Abstract:
:A combination of inhibitors and carbon substrates was used to determine the relative contribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and fermenting bacteria to nitrogen fixation in a salt marsh sediment and on the roots of Spartina alterniflora. Because a lag period precedes acetylene-reducing activity (ARA) in amended sediments, an extensive analysis was done to be sure that this activity was due to the activation of dormant cells, not simply to cell proliferation. Since ARA was not affected by metabolic inhibitors such as rifampin, nalidixic acid, or methionine sulfoximine, it appeared that cell growth was not responsible for this activity. Instead, dormant cells were being activated by the added energy source. Molybdate inhibition studies with glucose-amended sediment slurries indicated that ARA in the upper 5 cm of the salt marsh was due primarily (70%) to SRB and that below that level (5 to 10 cm) it was due primarily (greater than 90%) to fermenting bacteria. ARA associated with washed roots of intact S. alterniflora plants was not inhibited by molybdate, which indicates that bacteria other than SRB were responsible. However, when the roots were excised from the plant, the activity (per unit of root mass) was 10-fold higher and was severely inhibited by molybdate. While this high activity is probably an artifact, due to the release of oxidizable substrates from the excised roots, it indicates that SRB are present in high numbers on Spartina roots.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Gandy EL,Yoch DCdoi
10.1128/AEM.54.8.2031-2036.1988subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-08-01 00:00:00pages
2031-6issue
8eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have cloned the homoserine dehydrogenase genes (hom) from the gram-negative obligate methylotrophs Methylobacillus glycogenes ATCC 21276 and ATCC 21371 by complementation of an Escherichia coli homoserine dehydrogenase-deficient mutant. The 4.15-kb DNA fragment cloned from M. glycogenes ATCC 21371 also complemented...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.1.111-119.1994
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria, yeasts, and molds isolated from partially processed iceberg lettuce were taxonomically classified. The majority of bacterial isolates were gram-negative rods. Pseudomonas, Erwinia, and Serratia species were commonly found. Yeasts most frequently isolated from lettuce included members of the genera Candida, C...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.12.3851-3854.1990
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioconversion of sugars present in wood hemicellulose to 2,3-butanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae grown on high sugar concentrations was investigated. When K. pneumoniae was grown under finite air conditions in the presence of added acetic acid, 50 g of D-glucose and D-xylose per liter could be converted to 25 and ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.3.630-635.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is much interest in the use of seed-applied bacteria for biocontrol and biofertilization, and several commercial products are available. However, many attempts to use this strategy fail because the seed-applied bacteria do not colonize the rhizosphere. Mechanisms of rhizosphere colonization may involve active ba...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.8.4666-4671.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The factor in normal sera primarily responsible for the enhancement of transfection (and transformation) of Staphylococcus aureus was identified as fibronectin. Serum samples which were depleted of fibronectin by affinity chromatography showed a marked decrease in enhancing activity. Fibronectin isolated from sera of ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.50.5.1315-1318.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two isolates of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O104:H4 were isolated in France in 2004 and 2009. Both were characterized and compared to the strain which caused the German outbreak in 2011 and to other O104:H4 strains. This suggests that different O104:H4 EHEC strains were present several years prior to the...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06524-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spice oil components eugenol and cinnamaldehyde possess activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but the mechanisms of action remain obscure. In broth media at 20 degrees C, 5 mM eugenol or 30 mM cinnamaldehyde was bactericidal (>1-log reduction in the number of CFU per milliliter in 1 h) to...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.10.5750-5755.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multicellular communities produced by Bacillus subtilis can adopt sliding or swarming to translocate over surfaces. While sliding is a flagellum-independent motility produced by the expansive forces in a growing colony, swarming requires flagellar functionality and is characterized by the appearance of hyperflagellate...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01341-12
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germlings of Botrytis cinerea, an important fungal pathogen of plants, produce an extracellular matrix (ECM), or ensheathing film, that serves, in part, in their attachment (R. P. Doss, et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:260-265, 1995). The composition of this film has been ascertained by using samples obtained by g...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.2.404-408.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::T1, a dentrifying bacterium originally isolated for its ability to grow on toluene, can also metabolize 4-hydroxybenzoate and other aromatic compounds under denitrifying conditions. A cosmid clone carrying the three genes that code for the 4-chlorobenzoate dehalogenase enzyme complex isolated from the aerobic bacteriu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.3.989-995.1994
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two thermostable lipases were isolated and characterized from Thermosyntropha lipolytica DSM 11003, an anaerobic, thermophilic, alkali-tolerant bacterium which grows syntrophically with methanogens on lipids such as olive oil, utilizing only the liberated fatty acid moieties but not the glycerol. Lipases LipA and LipB...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01509-07
