health status. Based on new empirical life tables from the UN Population Division, it can only predict life expectancy with 95% confidence to within a 14-year range. Two infant mortality rates must be nearly 80 units apart to be 95% confident th...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Murray CJ

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Themba Lethu Clinical Cohort was established in 2004 to allow large patient-level analyses from a single HIV treatment site to evaluate National Treatment Guidelines, answer questions of national and international policy relevance and to combine an economic and epidemiologic focus on HIV research. The current obje...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Fox MP,Maskew M,MacPhail AP,Long L,Brennan AT,Westreich D,MacLeod WB,Majuba P,Sanne IM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are certain health risks associated with recreational exposure to bacteriologically polluted water. In this study, 27% (21/77) of swimmers who took part in a snorkel swimming event, experienced gastrointestinal symptoms within 48 hours of entering the untreated water. The incidence of these symptoms was statisti...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Philipp R,Evans EJ,Hughes AO,Grisdale SK,Enticott RG,Jephcott AE

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In spite of an improving trend, childhood mortality in rural sub-Saharan Africa remains high and has recently risen in some countries. The factors associated with the long-term decline in childhood mortality are poorly known, due to a lack of data. METHODS:A Senegalese rural population has been under demogr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Delaunay V,Etard JF,Préziosi MP,Marra A,Simondon F

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Burgeoning global mental health endeavors have renewed debates about cultural applicability of psychiatric categories. This study's goal is to review strengths and limitations of literature comparing psychiatric categories with cultural concepts of distress (CCD) such as cultural syndromes, culture-bound syn...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kohrt BA,Rasmussen A,Kaiser BN,Haroz EE,Maharjan SM,Mutamba BB,de Jong JT,Hinton DE

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kersa HDSS was established in 12 sub-districts of Kersa district, Eastern Hararge, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The site is principally rural with two small towns (Kersa and Weter). The baseline census was conducted in 2007 and since then has been updated every 6 months, with registration of demographic and health events....

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Assefa N,Oljira L,Baraki N,Demena M,Zelalem D,Ashenafi W,Dedefo M

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00