Abstract：
:Non-invasive small animal in vivo imaging is an essential tool in a broad variety of biomedical sciences and enables continuous monitoring of disease progression in order to develop and improve diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures. Imaging parasites non-invasively in live animals allows efficient parasite distribution evaluation in the host organism and objective evaluation of parasitic diseases' burden and progression in individual animals. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize recent trends in small animal in vivo imaging and compare and discuss imaging of single-cell and multicellular eukaryotic parasites. A literature survey was performed using Web of Science and PubMed databases in research articles published between 1990 and 2018. The inclusion criteria were using any imaging method to visualize a range of protozoan and helminth parasites in laboratory animals in vivo. A total of 92 studies met our inclusion criteria. Protozoans and helminths were imaged in 88% and 12% of 92 studies, respectively. The most common parasite genus studied was the protozoan Plasmodium followed by Trypanosoma and Leishmania. The most frequent imaging method was bioluminescence. Among the helminths, Schistosoma and Echinococcus were the most studied organisms. In vivo imaging is applicable in both protozoans and helminths. In helminths, however, the use of in vivo imaging methods is limited to some extent. Imaging parasites in small animal models is a powerful tool in preclinical research aiming to develop novel therapeutic and preventive strategies for parasitic diseases of interest both in human and veterinary medicine.
journal_name
Exp Parasitoljournal_title
Experimental parasitologyauthors
Novobilský A,Höglund Jdoi
10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107905subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-01 00:00:00pages
107905eissn
0014-4894issn
1090-2449pii
S0014-4894(20)30074-6journal_volume
214pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Opisthorchis viverrini is the only liver fluke that has been proved to be associated with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the mechanisms by which O. viverrini participates in the carcinogenesis of CCA are still unclear. To understand the biology and host-parasite interaction related to O. viverrini infection, gene ...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2008.08.004
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transport of the megadalton protein Pf332 was studied during the asexual bloodstage development of Plasmodium falciparum. Four mouse monoclonal antibodies, produced against a recombinant polypeptide derived from the Pf332 protein, were used to analyze the kinetics of synthesis, the subcellular location, and transp...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/expr.1994.1091
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Under a variety of stress conditions, Leishmania species display some morphological and biochemical features characteristic of mammalian programmed cell death or necrosis. Nitroheteroaryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles induce cell death in Leishmania major (L. major). Putative mechanisms of action of these compounds were investig...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2012.06.002
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa) and its host Ovis aries were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for their copper, iron, manganese, zinc and lead levels. Element concentrations in cestode parasites were compared to those in various organs (liver, kidney, and muscle) of ...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2012.02.027
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The experiments described here report on the correlation between the ex vivo diffusion of different benzimidazole (BZD) anthelmintics into the cestode parasite Moniezia benedeni, and their octanol-water partition coefficients (P.C.). The characterisation of the drug diffusion process into target parasites is relevant ...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4894(03)00060-2
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mature males and females of Schistosoma mansoni were incubated for 24 hr in medium containing [3H]cholesterol. Worms thus labeled were paired for 24 hr with unlabeled partners, in vitro or in vivo by surgical implantation into hamsters. Controls consisted of additional unlabeled worms that did not pair. Scintillation ...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4894(86)90189-x
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical acaricides, especially fipronil (active ingredient of Frontline®), are still the most effective method to control tick populations. In this study, the effectiveness of fipronil was assessed in semi-engorged females of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. A protocol for an in vitro bioassay (AIT) was developed, ...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2010.09.009
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microtus fortis is a non-permissive host for Schistosoma japonicum. While M. fortis lymphocytes are known to provide natural resistance against S. japonicum, the specific mechanism remains unclear. A bone marrow transplantation (BMT) model was established using immunodeficient mice, either nude (experiment 1) or V(D)J...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2014.04.005
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemotherapy of food-borne trematodes relies on two drugs, praziquantel and tricabendazole, and there is growing interest in finding alternative therapies. Plant oil extracts have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine as sources of bioactive compounds with antiparasitic activity. Species of the genus Echinost...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2017.01.003
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to amelanotic melanoma cells was pH dependent; increased adherence was observed in the pH range of 6.1 to 6.8 and was greatest between pH 6.6 and 6.8 Ca2+ promoted cytoadherence, but at higher concentrations (40-50 mM) than is usually the case for cell-cell ...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4894(91)90108-9
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Axenic culture of Leishmania is generally performed in rich, serum-supplemented media which sustain robust growth over multiple passages. The use of such undefined media, however, obscures proteomic analyses and confounds the study of metabolism. We have established a simple, defined culture medium that supports the s...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2018.01.009
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease (NTD) causes major health problems in the tropical and subtropical world. Most of the antileishmanial modern therapies with different formulations of pentavalent antimonials, Miltefosine, Amphotericin B etc. are not satisfactory in recent times due to high toxicity to the ho...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2014.08.009
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amoebae from the genus Acanthamoeba are facultative pathogens of humans and other animals. In humans they most frequently infect the eye causing a sight threatening infection known as Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), and also cause an often fatal encephalitis (GAE). A mannose-binding protein (MBP) has been identified as b...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2018.07.009
