Abstract:
:A method was developed to record sterotactically from the cat Superior Olivary Complex (SOC) using glass micropipettes. Sound stimulation was given through a closed system that permitted independent variation of interaural time (delta time) and intensity (delta int) differences. The most common binaural units found (n = 34) were ipsilateral excitatory, contralateral inhibitory (EI1), cells of the Lateral Superior Olive (LSO). Some Medial Superior Olive (MSO) cells and presumed MSO ascending afferents were found but, as noted by other authors, we found it difficult to obtain single unit recordings from this nucleus. The LSO EI cells were mostly sensitive to higher frequencies and showed Peristimulus Time Histograms (PSTHs) consisting of a sharp "On" response followed by a plateau when stimulated with Best Frequency (BF) tone bursts or noise bursts. This "On" response was sensitive to delta time and delta int such that ipsilateral time lead or intensity increase resulted in a stronger response. The response reached a minimum around zero delta time or delta int. No sharp peaks or dips were seen in the physiological range needed for localization, instead the response increased with increasing ipsilateral lead or intensity to the maximum values tested (2048 microseconds delta time, 30 dB delta int). In the physiological range the delta time and delta int response were complementary (both increasing response as ipsilaterality was increased). Provided enough sound energy in the unit's sensitive region was present, the same delta time curves were produced when BF tone bursts, masked tone bursts, "sharp onset" tone bursts or noise bursts were used. Changing the delta time of the carrier of the tone burst alone had no effect (except for one cell with a BF of 560 Hz), only the relative time of arrival of the stimulus envelope seemed to be important. In contrast to these LSO EI cells MSO-type units showed EI or EE predominantly low frequency phase-locked responses. When stimulated with interaurally phase shifted (delta pha) BF tones the unit response was a cyclic function of delta pha. Some cells (all that were tested, n = 6 including the 560 Hz LSO EI cell) showed these cyclic responses when stimulated with noise bursts or non-BF tones. However, these "characteristic delays" were not necessarily in the physiological range, i.e. we could find no evidence that these units were responding to delta time/delta pha values corresponding to a particular sound source direction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Caird D,Klinke Rdoi
10.1007/BF00238032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-01-01 00:00:00pages
385-99issue
3eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract::It is now accepted that performing a cognitive task impacts postural control (Polskaia and Lajoie 2016; Vuillerme et al. Neurosci Lett 291: 77-80, 2000). However, the reverse impact of posture on cognitive performance is less documented. The present study investigated performance in two cognitive activities (memory an...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-020-05858-z
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vigilance is the ability to sustain attention to information for prolonged periods of time, particularly in environments where critical signals may be rare. Recent research in the domain of mind-wandering has suggested that processes associated with mind-wandering may underpin the typical decline in vigilance task per...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-018-5438-5
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult-like fine control of cyclical motor patterns found in locomotion develops into adolescence. Single-leg hopping in place is one such motor pattern where children have demonstrated a reduced capacity to control horizontal motion and match metronome cues. These developmental differences might arise from immature in...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05548-5
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The topography and receptive field (RF) organization of neurones in the trunk zone of the thalamic ventrobasal complex (VB) projecting to the homologous zone of the ipsilateral first somatosensory area (SI) were studied in the cat by performing experiments of retrograde neuronal tracing and microelectrode recording. P...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236234
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Joint stiffness measurements during small transient perturbations have suggested that stiffness during movement is different from that observed during posture. These observations are problematic for theories like the classical equilibrium point hypothesis, which suggest that desired trajectories during movement are en...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210000598
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the extent to which humans can quickly adapt their goal-directed arm movements to perturbed feedback. We predicted that the magnitude of adaptation to a changed relationship between vision and kinesthesia would depend on the type of perturbation, being largest when the perturbation can be generalized w...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1321-4
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired plantar flexor muscle activation during push-off in late stance contributes importantly to reduced gait ability in adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Here we used low-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to suppress soleus EMG activity during push-off as an estimate of corticospinal drive in CP adu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05520-3
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the modulation of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) during precisely controlled force generation and force relaxation in a visuomotor tracking task. Subjects were instructed to track a target line with a line that represented their own force generated by grip movement with the right hand a...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3082-z
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the post-exercise effects of fatiguing the wrist extensor muscles of a single arm on postural tremor and muscle activity in both arms. Previous research has shown that, for neurologically normal subjects, the tremor seen within a single limb segment is uncorrelated to that seen con...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0050-x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Responses to pure visual stimuli and visual-vestibular interactions similar to those reported in other vertebrates were found in single vestibular nucleus neurons in cat. Contrary to prevailing hypotheses, the cerebellum is not an essential part of the pathway mediating these visual responses. ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00239555
更新日期:1978-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The organization of corticocortical connections in the representation of the forepaw in cat primary somatosensory cortex (SI) was studied following injections of various tracers into different cortical cytoarchitectonic areas. Small injections of horseradish peroxidase, wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated HRP, Phaseolus ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227839
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The executive functions, which depend on the adequate maturation and functioning of the prefrontal cortex and its connection to posterior zones, follow a process of development as age increases. This work studied changes in the absolute power (AP) of EEG activity recorded in the prefrontal and parietal areas during th...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3693-z
