Abstract：
:John Snow was a genius in epidemiology. His achievement was to evolve an elegant, internally and externally consistent theory which concerned the mechanisms and processes involved in every aspect of the subject he had chosen to study. In order to do this he did not restrict himself to any method. He used all skills available to himself and his colleagues. He published his theory, and practical suggestions for the prevention of cholera arising out it, both internally in medical meetings and to the medical press, and to the public in the form of pamphlets and in reports addressed to the appropriate authority. This surely should be the objective of all epidemiological work.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Cameron D,Jones IGdoi
10.1093/ije/12.4.393subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-12-01 00:00:00pages
393-6issue
4eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685journal_volume
12pub_type
传,历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:The prevalence of human T-lymphotropic retrovirus (HTLV) was examined in Taiwan's indigenous populations. In all, 797 healthy subjects in Taiwan including Han Chinese and nine indigenous populations (Ami, Atayal, Bunun, Saisiat, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Tsuo, and Yami) were examined for the presence of antibodies to HTL...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/22.5.927
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A generalized least squares regression approach is proposed for the analysis of data arising from experimental studies involving cluster randomization and non-experimental studies in which the major treatment factor corresponds to a characteristic which applies at the cluster level. This approach is more flexible than...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/14.2.322
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium disease on the basis of history and physical examination alone is often difficult. Tests have thus been developed to allow an early and more accurate diagnosis. However these tests have substantial imperfections and many different results obtained from these tests must be integ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/17.1.202
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A population-based case-control study was carried out in Mwanza Region, Tanzania, to determine the relative and population attributable risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection for developing active tuberculosis. Cases were 441 consecutively diagnosed patients with tuberculosis (all types), aged 1...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/22.6.1159
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Lower maternal serum vitamin B12 (B12) and folate levels have been associated with lower offspring birthweight, in observational studies. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this relationship is causal. METHODS:We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using summary data on associati...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyaa256
更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the independent and combined relationships of body mass index (BMI) peak and rebound with adiposity, insulin resistance and metabolic risk later in life. We used data from Project Viva, a well-characterized birth cohort from Boston with repeated measures of BMI, to help fill this ga...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyy286
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing life expectancy has brought public health concern about the increase in prevalence of disability in old age. Reducing the prevalence of disability in older age requires the identification of preventable or modifiable risk factors earlier in life. We have examined the relationship between lifestyle...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous evidence from the Alameda County Study indicated that residential area has an independent effect on risk for mortality, adjusting for a variety of important individual characteristics. The current research examined the effect of poverty area residence on risk for developing depressive symptoms and d...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/28.1.90
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that increased levels of physical activity might decrease the risk of prostate cancer. We ascertained lifetime measures of activity in a population-based case-control study of prostate cancer in Shanghai, China to investigate physical activity in a population where the incidence of prostate c...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/30.2.341
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine whether chlorination of drinking water was associated with cancer of the digestive or other organs, an ecological epidemiological study using nationwide incidence data from the Cancer Registry of Norway was carried out. On two geographical levels (counties and municipalities), both for men and women, chlori...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/21.1.6
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microscopic examination of multiple faeces samples of 2 825 persons was carried out in the Metropolitan Lagos. Overall prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica was 11.2%. Prevalence increased rapidly in younger age groups and there were no real differences between males and females. Prevalence was high among families who a...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/8.1.55
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from a complex interplay between genetics and the environment. Several epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have found DNA methylation loci associated with T2D in European populations. However, data from African populations are lacking. We undertook the first EWAS for T2D a...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyy171
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal models suggest that compounds containing a nitrosyl group (N-nitroso compounds (NNO)) can act as potent transplacental carcinogens. Many common drug formulations have the potential to undergo nitrosation in vivo. The association between maternal use of nitrosatable drugs during pregnancy and developme...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/24.2.308
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study investigated whether patients with a history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are at increased risk of developing psoriasis. METHODS:We enrolled 66 274 patients with HPV infection between 1997 and 2013 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, and compared them with cont...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyaa027
