Transformation of Phycomyces blakesleeanus to G-418 resistance by an autonomously replicating plasmid.

abstract：:The persistent tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive sodium current, detected in neurons of many regions of mammalian brains, is associated with many essential neuronal activities, including boosting of excitatory synaptic inputs, acceleration of firing rates, and promotion of oscillatory neuronal activities. However, the orig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu Z,Song W,Dong K

更新日期：2004-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-scale conformational changes in proteins are often associated with the binding of a substrate. Because conformational changes may be related to the function of an enzyme, understanding the kinetics and energetics of these motions is very important. We have delineated the atomically detailed conformational transi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arora K,Brooks CL 3rd

更新日期：2007-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The measurement of any nonchromosomal genetic contribution to the heritability of a trait is often confounded by the inability to control both the chromosomal and nonchromosomal information in a population. We have designed a unique system in yeast where we can control both sources of information so that the phenotype...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Edwards MD,Symbor-Nagrabska A,Dollard L,Gifford DK,Fink GR

更新日期：2014-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We have totally synthesized a gene that codes for rat hepatic cytochrome b5. The 5' flanking region was designed for efficient expression of this gene in Escherichia coli by incorporating an optimum ribosome binding site and spacer region. Both a soluble form, analogous to the protease-treated microsomal protein, as w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beck von Bodman S,Schuler MA,Jollie DR,Sligar SG

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common complaint among pain patients is that they lose their appetite. These accounts are anecdotal, however, and the neural mechanism underlying pain-induced loss of appetite remains unknown. In this study, we documented the occurrence of appetite loss in patients under migraine attack and investigated the neuronal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malick A,Jakubowski M,Elmquist JK,Saper CB,Burstein R

更新日期：2001-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the direct measurement of thermodynamic properties of colloidal hard spheres by optical microscopy. By using confocal microscopy, we obtain three-dimensional snapshots of a colloidal hard-sphere suspension over a wide range of densities. From these snapshots, the available volume to insert an additional sphe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dullens RP,Aarts DG,Kegel WK

更新日期：2006-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Local levels of active thyroid hormone (3,3',5-triiodothyronine) are controlled by the action of activating and inactivating iodothyronine deiodinase enzymes. Deiodinases are selenocysteine-dependent membrane proteins catalyzing the reductive elimination of iodide from iodothyronines through a poorly understood mechan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schweizer U,Schlicker C,Braun D,Köhrle J,Steegborn C

更新日期：2014-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant techniques allow one to engineer an antibody molecule and, in this way, manipulate its properties and functions. We engineered a chimeric human/mouse antibody to the tumor-associated antigen ganglioside GD2, with the aim of decreasing its serum half-life, maintaining its full antigen-binding capacity, and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mueller BM,Reisfeld RA,Gillies SD

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the prostate gland of adult mammals, most epithelial cells are in a state of proliferative quiescence. Androgens regulate this effect by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G(0)/G(1) phase. Potential mediators of this androgen-induced proliferative shutoff were identified by means of subtracted cDNA libraries. The ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geck P,Maffini MV,Szelei J,Sonnenschein C,Soto AM

更新日期：2000-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies were raised against two synthetic peptides whose sequences correspond respectively to the COOH-terminal end (residues 501-516) of the protein encoded by the gene for the delta chain and to a proposed cytoplasmic region (residues 350-358) of the beta chain of the acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Young EF,Ralston E,Blake J,Ramachandran J,Hall ZW,Stroud RM

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plastid development in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana is affected by the transfer of (1)O(2)-mediated retrograde signals from the plastid to the nucleus and changes in nuclear gene expression during late embryogenesis. The potential impact of these mechanisms on plastid differentiation is maintained throughout seed...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim C,Lee KP,Baruah A,Nater M,Göbel C,Feussner I,Apel K

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The human MHC represents the strongest susceptibility locus for autoimmune diseases. However, the identification of the true predisposing gene(s) has been handicapped by the strong linkage disequilibrium across the region. Furthermore, most studies to date have been limited to the examination of a subset of the HLA an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： International MHC and Autoimmunity Genetics Network.,Rioux JD,Goyette P,Vyse TJ,Hammarström L,Fernando MM,Green T,De Jager PL,Foisy S,Wang J,de Bakker PI,Leslie S,McVean G,Padyukov L,Alfredsson L,Annese V,Hafler DA,Pan-

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure and the expression of 11 cellular oncogenes (protooncogenes) were analyzed in primary cells from 20 acute lymphocytic (ALL) and 31 acute myelogenous (AML) leukemia patients. Neoplastic cells, obtained prior to initiation of therapy, were purified and classified, on the basis of both surface antigen patte...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mavilio F,Sposi NM,Petrini M,Bottero L,Marinucci M,De Rossi G,Amadori S,Mandelli F,Peschle C

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of apoptosis (programmed cell death). However, the biological function of apoptotic DNA fragmentation remains unclear. Here, we show that DNA fragmentation factor plays an important role for maintaining genomic stability. Inhibition or loss of the DNA fragmentation factor (DFF)/caspase-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yan B,Wang H,Peng Y,Hu Y,Wang H,Zhang X,Chen Q,Bedford JS,Dewhirst MW,Li CY

更新日期：2006-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Tc1-like transposable elements from teleost fish have been phylogenetically examined to determine the mechanisms involved in their evolution and conserved domains of function. We identified two new functional domains in these elements. The first is a bipartite nuclear localization signal, indicating that transposons c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ivics Z,Izsvak Z,Minter A,Hackett PB

