Abstract：
:While earlier studies have attempted to resolve the challenges encountered when interpreting gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) concentrations in hair (primarily due to its endogenous presence), few have had large sample sizes. The first objective of this study was to evaluate the inter-individual variation of endogenous GHB concentrations. The second objective, to be detailed in another report, was to assess intra-individual variation and the impact on exogenous GHB discrimination. Over 2,000 hair segments from 141 women and 73 men (all processed hair 3-12 cm long) were analyzed in this study. The raw calculated range of endogenous GHB concentrations was <0.40-5.47 ng/mg with 97.5% of the segmental results calculated less than 2.00 ng/mg. Imputation, assuming a lognormal distribution, was applied to the data to include non-detect (ND) data ( journal_name journal_title authors doi subject pub_date pages issue eissn issn pii journal_volume pub_type
abstract：:Because mycotoxins occur worldwide in grain and grain products, evaluating their effects on the health of the population has become important. The development of a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure was investigated for the analysis of aflatoxin B1, citrinin, and ochratoxin A, from hydrolyzed hum...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/10.2.41
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A selective, sensitive, and reliable method was devised to determine concentrations of amitriptyline and its major metabolite, nortriptyline, in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with UV and particle beam mass spectrometry (PBMS). Amitriptyline and nortriptyline were effectively...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/21.3.185
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol is the most frequently identified compound in forensic toxicology. Although confirmation involving mass spectrometry is desirable, relatively few methods have been published to date. A novel technique utilizing a Dean's Switch to simultaneously quantitate and confirm ethyl alcohol by flame-ionization (FID) and...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/anatox/35.7.501
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid capillary gas-liquid chromatographic method for the determination of barbiturates in plasma at concentrations of clinical importance is presented. This method employs a rapid and simple extraction procedure and direct flame ionization detection with no derivatization. ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/7.4.178
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A thin layer chromatographic (TLC) method for the high volume screening of urine for methylphenidate (Ritalin) abuse is presented. The method utilizes charcoal extraction of ritalinic acid from urine and a simple test-tube methylation step for the conversion of the ritalinic acid to methylphenidate. The methylphenidat...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/10.3.116
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An assay for neurotoxic esterase (neuropathy target esterase, NTE) was developed by Johnson (1,2) to assess the delayed neurotoxic potential of organophosphorus compounds. NTE activity is calculated from the rate of phenyl valerate hydrolysis resistant to paraoxon and sensitive to mipafox inhibition under specified co...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/15.2.86
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzodiazepines are common drugs that cause intoxication. Benzodiazepines and their metabolites can be converted by hydrolysis in acid to the corresponding benzophenones, which are easier to be separated from matrices because of their hydrophobic properties. In this study, a new separation technique called solid-phase...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/23.1.54
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an endogenous androgenic steroid produced by the ovaries and adrenal glands. Research suggests that DHEA can be converted to testosterone in peripheral tissues. Classified as a nutritional supplement, this compound may be purchased without a prescription. The military and international...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/22.6.455
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Propane can be responsible for several types of lethal intoxication and explosions. Quantifying it would be very helpful to determine in some cases the cause of death. Some gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods of propane measurements do already exist. The main drawback of these GC-MS methods described ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bkt098
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amoxicillin has been causally linked in the lay and medical literature to false-positive urine drug screens for cocaine metabolites. An exhaustive search of the peer-reviewed medical literature revealed no data to support this link. We hypothesized that amoxicillin does not cause false-positive urine drug screens for ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/32.4.315
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) was used to test for opiates (morphine, hydromorphone, and codeine) in extracts of blood, bile, and tissue homogenates. All immunoassay opiate positive specimens were then tested by a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic procedure using electrochemical detection (LCEC...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/8.2.78
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Storage of drug-based evidence inside sealed safes may allow chemical vapors to accumulate, creating concerns of drug exposure by inhalation, or the possibility of cross-contamination of drug evidence. Air samples were taken from inside eight drug safes and one small storage room at nine city and country police statio...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/jat/bky011
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxymorphone (OM), a prescription opioid and metabolite of oxycodone, was included in the recently published proposed revisions to the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs. To facilitate toxicological interpretation, this study characterized the time course of OM and its metabolite, noroxymo...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bkw064
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Part I. Expert 4: The object of this study was to investigate the applicability of commercially available expert system shells to interpretation in forensic toxicology. Amitriptyline toxicology was selected as a pilot trial. Blood and tissue concentrations of amitriptyline and nortriptyline in fatal and nonfatal amitr...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/12.4.216