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal and ventral streams model of action and perception suggests that reaching to grasp a tool for use involves integrated operation of the two streams. Few attempts have been made to test the limits of this integration in normal subjects. Twenty normal subjects reached for tools or geometric objects which were ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3501-9
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Associations between cognitive and motor timing performance are documented in hundreds of studies. A core finding is a correlation of about - 0.3 to - 0.5 between psychometric intelligence and time interval production variability and reaction time, but the nature of the relationship remains unclear. Here, we investiga...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-020-05780-4
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal and cortical afferents to the superior colliculus of the rabbit were labelled simultaneously by injecting 3H-leucine into the right eye and HRP into the left visual cortex. It could be shown that there is some convergence of retinal and cortical input onto common postsynaptic elements in the superficial grey, ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00243837
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we demonstrate a systematic shift in the perceived location of a tactile stimulus on the arm toward where the eye is looking. Participants reported the perceived position of touches presented between the elbow and the wrist while maintaining eye positions at various eccentricities. The perceived location of the ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1884-4
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two rhesus monkeys were trained to make saccadic eye movements from a central fixation point towards a peripheral target. Saccadic reaction times (SRTs) were measured in the gap paradigm (200 ms pause between offset of fixation point and onset of peripheral target). Target position for extensive training (SRTs of 150 ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00230109
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined ERP responses during the generation of word associates or mental images in response to concrete and abstract concepts. Of interest were the predictions of dual coding theory (DCT), which proposes that processing lexical concepts depends on functionally independent but interconnected verbal and nonverbal sy...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2734-8
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent animal studies have found neuronal expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the developmental expression profiles of MHC class I in human CNS remain unclear. Here, we systemically evaluate the expression and subcellular localization of MHC class ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4345-2
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The actions of alpha-kainic acid (KA) were reexamined in thin sections of the hippocampus and the cerebellum of the guinea pig in view of various discrepancies between our previous findings and reports from other laboratories. Brief pulses of KA ejected in st. lucidum in the CA3 region induced short- and long-lasting ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00248508
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dementia due to cerebral ischemic lesions is relatively common in the elderly. Since many of these lesions are probably caused by emboli, studying emboli-induced cerebral lesions in rabbits should, hopefully, provide information that is useful when searching for a means of preventing and treating vascular dementia in ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050622
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this investigation was to understand the functions of long horizontal connections projecting from area 17 to area 18 in cats. The animals were anesthetized and prepared for recording single-cell responses to sine-wave gratings in area 18. Neuronal activity was analyzed under three conditions: prior to, duri...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005596
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The factors controlling neurogenesis and differentiation of olfactory receptor cells in adults are poorly understood, although it is often stated that these cells undergo continual turnover after a predetermined lifespan. An interesting model in which to study mechanisms which control olfactory receptor neurogenesis a...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247534
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dorsomedial frontal cortex (DMFC) was studied in monkeys trained to make visually guided eye or arm movements. Portions of DMFC are involved in the execution of learned, goal-directed behaviors. Many neurons discharge with both eye and hand movements as well as when motor responses are withheld, provided these behavio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247300
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence suggests that blind subjects outperform the sighted on certain tactile discrimination tasks depending on cutaneous inputs. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of blind (n = 14) and sighted (n = 15) subjects in a haptic angle discrimination task, depending on both cutaneous and pro...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1327-7
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine the responses of paraventricular nucleus neurones following activation of central serotonergic pathways, single unit activity was recorded and responses following electrical stimulation of the midbrain dorsal raphe nucleus were examined. Excitation was recorded from approximately 50% of the cells...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228913
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present work was to characterize calcium responses of brain-capillary endothelial cells (BCEC), the cells forming the blood-brain barrier, to chemical, hyperosmolar and mechanical stimulation. Confluent BCEC cultures were grown from capillary fragments isolated from rat cerebral cortex. Intracellula...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050755
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 3-day incremental protocol was conducted with the aim of adapting human subjects to make head movements comfortably during 30 RPM centrifugation. With motion sickness as a potentially limiting factor, the protocol was designed using a quantitative motion sickness model based upon the neural mismatch sensory conflict...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1415-8
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated changes in motor memories with the passage of time on the order of hours. We sought to further this work by determining the influence that time on the order of seconds has on motor learning by changing the duration between successive reaches (inter-reach-interval (IRI)). Human subjec...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0062-6
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional decline in locomotion is common among the elderly, and the prevalence of gait disorders increases with age. Recently, increasing interest has been focused on the influence of age-related decline in brain function and neurological disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease on gait capacity. However, ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1643-y
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00