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the characterization of Tc38, a Trypanosoma cruzi gene coding for a 337-amino-acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 38 kDa. Tc38 presents similarities to the plant storage vacuolar protein gamma-3-hordein involved in the transport and targeting of prolamins to the vacuole of developing barley end...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/expr.1999.4485
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purine uptake has been studied in many protozoan parasites in the last few years, and several of the purine transporters have been cloned. In contrast, very little is known about the salvage of preformed pyrimidines by protozoa, and no pyrimidine transporters have been cloned, yet chemotherapy based on pyrimidine nucl...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2006.02.018
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment with mannosidase or sialidase completely inhibited chemotactic responses of Caenorhabditis elegans wild type, C. elegans mutants CB1377 (daf-6)X and CB1379 (che-3)I, and Panagrellus redivivus to a source of attractants. Trypsin (EC3.4.21.4) caused a partial reduction in the level of chemoresponse. Normal che...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4894(84)90044-4
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rats, CL-Brener clone caused high mortality, severe acute myocarditis, and myositis that subsided completely in surviving animals. Accordingly, no parasite kDNA could be amplified in several organs after 4 months. The monoclonal JG strain caused null mortality, acute predominantly focal myocarditis, discrete and fo...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4894(03)00119-x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many methods have been proposed for removing contaminating host cells from mouse peritoneal exudates infected with Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. Of these, eight established methods were compared. They were density gradients, sonication and trypsin digestion, differential centrifugation, haemolysin digestion, filtrati...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4894(84)90080-8
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO), derived from catalysis of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), limits malaria parasite growth in mammals. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 suppresses iNOS in cells in vitro as well as in vivo in mice, but paradoxically severe malaria in humans is associated with low levels of TGF-beta1. We hypothesiz...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2007.08.013
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selenium and copper on oxidative stress and its performance in lambs experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus. Twenty-eight five-months old lambs were experimentally infected by the oral route with 5000 third-stage infective larvae and allocated into four g...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2014.06.005
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes the in vitro multiplication process of Babesia bigemina sporokinetes in a cell line (IDE8) from Ixodes scapularis ticks. The inoculum was obtained from hemolymph of engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks naturally infected with B. bigemina. These ticks had been fed on calves...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2009.03.011
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have characterized a member of the profilin (PROF) family protein as a common antigen in three pathogens-Babesia bovis (B. bovis), Babesia bigemina (B. bigemina), and Babesia microti (B. microti)-and evaluated its immunogenic and cross-protective properties against a challenge infection with B. microti in BALB/c mi...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2016.03.024
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trypanosoma musculi is a hemoflagellate parasite producing a characteristic course of infection in the mouse, terminating in elimination of the parasite from the vascular system with permanent immunity to reinfection. While this elimination is known to require functional T lymphocytes, the role of these cells has rema...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4894(88)90013-6
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to develop a simple and reliable method to determine the viability of Giardia intestinalis after incubation with an anti-giardial agent by using a colorimetric method. Factors that may affect the optical density value were systematically evaluated. The most suitable conditions were obtained w...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2010.09.006
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schistosomiasis remains a global health problem. In the Mekong river basin, approximately 80,000 people are at risk of infection by Schistosoma mekongi. The parasite's eggs become entrapped in the host's organs and induce massive inflammation, contributing to the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. In addition, egg antig...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2018.07.002
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The present study investigated the processes of macrogametogenesis and oocyst formation of Eimeria tenella (Xiamen strain), including the formation of wall-forming body1 (WFB1) and wall-forming body 2 (WFB2), the club-shape body and the origin of the residual body during the transformation from a macrogamete to an ...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2006.01.001
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acquisition of iron from lactoferrin and transferrin by a parasitic protozoon Tritrichomonas foetus has been studied in vitro. Specific, time-dependent, and saturable binding of iodinated ligands to the outer membrane of T. foetus at 4 degrees C was demonstrated for 125I-labeled lactoferrin only. About 1.7 x 10(5) bin...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/expr.1996.0068
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cDNA of a Schistosoma japonicum myophilin-like protein was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli as a recombined protein (rSj myophilin-like protein), and the protein was purified by affinity chromatography. The deduced amino acid sequences of the Sj myophilin-like protein showed significant homolog...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2008.01.017
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental infections of chimpanzees with Onchocerca volvulus and cattle with Onchocerca ochengi provide model systems for research in human onchocerciasis. These infections share many similarities from the standpoint of parasite biology, but little is known about the comparability of immune responses in the two sys...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/expr.2000.4487
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Entamoeba histolytica infection is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in the form of intestinal and extraintestinal amoebiasis. No vaccine is yet available for amoebiasis. Heparan Sulphate Binding Proteins (HSBPs) from E. histolytica were evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy in a Guin...
journal_title：Experimental parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.exppara.2013.08.011
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