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of lethal overdose by prilocaine, a local anaesthetic, is presented. The patient died in the dental office during treatment, and the time course of events was documented. The drug concentration in blood, urine, and liver was measured. ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/10.2.75
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A relatively simple procedure for the determination of carboxyhemoglobin percent saturation in postmortem samples is described. The procedure involves a quick and accurate method for calibration of the gas chromatograph to carbon monoxide. The mixed gases are extracted from blood prior to introduction into the gas chr...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/4.4.181
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pigmented (C57BI) and nonpigmented (balb/c) mice, 25 days of age, were treated intraperitoneally with [3H]-nicotine (4 mg/kg, 555 dpm/ng) or [3H]-flunitrazepam (1 mg/kg, 2200 dpm/ng) daily for three days. After 21 days, shaved back hair was digested at 37 degrees C for 24 h with either 1 M sodium hydroxide or 1 M sodi...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/24.1.54
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deuterium-labeled analogues are available for a variety of drugs, but the amphetamines (amphetamine and methamphetamine) have more options available than any other drug. The analytical method and circumstances of its use can have a significant impact on the decision of what is the best internal standard to use. More t...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/19.6.375
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for determining the chemical warfare agent soman (GD) in rat plasma has been validated and applied to low-level inhalation exposure studies currently being conducted. This method utilizes a fluoride ion-based regeneration assay with isotope dilution followed by large volume injection gas chromatography with a...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/32.1.92
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This manuscript details a validated liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS-MS) method for the quantification of methadone and its metabolites 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) and 2-ethyl-5-methyl-3,3-diphenylpyroline (EMDP) in 0.5 mL ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/31.5.265
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantitation of oxymorphone (OM) in human whole blood and liver. Sample preparation was done by solid-phase extraction, using deuterated OM as the internal standard. Separation was achieved using a Waters Aquity UPLC ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bkt077
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethylene glycol (EG), a relatively infrequent cause of fatal intoxication, presents an analytical challenge for forensic confirmation in postmortem toxicology. We report EG and glycolic acid (GA) quantification in postmortem blood by gas chromatography coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis using a m...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/33.8.508
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The method presented describes a sensitive and specific quantitative assay for the determination of flumazenil in human plasma. Flumazenil and an internal standard, midazolam, are isolated by a basic extraction. The final extract is separated on a 25-m BP-1 capillary column and drugs are detected by selected ion monit...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/15.4.202
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of N-benzylpiperazine (BZP), a recently scheduled designer drug, in the rat has been studied by analyzing its urinary metabolites. p-Hydroxy-BZP (p-OH-BZP) was unequivocally identified as the main metabolite along with a minor metabolite m-hydroxy-BZP (m-OH-BZP), using gas chromatography-mass spectromet...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/30.1.38
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), or ecstasy, is excreted as unchanged drug, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), and free and glucuronidated/sulfated 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA) metabolites. The aim of this paper is to describe the pattern and timeframe ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/33.8.439
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an effort to determine a practical, efficient, and economical alternative for the use of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the detection of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in human urine, the performance of two photometric immunoassays (Dade Behring EMIT II and Microgenics CEDIA) and the Diagnostics Products Corp. (DPC...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/26.7.519
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study identified ethyl sulfate (EtS) in human urine and compared the excretion characteristics of EtS with that of ethanol and ethyl glucuronide (EtG). Urine samples were collected from healthy subjects after a single ethanol dose, and also selected from routine clinical samples. Simultaneous analysis of EtS and ...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/29.5.270
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An expert system applied as a screening test for amphetamine analogues found in recreational-drug exhibits (tablets or powders) is described. The knowledge base defining the reference Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) spectral patterns has been built according to criteria encompassing toxicological, phar...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/25.1.45
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of chemical agents were evaluated to determine their effects on fluorescence polarization immunoassays for drugs of abuse. Sixteen different agents, at concentrations up to 10%, were tested against urine assays for cannabinoids, cocaine (metabolite), amphetamines, opiates, phencyclidine (PCP), and barbiturat...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/17.1.14
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urine drug testing (UDT) is an emerging standard of care in the evaluation and treatment of chronic non-cancer pain patients with opioid analgesics. UDT may be used both to verify adherence with the opioid analgesic regimen and to monitor abstinence from non-prescribed or illicit controlled substances. In the former s...
journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jat/bku109
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
