Abstract:
:Rabbit corneas denuded of their endothelium were coated with bovine corneal endothelial cells (from steers) previously maintained in tissue culture for short (20 generations) or prolonged (200 generations) periods. When grafted back into female rabbits, the corneal buttons remained clear and showed no edema. In contrast, denuded corneas coated with bovine keratocytes and grafted into rabbits became opaque and edematous within 7 days and remained so thereafter. Bovine corneal endothelial cells of the grafted corneas, which had remained clear for over 100 days, proliferated actively when put back into tissue culture. The corneal endothelial cells of the graft were characteristic of the male (XY). The chromosome number of the endothelium of the recipient rabbit was 2n = 44 with sex chromosomes characteristic of the female (XX). Results of the karyotype analysis show that there was no invasion of the corneal button by the recipient endothelium and, conversely, no invasion of the recipient endothelium by the endothelium on the corneal button. These results demonstrate that cultured corneal endothelial cells remain functional in vitro and can replace a damaged or nonfunctional endothelium in vivo.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Gospodarowicz D,Greenburg G,Alvarado Jdoi
10.1073/pnas.76.1.464subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-01-01 00:00:00pages
464-8issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The fate of two recently described human B lymphocyte-specific antigens (B1 and B2) was studied after B-cell activation in vivo and in vitro. Whereas both B1 and B2 were present on virtually all B cells from normal lymph nodes, B2 was absent from approximately 50% of B cells from hyperplastic lymph nodes. When B cells...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.6.3848
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) most frequently occurs in southern China and southeast Asia. Epidemiology studies link NPC to genetic predisposition, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and environmental factors. Genetic studies indicate that mutations in chromatin-modifying enzymes are the most frequent genetic altera...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1705236114
更新日期:2017-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::How cells achieve their final sizes is a pervasive biological question. One strategy to increase cell size is for the cell to amplify its chromosomal DNA content through endoreduplication cycles. Although endoreduplication is widespread in eukaryotes, we know very little about its molecular mechanisms. Successful prog...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0505883102
更新日期:2005-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid have been attached covalently to the 5' terminus of the deoxynucleotide sequence C-A-C-A-A-T-T-C-C-A-C-A-C-A-A-C (16-mer) via an ethylenediamine linker. In the presence of Fe2+ and dithiothreitol, these reagents bring about the hybridization-depend...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.4.963
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue kallikrein (TK) is a serine protease synthetized in renal tubular cells located upstream from the collecting duct where renal potassium balance is regulated. Because secretion of TK is promoted by K+ intake, we hypothesized that this enzyme might regulate plasma K+ concentration ([K+]). We showed in wild-type m...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913070107
更新日期:2010-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Even in the absence of sensory stimulation, the neocortex shows complex spontaneous activity patterns, often consisting of alternating "DOWN" states of generalized neural silence and "UP" states of massive, persistent network activity. To investigate how this spontaneous activity propagates through neuronal assemblies...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605643104
更新日期:2007-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmids have been constructed to generate substrates for the study of proteinases 2A and 3C of poliovirus. They contain the P1 (capsomer precursor) region of the poliovirus genome or P1 and part of P2 (a nonstructural precursor), which can be transcribed and translated in vitro. A transcript containing the entire 5' ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.12.4002
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gametocytes are nonreplicative sexual forms that mediate malaria transmission to a mosquito vector. They are generated from asexual blood-stage parasites that proliferate in the circulation. However, little is known about how this transition is genetically regulated. Here, we report that an Apetala2 (AP2) family trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1504389112
更新日期:2015-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::The receptor 2B4 belongs to the Ig superfamily and is found on the surface of all murine natural killer (NK) cells as well as T cells displaying non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity. Previous studies have suggested that 2B4 is an activating molecule because cross-linking of this receptor results in increased cytotoxicity a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.7.3870
更新日期:1999-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Stabilization of neuronal activity by homeostatic control systems is fundamental for proper functioning of neural circuits. Failure in neuronal homeostasis has been hypothesized to underlie common pathophysiological mechanisms in a variety of brain disorders. However, the key molecules regulating homeostasis in centra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1424810112
更新日期:2015-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::The polymerization of individual RecA-DNA filaments, containing either single-stranded or double-stranded DNA, was followed in real time, and their mechanical properties were characterized with force-measuring laser tweezers. It was found that the stretch modulus of a filament is dominated by its (central) DNA compone...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.10109
更新日期:1999-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Transfection of cells with the H-2Kk gene lacking the transmembrane and cytoplasmic segments resulted in secretion of the H-2Kk protein, as determined by immunoprecipitation with monoclonal anti-H-2Kk antibodies. Transgenic (H-2b X H-2d)F1 mice were established carrying integrated copies of the modified H-2Kk gene. Ex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.7.2269
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Structural differences between dynein and kinesin suggest a unique molecular mechanism of dynein motility. Measuring the mechanical properties of a single molecule of dynein is crucial for revealing the mechanisms underlying its movement. We measured the step size and force produced by single molecules of active cytop...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0508511103