更新日期：1996-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Two forms of lactoferrin, an intact lactoferrin and a "nicked" but apparently intact (i.e., 78-kDa) form, have been isolated from the urine of preterm infants fed human milk. These two forms of lactoferrin, demonstrated to be entirely of maternal origin, were copurified using affinity columns of immobilized single-str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hutchens TW,Henry JF,Yip TT

更新日期：1991-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA 3'-phosphate cyclase (RtcA) synthesizes RNA 2',3' cyclic phosphate ends via three steps: reaction with ATP to form a covalent RtcA-(histidinyl-Nε)-AMP intermediate; transfer of adenylate to an RNA 3'-phosphate to form RNA(3')pp(5')A; and attack of the vicinal O2' on the 3'-phosphorus to form a 2',3' cyclic phospha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chakravarty AK,Smith P,Shuman S

更新日期：2011-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Most proteins are in equilibrium with partially and globally unfolded conformations. In contrast, kinetically stable proteins (KSPs) are trapped by an energy barrier in a specific state, unable to transiently sample other conformations. Among many potential roles, it appears that kinetic stability (KS) is a feature us...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xia K,Manning M,Hesham H,Lin Q,Bystroff C,Colón W

更新日期：2007-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared chicken erythrocyte linker histones H1 and H5 binding to a synthetic four-way DNA junction. Each histone binds to form a single complex, with an affinity which permits competition against a large excess of linear duplex DNA. The affinity of H5 is higher than that of H1. The globular domain from either...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varga-Weisz P,Zlatanova J,Leuba SH,Schroth GP,van Holde K

更新日期：1994-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:This work describes the rational design, synthesis, and study of a ligand that selectively complexes CUG repeats in RNA (and CTG repeats in DNA) with high nanomolar affinity. This sequence is considered a causative agent of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) because of its ability to sequester muscleblind-like (MBNL) pro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arambula JF,Ramisetty SR,Baranger AM,Zimmerman SC

更新日期：2009-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:p53, the most commonly mutated gene in human tumors, is believed to play a crucial role in the prevention of cancer by protecting cells from mutation, a theory commonly known as the "Guardian of the Genome" hypothesis. There are two hypotheses as to how this can occur. In the first, p53 protects the genome by retardin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bielas JH,Heddle JA

更新日期：2003-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In light of the rapid recent retreat of Arctic sea ice, a number of studies have discussed the possibility of a critical threshold (or "tipping point") beyond which the ice-albedo feedback causes the ice cover to melt away in an irreversible process. The focus has typically been centered on the annual minimum (Septemb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eisenman I,Wettlaufer JS

更新日期：2009-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Gamma-band synchronization adjusts the timing of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to a neuron. Neurons in the visual cortex are selective for stimulus orientation because of dynamic interactions between excitatory and inhibitory inputs. We hypothesized that these interactions and hence also orientation selectivity var...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Womelsdorf T,Lima B,Vinck M,Oostenveld R,Singer W,Neuenschwander S,Fries P

更新日期：2012-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The F(1)F(0) ATP synthase is the smallest motor enzyme known. Previous studies had established that the central stalk, made of the gamma and epsilon subunits in the F(1) part and c subunit ring in the F(0) part, rotates relative to a stator composed of alpha(3)beta(3)deltaab(2) during ATP hydrolysis and synthesis. How...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsunoda SP,Rodgers AJ,Aggeler R,Wilce MC,Yoshida M,Capaldi RA

更新日期：2001-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Histones play a crucial role in the organization of DNA in the nucleus, but their presence can prevent interactions with DNA binding proteins responsible for repair of DNA damage. Uracil is an abundant mutagenic lesion recognized by uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) in the first step of base excision repair (BER). In nucle...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hinz JM,Rodriguez Y,Smerdon MJ

更新日期：2010-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal mucosa exists in dynamic balance with trillions of luminal microbes. Disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier, commonly observed in mucosal inflammation and diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), is often associated with dysbiosis, particularly decreases in species producing short-c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang RX,Lee JS,Campbell EL,Colgan SP

更新日期：2020-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Indole-3-acetic acid is the major auxin in most plants. In Cruciferae, including Brassicaceae, indole-3-acetic acid is synthesized from indole-3-acetonitrile by nitrilase, after indole-3-acetonitrile is formed from tryptophan via indole-3-acetaldoxime or indole glycosinolates as the intermediate. We cloned and sequenc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kobayashi M,Izui H,Nagasawa T,Yamada H

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human T cell clones were analyzed for their susceptibility to activation-induced cell death (AICD) in response to CD3/T cell receptor ligation. AICD was observed only in Th1 clones and was Fas-mediated, whereas Th2 clones resisted AICD. Analysis of a panel of Th0 clones, characterized by their ability to secrete both ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varadhachary AS,Perdow SN,Hu C,Ramanarayanan M,Salgame P

更新日期：1997-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:It is suggested that differentiated embryonic cells have a high specificity of molecular constitution as regards the surface layers surrounding their cellular membranes. Correspondingly, specific interface energies may characterize the early contacts between different cell types. The question is raised whether the mor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jehle H

更新日期：1970-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutrinos represent a new "window" to the Universe, spanning a large range of energy. We discuss the science of neutrino astrophysics and focus on two energy regimes. At "lower" energies ( approximately 1 MeV), studies of neutrinos born inside the sun, or produced in interactions of cosmic rays with the atmosphere, ha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Besson D,Cowen D,Selen M,Wiebusch C

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00