Abstract：
:The purpose of the present work was to characterize calcium responses of brain-capillary endothelial cells (BCEC), the cells forming the blood-brain barrier, to chemical, hyperosmolar and mechanical stimulation. Confluent BCEC cultures were grown from capillary fragments isolated from rat cerebral cortex. Intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) was measured using fura-2 and digital imaging. Our experiments show large endothelial calcium responses to substance P and ATP, up to a peak value of approximately 1000 and 600 nM, respectively, and these responses were observed in 2/3 of the cells. Calcium responses to bradykinin, histamine, and hyperosmolar sucrose or mannitol were smaller, attaining a peak in the range 180-340 nM, and were observed in a smaller fraction of the cells. No calcium responses were observed to high-potassium, L-glutamate, serotonin, carbachol, noradrenaline, and nitric-oxide donors. Consecutive superfusion of the cultures with ATP, bradykinin, and histamine showed that cells with a certain response pattern were spatially grouped; the response pattern itself varied widely between experiments. Mechanical stimulation of a single cell caused a calcium response in the stimulated cell in primary cultures and triggered an intercellularly propagating calcium wave in passaged cultures. Given the important effect of endothelial [Ca2+]i on blood-brain barrier permeability and transport, we conclude that substance P and ATP are potential modulators of blood-brain barrier function. Hyperosmolarity-induced blood-brain barrier opening is probably not mediated through endothelial [Ca2+]i.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Paemeleire K,de Hemptinne A,Leybaert Ldoi
10.1007/s002210050755keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-06-01 00:00:00pages
473-81issue
4eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In rat barrel cortex, evoked potentials (EPs) to vibrissa stimulation can be divided into two distinct classes according to the relative contribution of their principal components. Our experiments support the notion that these components can be attributed to activation of two pyramidal cell populations: supra- and inf...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s002210050552
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single cells were recorded in layers A and A1 of the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) with multibarrel micropipettes. Interocular inhibition ("binocular inhibition") was elicited by phase-reversing gratings presented monocularly to the nondominant eye. This inhibition was blocked by microiontophoretic appl...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00239516
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hand shaping during prehension involves intricate coordination of a complex system of bones, joints, and muscles. It is widely hypothesized that the motor system uses strategies to reduce the degrees of independent control. Both biomechanical constraints that result in coupling of the fingers and joints and neural syn...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-4117-4
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four experiments were performed with macaque monkeys (rhesus, Macaca mulatta, and cynomolgus, M. fascicularis). In experiment 1 six rhesus monkeys learned pre-operatively to perform delayed matching-to-sample, with complex naturalistic scenes as the stimulus material. Three of these monkeys then received bilateral abl...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228977
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the simple-spike activity of Purkinje cells (P cells) in the ventral paraflocculus (VPFL) of behaving monkeys in association with movements of the visual scene that evoke short-latency ocular following responses. One group of P cells discharged maximally for downward motion, and the other for motion toward...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228385
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soleus (SOL) corticospinal excitability has been reported to increase during Achilles tendon vibration. The aim of the present study was to further investigate SOL corticospinal excitability and elucidate the changes to intracortical mechanisms during Achilles tendon vibration. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were elic...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4336-3
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Movements of the dominant and nondominant hand have been claimed to differ with respect to how they take intersegmental dynamics into account. Consistent with this claim, movements of the dominant hand are hypothesized to better exploit the intrinsic limb dynamics, whereas movements of the nondominant hand are control...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0747-5
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhythmic auditory cues aim to modulate step times while walking. Their effect on the variability of minimum foot clearance, which is "normally" the most controlled gait parameter in normal overground walking, has not been studied, yet. We aim to analyse the effects of auditory cues on the variability of foot clearance...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4754-x
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, the sensitivity to sinusoidal linear accelerations in the plane of the utricular macula was tested in afferents. The head orientation relative to the translation axis was varied in order to determine the head position that elicited the maximal and minimal responses for each afferent. The response...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050219
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During fast, saccadic eye movements visual perception is suppressed. This saccadic suppression prevents erroneous and distracting motion percepts resulting from saccade induced retinal slip. Although saccadic suppression occurs over a substantial time interval around the saccade, there is no "perceptual gap" during sa...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-0876-5
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When two hands require different information in bimanual asymmetric movements, interference can occur via callosal connections and ipsilateral corticospinal pathways. This interference could potentially work as a cost-effective measure in symmetric movements, allowing the same information to be commonly available to b...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2244-0
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the thalamic ventrobasal complex (VB) of the cat, effects of electrical stimulation of the pyramidal tract (PT) upon activities of 112 relay cells and 18 internuncial cells were examined. Single PT shocks to the cerebral peduncle elicited short-latency discharges in 31 relay cells (mean latency, 1.4 +/- 0.5 msec). ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00234770
更新日期：1975-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:In humans, vibration applied to muscle tendons evokes illusory sensations of movement that are usually associated with an excitatory tonic response in muscles antagonistic to those vibrated (antagonist vibratory response or AVR). The aim of the present study was to investigate the neurophysiological mechanisms underly...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050631
