Interactions of a Rel protein with its inhibitor.

abstract：:Earlier we have shown that oscillations with a long period ("supercycles") may arise in two-locus systems experiencing cyclical selection with a short period. However, this mode of complex limiting behavior appeared to be possible for narrow ranges of parameters. Here we demonstrate that a multilocus system subjected ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirzhner VM,Korol AB,Nevo E

更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutrinos represent a new "window" to the Universe, spanning a large range of energy. We discuss the science of neutrino astrophysics and focus on two energy regimes. At "lower" energies ( approximately 1 MeV), studies of neutrinos born inside the sun, or produced in interactions of cosmic rays with the atmosphere, ha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Besson D,Cowen D,Selen M,Wiebusch C

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The amphiphilic fluorescent styryl pyridinium dyes FM1-43 and FM4-64 are used to probe activity-dependent synaptic vesicle cycling in neurons. Cultured astrocytes can internalize FM1-43 and FM4-64 inside vesicles but their uptake is insensitive to the elevation of cytosolic calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration and the under...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li D,Hérault K,Oheim M,Ropert N

更新日期：2009-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Upon release from the anther, pollen grains of angiosperm flowers are exposed to a dry environment and dehydrate. To survive this process, pollen grains possess a variety of physiological and structural adaptations. Perhaps the most striking of these adaptations is the ability of the pollen wall to fold onto itself to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Katifori E,Alben S,Cerda E,Nelson DR,Dumais J

更新日期：2010-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homologue-1 (LRH-1) belong to the fushi tarazu factor 1 subfamily of nuclear receptors. SF-1 is an essential factor for sex determination during development and regulates adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis in the adult, whereas LRH-1 is a critical factor for developmen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang W,Zhang C,Marimuthu A,Krupka HI,Tabrizizad M,Shelloe R,Mehra U,Eng K,Nguyen H,Settachatgul C,Powell B,Milburn MV,West BL

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Because RNAs fold as they are being synthesized, their transcription rate can affect their folding. Here, we report the results of single-molecule fluorescence studies that characterize the ligand-dependent cotranscriptional folding of the Escherichia coli thiM riboswitch that regulates translation. We found that the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Uhm H,Kang W,Ha KS,Kang C,Hohng S

更新日期：2018-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual system of the macaque monkey has provided a useful model for understanding the neural basis of human vision, yet, there are few detailed comparisons of neural populations other than photoreceptors for the two species. Using intracellular staining in an in vitro preparation of the isolated and intact human r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dacey DM,Petersen MR

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Biotin plays an essential role in growth of mycobacteria. Synthesis of the cofactor is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to establish and maintain chronic infections in a murine model of tuberculosis. Although the late steps of mycobacterial biotin synthesis, assembly of the heterocyclic rings, are thought to f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu Z,Cronan JE

更新日期：2020-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) is a protease virulence factor produced by Bacillus anthracis that is required for its pathogenicity. LT treatment causes a rapid degradation of c-Jun protein that follows inactivation of the MEK1/2-Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Here we identify COP1 as the ubiquitin E3 ligase that is essential f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ouyang W,Guo P,Takeda K,Fu Q,Fang H,Frucht DM

更新日期：2020-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:ChIP-on-chip has emerged as a powerful tool to dissect the complex network of regulatory interactions between transcription factors and their targets. However, most ChIP-on-chip analysis methods use conservative approaches aimed at minimizing false-positive transcription factor targets. We present a model with improve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Margolin AA,Palomero T,Sumazin P,Califano A,Ferrando AA,Stolovitzky G

更新日期：2009-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Sr-bearing marine barite [(Ba x , Sr1-x )SO4] cycling has been widely used to reconstruct geochemical evolutions of paleoenvironments. However, an understanding of barite precipitation in the ocean, which is globally undersaturated with respect to barite, is missing. Moreo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deng N,Stack AG,Weber J,Cao B,De Yoreo JJ,Hu Y

更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal deletion of the NESP55 differentially methylated region (DMR) (delNESP55/ASdel3-4(m), delNAS(m)) from the GNAS locus in humans causes autosomal dominant pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib (AD-PHP-Ib(delNASm)), a disorder of proximal tubular parathyroid hormone (PTH) resistance associated with loss of maternal G...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernández-Rebollo E,Maeda A,Reyes M,Turan S,Fröhlich LF,Plagge A,Kelsey G,Jüppner H,Bastepe M

更新日期：2012-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Biomass burning drives changes in greenhouse gases, climate-forcing aerosols, and global atmospheric chemistry. There is controversy about the magnitude and timing of changes in biomass burning emissions on millennial time scales from preindustrial to present and about the relative importance of climate change and hum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nicewonger MR,Aydin M,Prather MJ,Saltzman ES

更新日期：2018-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Some aspects of pattern formation in developing embryos can be described by nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations. An important class of these models accounts for diffusion and degradation of a locally produced single chemical species. At long times, solutions of such models approach a steady state in which the conce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon PV,Sample C,Berezhkovskii AM,Muratov CB,Shvartsman SY

更新日期：2011-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:We define an integer invariant [Formula: see text] of a smooth, compact, closed 4-manifold X by minimizing a certain complexity of a trisection of X over all trisections. The good feature of [Formula: see text] is that when [Formula: see text] and X is a homology 4-sphere, then X is diffeomorphic to the 4-sphere. Natu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirby R,Thompson A