更新日期:2006-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Because of increased numbers of recorded pertussis cases in the United States, this study sought to understand the role of nonmedical vaccine exemptions and waning immunity may have had on the resurgence of pertussis in the United States at the community level. We used geospatial scan statistics, SaTScan, version 9.4,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1700240114
更新日期:2017-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::A hitherto unknown Neoproterozoic orogenic system, the Saharides, is described in North Africa. It formed during the 900-500-Ma interval. The Saharides involved large subduction accretion complexes occupying almost the entire Arabian Shield and much of Egypt and parts of the small Precambrian inliers in the Sahara inc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2015117117
更新日期:2020-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle wasting is a debilitating consequence of fasting, inactivity, cancer, and other systemic diseases that results primarily from accelerated protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. To identify key factors in this process, we have used cDNA microarrays to compare normal and atrophying muscles and f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.251541198
更新日期:2001-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Allergies are highly prevalent, and allergic responses can be triggered even in the absence of allergens due to Pavlovian conditioning to a specific cue. Here we show in humans suffering from allergic rhinitis that merely reencountering the environmental context in which an allergen was administered a week earlier is ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1920564117
更新日期:2020-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::The influential role of Wnt5a in tumor progression underscores the requirement for developing molecules that can target Wnt5a-mediated cellular responses. In the aggressive skin cancer, melanoma, elevated Wnt5a expression promotes cell motility and drives metastasis. Two approaches can be used to counteract these effe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0909409106
更新日期:2009-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanism of enzymatic conversion of a fatty acid to the corresponding alkane by the loss of the carboxyl carbon was investigated with particulate preparations from Pisum sativum. A heavy particulate preparation (sp. gr., 1.30 g/cm3) isolated by two density-gradient centrifugation steps catalyzed conversion of octadec...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.21.6613
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past 15 years, the adoption of subnational immigration policies in the United States, such as those established by individual states, has gone from nearly zero to over 300 per year. These include welcoming policies aimed at attracting and incorporating immigrants, as well as unwelcoming policies directed at den...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1711293115
更新日期:2018-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Mapping posttranslational modifications (PTMs), which diversely modulate biological functions, represents a significant analytical challenge. The centerpiece technology for PTM site identification, mass spectrometry (MS), requires proteolytic cleavage in the vicinity of a PTM to yield peptides for sequencing. This req...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1609925113
更新日期:2016-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 enzymes are monooxygenases that contain a functional heme b group linked to a conserved cysteine with a thiolate bond. In the native state, the central iron atom is hexacoordinated with a covalently bound water molecule. The exclusion of solvent molecules from the active site is essential for efficient...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.6.2133
更新日期:1997-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::DNA sequences in Neurospora crassa that code for ribosomal RNA have been isolated in a highly purified state by DNA-RNA hybridization. About 100 separate ribosomal RNA genes exist in each nucleus. These genes are composed of repeated sequences that are present about 100 times per nucleus. The individual members of thi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.11.3256
更新日期:1972-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The way general anesthetics cause their clinically useful effects on the nervous system is not known. Since the principal determinant of the potency of these agents is their solubility in oil, the role of chemical structure in affecting anesthetic targets has been obscured. In this work, we use an intense beam of ligh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.6.2135
更新日期:1994-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful tool for physical mapping in human and other mammalian species. However, application of the FISH technique has been limited in plant species, especially for mapping single- or low-copy DNA sequences, due to inconsistent signal production in plant chromosome prepa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.10.4487
更新日期:1995-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Transmission electron microscopy studies have been used to argue that magnetite crystals in carbonate from Martian meteorite ALH84001 have a composition and morphology indistinguishable from that of magnetotactic bacteria. It has even been claimed from scanning electron microscopy imaging that some ALH84001 magnetite ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0402292101
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hydrodynamic properties of the detergent-solubilized, terminal membrane complex of serum complement components C5-C9 [C5b-9(m)] were studied to obtain an estimate of its molecular weight. In a solution of Triton X-100/deoxycholate, the protein complex binds 17% Triton X-100 and 11% deoxycholate by weight. The sedi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.3.1818
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The satellite sequences (AGGGAG)(n) and Ty3/gypsy-like retrotransposons are known to localize at the barley centromeres. Using a gametocidal system, which induces chromosomal mutations in barley chromosomes added to common wheat, we obtained an isochromosome for the short arm of barley chromosome 7H (7HS) that lacked ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0504235102
更新日期:2005-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::We describe preliminary studies of the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and excretion of an oligodeoxy-nucleotide phosphorothioate ([S]oligonucleotide) in mice. After either intravenous or intraperitoneal administration of a single dose (30 mg/kg of body weight), [S]oligonucleotide (35S-labeled at each internucleoti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.17.7595
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a neurotoxin that causes parkinsonism in humans and nonhuman animals, and its use has led to greater understanding of the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. However, its molecular targets have not been defined. We show that mice lacking the gene for poly(ADP-rib...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.10.5774
更新日期:1999-05-11 00:00:00