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When a target moves to a new location during a rapid aiming movement, the hand follows it, even when the participant intends not to. Pisella et al. (Nat Neurosci 3:729-736, 2000) claim that the posterior parietal cortex, in the dorsal visual stream, is responsible for this 'automatic pilot'. Here we study the limits o...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-0935-y
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previous study, we assessed the synchronous neural interactions (SNI) in a developing neural network in brain cultures on multielectrode arrays (Christopoulos et al. in J Neural Eng 9:046008, 2012). Here, we report on the effects of apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) on these neural interactions. We carried out six experi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4270-4
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous findings have suggested that visuomotor programming can make use of learned size information in experimental paradigms where movement kinematics are quite consistent from trial to trial. The present experiment was designed to test whether or not this conclusion could be generalized to a different manipulation...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1250-2
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular recording techniques were used to test for cross-modality and topographic convergence among inputs to area 3a of cerebral cortex. Recordings were made within the projection area of group I afferent fibers of the deep radial nerve in barbiturate-anesthetized cats. Epsps were evoked in 90% of neurons (81/9...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236532
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual information regarding limb location can override proprioceptive information when there is conflict between the two-a phenomenon referred to as visual capture. In three experiments, we employed the "mirror illusion," in which the perceived location of one's hand is influenced by the visual information specified ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2445-6
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of this study show that the different receptive fields of multisensory neurons in the cortex of the cat anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AES) were in spatial register, and it is this register that determined the manner in which these neurons integrated multiple sensory stimuli. The functional properties of mul...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227844
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disease with a complex etiology that results from genetic risk factors, environmental exposures and most likely a combination of both. Rodent models of parkinsonism aim to reproduce key pathogenic features of the syndrome including movement disorder induced by the progressi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0461-3
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that lagged and non-lagged cells in the cat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) represent state-dependent response modes of the same class of LGN cells. In two separate experiments with single-unit recording in the LGN of anaesthetized and paralysed adult cats, a lagged and a nonlagged X-cell...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02259147
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work has highlighted the role of haptic feedback for manual dexterity, in particular for the control of precision grip forces between the index finger and thumb. It is unclear how fine motor skills involving more than just two digits might be affected, especially given that loss of sensation from the hand aff...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-019-05583-2
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to identify the functional fields activated in relation to gestural movements. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we mapped brain activity in ten right-handed, normal volunteers during activation and control tasks. The activation condition consisted of pantomiming tool-us...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002210100777
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excitatory inputs to neurons in the Forel's field H (FFH) related to visually induced vertical saccades from the ipsilateral superior colliculus (SC) were investigated in chronically prepared alert cats. By stimulation of the deep or intermediate layer of the SC, upward augmenting neurons (ANs) and one long-lead downw...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230857
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Absolute refractory periods of a subpopulation of corticomedial amygdala (CMA) neurones which project to the medial preoptic/anterior hypothalamic junction (MPH) via the stria terminalis were recorded in the female rat. Previous experiments have shown that this sub-population of CMA neurones is testosterone-sensitive ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236571
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examines the development of grip force modulation relating to self-induced loads during repetitive vertical arm movements at different frequencies with a hand-held object. One hundred and thirty-four 3- to 6-year-old children and 16 adults were asked to move a lightweight object up and down at increa...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000622
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate whether priming stimulation influences the responses of intracortical inhibitory and facilitatory motor circuits to a subsequent plasticity-inducing inhibitory theta burst TMS paradigm. Using standard transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) procedures, MEP amplitude, short-interval intracortical inhibit...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2886-6
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Geniculate cell responses to moving bars and moving texture were compared in normal cats and in cats in which the corticofugal feedback was removed by cortical ablation. In experimental animals the response strength and the velocity upper cutoff assessed with a moving bar was reduced compared to control animals. The s...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00608257
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have shown that rapid manual aiming movements from one to the other wing of Müller-Lyer illusion figures are biased in a manner consistent with their influence on perceptual judgments. Two experiments examined the role of extent and position information in Müller-Lyer figures in biasing pointing moveme...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-004-2156-y
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) on brain activity remain unknown. In healthy subjects, we studied the effects of rTMS on the duration of the cortical silent period (SP). Repetitive stimuli were delivered with a Cadwell High Speed Magnetic Stimulator and a figure-of-eight coil placed over the ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050661
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