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) is a powerful macrophage hormone released during infection, which circulates in blood to produce diverse effects in the organism. We examined the effect of cachectin on release of anterior pituitary hormones from either hemipituitaries or dispersed pituitary cells incubated in vitro. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milenkovic L,Rettori V,Snyder GD,Beutler B,McCann SM

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Release of formylmethionine from the reticulocyte ribosomal substrate, f[(3)H]Met-tRNA.ribosome, is promoted by reticulocyte release factor (RF). The initial rate of this reaction is stimulated by GTP but inhibited by GDPCP. Formation of an RF.UA[(3)H]A(2).ribosome complex is a measure of the binding of reticulocyte R...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tate WP,Beaudet AL,Caskey CT

更新日期：1973-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal pancreatic beta cells demonstrate a deficient insulin release in response to glucose, but the underlying mechanism at the cellular level is unknown. By using beta cells from 21-day fetal rats we made an attempt to clarify the mechanism(s) behind this reduced glucose response. In addition to measuring insulin rel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rorsman P,Arkhammar P,Bokvist K,Hellerström C,Nilsson T,Welsh M,Welsh N,Berggren PO

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven-transmembrane proteins that transmit diverse extracellular signals across a membrane. Herpesvirus genomes encode multiple GPCRs implicated in viral pathogenesis. Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus GPCR (kGPCR) activates proliferative pathways and, when expressed in endo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Lu X,Zhu L,Shen Y,Chengedza S,Feng H,Wang L,Jung JU,Gutkind JS,Feng P

更新日期：2013-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Cloned DNA probes containing genes coding for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcA) of corn and of Chlamydomonas were used to identify, by heterologous hybridization, DNA fragments from Anabaena 7120 carrying the corresponding gene sequence. The same probes were used to isolate, from a reco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Curtis SE,Haselkorn R

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Debate over the influence of postwildfire management on future fire severity is occurring in the absence of empirical studies. We used satellite data, government agency records, and aerial photography to examine a forest landscape in southwest Oregon that burned in 1987 and then was subject, in part, to salvage-loggin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson JR,Spies TA,Ganio LM

更新日期：2007-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:This presentation reviews Chandra's major contribution to the understanding of nearby galaxies. After a brief summary on significant advances in characterizing various types of discrete x-ray sources, the presentation focuses on the global hot gas in and around galaxies, especially normal ones like our own. The hot ga...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang QD

更新日期：2010-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The requirement for protein synthesis in the mechanism of a circadian pacemaker was investigated by using inhibitors of protein synthesis. Continuous treatment of the ocular circadian pacemaker of the mollusc Bulla gouldiana with anisomycin or cycloheximide substantially lengthened (up to 39 and 52 hr, respectively) t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khalsa SB,Whitmore D,Block GD

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus utilizes a type III secretion system to cause death of host cells within hours of infection. We report that cell death is completely independent of apoptosis and occurs by a mechanism in which injection of multiple type III effectors causes induction of autophagy, cell ro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burdette DL,Yarbrough ML,Orvedahl A,Gilpin CJ,Orth K

更新日期：2008-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The fdhF gene encoding the 80-kDa selenopolypeptide subunit of formate dehydrogenase H from Escherichia coli contains an in-frame TGA codon at amino acid position 140, which encodes selenocysteine. We have analyzed how this UGA "sense codon" is discriminated from a UGA codon signaling polypeptide chain termination. De...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zinoni F,Heider J,Böck A

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-assembled monolayer-protected nanoparticles are promising candidates for applications, such as sensing and drug delivery, in which the molecular ligands' interactions with the surrounding environment play a crucial role. We recently showed that, when gold nanoparticles are coated with a binary mixture of immiscib...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Centrone A,Penzo E,Sharma M,Myerson JW,Jackson AM,Marzari N,Stellacci F

更新日期：2008-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfate-assimilating organisms reduce inorganic sulfate for Cys biosynthesis. There are two leading hypotheses for the mechanism of sulfate reduction in higher plants. In one, adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) (5'-adenylysulfate) sulfotransferase carries out reductive transfer of sulfate from APS to reduced glutathion...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Setya A,Murillo M,Leustek T

更新日期：1996-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Most kinases are capable of recognizing and phosphorylating peptides containing short, linear sequence motifs. To measure the activation state of many kinases from the same cell lysate, we created a multiplexed, mass-spectrometry-based in vitro kinase assay. Ninety chemically synthesized peptides derived from well-cha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu Y,Anjum R,Kubota K,Rush J,Villen J,Gygi SP

更新日期：2009-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular and molecular signals involved in axon elongation versus collateral and arbor formation may be intrinsic to developing neurons, or they may derive from targets. To identify signals regulating axon growth modes, we have developed a culture system in which trigeminal ganglion cells are challenged by various tar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Erzurumlu RS,Jhaveri S,Takahashi H,McKay RD

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A full-length placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) cDNA was used to identify and clone the PLAP-like Nagao isozyme gene from human genomic libraries. The entire nucleotide sequence of the gene reveals the existence of 11 exons interrupted by 10 small introns (76-427 base pairs). Putative regulatory sequences have bee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Millán JL,Manes T

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00