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Children with a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD) have lower cognitive ability and are at risk of adverse educational outcomes; ADHD genetic risks have been found to predict childhood cognitive ability and other neurodevelopmental traits in the general population; thus genetic risks...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyw216
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) cluster survey methodology has been successfully used for assessing levels of immunization programme coverage in developing country settings, certain features of the methodology, as it is usually carried out, make it less-than-optimal choice for large, na...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/25.1.198
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Occupational hygiene panels are increasingly being used to rate retrospective occupational exposures to chemicals in community-based studies. This study aimed to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of using such an expert panel in a brain tumour case-control study. METHODS:A panel of five exper...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/26.3.635
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study presents data on cancer incidence among 37,795 blood donors in an attempt to test the hypothesis that blood donation might be associated with cancer development. At a median follow-up time of nine years (range 5-13 years) a total of 1152 cancer cases have been diagnosed. The expected number of cancer cases ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/19.3.505
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The risk of cancer was evaluated among 77,952 asthma patients with bronchial asthma. The series was obtained through linkage of two registers: the Finnish Social Insurance Institution's file of asthma patients and the Finnish Cancer Registry. There was a significant excess risk of lung cancer in both sexes, the standa...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/22.6.976
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:End-stage renal disease (ESRD) incidence and prevalence are increasing in many countries worldwide. Due to the high cost of therapy, predicting future numbers of patients requiring dialysis and transplantation is necessary for health care planners. Projecting therapy-specific chronic disease prevalence is in...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/27.2.274
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Spot checks are becoming a popular method to assess hygiene behaviours; however, little is known about their repeatability or predictability. We evaluated the within-household repeatability of hygiene indices created from spot checks and their ability to predict incidence of diarrhoea in young Guatemalan chi...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyl165
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Undernutrition is associated with an increased risk of death among young children in developing countries. Infant and child nutritional status and mortality were monitored in a rural area of Casamance, Senegal. METHODS:Analysis of weight measurements taken at 3-24 months of age during routine growth monitor...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyh174
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An outbreak of typhoid fever occurred in Chu-Tung township, Taiwan, with dates of onset from 6 July to 8 August, 1983. Fifty-four cases were hospitalized, of which 52 were laboratory confirmed. A chloramphenicol-resistant strain of Salmonella typhi was isolated from patients' blood samples. A community survey of 2772 ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/18.1.254
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Shahroud Eye Cohort Study was set up to determine the prevalence and incidence of visual impairment and major eye conditions in the 40-64-year-old population of Shahroud as a Middle Eastern population. The first phase of the study was conducted in 2009-10. Using random cluster sampling, 6311 Shahroud inhabitants w...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dys161
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Under-5 mortality is unacceptably high in many countries, the burden of which is mainly borne by the poor. Whereas country characteristics are known to influence under-5 mortality, it is unknown whether these have a different impact on the poor and the rich. We aimed to describe how the association between u...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyi190
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Bundling, which consists of wrapping an infant for prolonged periods in a sheepskin cover after dried cow dung is applied, is a common and apparently unique practice limited to the rural, mountainous regions of Northern Pakistan. The practice is initiated at various ages during the neonatal period. Its poten...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/25.4.879
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied cytosolic low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase (cLMWPTP or ACP1) in 364 healthy puerperae from the population of Penne, in 155 diabetic puerperae from the population of Rome and in 349 consecutive normal newborn infants from the population of Rome. The data from these independent samples po...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/ije/30.2.400
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1983 and 1984, surveys were conducted in four Chinese population samples, urban and rural for both Beijing and Guangzhou, as part of PRC-USA collaborative research in cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary epidemiology. Serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were measured in 4280 ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/21.5.893
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although smoking and HPV infection are recognized as important risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer, how their joint exposure impacts on oropharyngeal cancer risk is unclear. Specifically, whether smoking confers any additional risk to HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is not understood. METHODS:Using HPV ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/ije/dyw069
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal. Most countries have exhibited a stable or decreasing incidence over time. The aim of this study was to provide updated French temporal trends in pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality over the past three decades. Methods:Incidence was estimated using the Frenc...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyx088
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