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequence analysis of the five genes (gutRMCBA) downstream from the previously described sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-encoding Lactobacillus casei gutF gene revealed that they constitute a sorbitol (glucitol) utilization operon. The gutRM genes encode putative regulators, while the gutCBA genes encode the EIIC, E...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00230-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the present study was to develop a mathematical model of pathogenic bacterial inactivation kinetics in a gastric environment in order to further understand a part of the infectious dose-response mechanism. The major bacterial pathogens Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella s...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02139-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The utilization by Alcaligenes faecalis of electrodes as the electron donor for denitrification was investigated in this study. The denitrification rate of A. faecalis with a poised potential was greatly enhanced compared with that of the controls without poised potentials. For nitrate reduction, although A. faecalis ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00683-15
更新日期:2015-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that the human gut microbiota can be divided into enterotypes based on the abundance of specific bacterial groups; however, the biological significance and stability of these enterotypes remain unresolved. Here, we demonstrated that subjects (n = 62) 18 to 65 years old with central obesity and co...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AEM.03549-13
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work, the enzymatic activities of selected strains of biotypes 1 and 2 of Vabrio vulnificus were analyzed by using conventional methods and the API ZYM system. The toxic activities of extracellular products (ECPs) were further evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The ECPs of both biotypes (i) showed ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.7.2331-2337.1996
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic marine microbes play pivotal roles in biogeochemical nutrient cycling and ecosystem function, but studies that focus on the protistan biogeography and genetic diversity lag-behind studies of other microbes. 18S rRNA PCR amplification and clone library sequencing are commonly used to assess diversity that is...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06941-11
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gordonia polyisoprenivorans strain VH2, a potent rubber-degrading actinomycete, harbors two latex clearing proteins (Lcps), which are known to be essential for the microbial degradation of rubber. However, biochemical information on the exact role of this protein in the degradation of polyisoprene was lacking. In this...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01502-14
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flow cytometry, using fluorescein-bound specific antibodies and propidium iodide, was shown to be effective in detecting Legionella spp. in cooling tower waters. The procedure was quicker and less labor intensive than fluorescent microscopy. The use of these procedures also identified qualitative differences, perhaps ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.4.852-857.1985
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty known penicillic acid (PA)-producing Aspergillus and Penicillium cultures were grown under various conditions in shaken flasks to determine the highest yielding strains and their requirements for maximum toxin production. Abilities of the cultures to utilize eight different carbon sources in Raulin-Thom medium ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.34.5.553-556.1977
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diploscapter, a thermotolerant, free-living soil bacterial-feeding nematode commonly found in compost, sewage, and agricultural soil in the United States, was studied to determine its potential role as a vehicle of Salmonella enterica serotype Poona, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogen...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.5.2433-2437.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method was developed for extraction of DNA from Chroococcidiopsis that overcomes obstacles posed by bacterial contamination and the presence of a thick envelope surrounding the cyanobacterial cells. The method is based on the resistance of Chroococcidiopsis to lysozyme and consists of a lysozyme treatment followed b...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.10.4053-4056.1998
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Separating dietary fiber from other polysaccharides in digesta and feces is necessary to understand its mechanisms of action. A gravimetric method that separates fecal plant and bacterial matter based on size and density was evaluated and modified to determine the plant and bacterial mass of lyophilized whole and blen...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.6.1786-1792.1990
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The axy43A gene encoding the intracellular trifunctional xylanolytic enzyme from Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli Recombinant PcAxy43A consisting of a glycoside hydrolase family 43 and a family 6 carbohydrate-binding module exhibited endo-xylanase, β-xylosidase, and arabin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02256-16
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were designed for the archaeal kingdoms Euryachaeota and Crenarchaeota. Probe specificities were evaluated by nonradioactive dot blot hybridization against selected reference organisms. The successful application of fluorescent-probe derivatives for whole-cell hybridization...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.9.3112-3119.1994
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reliable detection of airborne biological threat agents depends on several factors, including the performance criteria of the detector and its operational environment. One step in improving the detector's performance is to increase our knowledge of the biological aerosol background in potential operational environ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07212-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhizonin is a hepatotoxic cyclopeptide isolated from cultures of a fungal Rhizopus microsporus strain that grew on moldy ground nuts in Mozambique. Reinvestigation of this fungal strain by a series of experiments unequivocally revealed that this "first mycotoxin from lower fungi" is actually not produced by the fungus...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01784-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physical agents, such as low electric voltage and current, have recently gained attention for antimicrobial treatment due to their bactericidal capability. Although microampere electric current was shown to suppress the growth of bacteria, it remains unclear to what extent the microampere current damaged the bacterial...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01015-20
更新日期:2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::The photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus can grow with short- to long-chain fatty acids as the sole carbon source (R. G. Kranz, K. K. Gabbert, T. A. Locke, and M. T. Madigan, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:3003-3009, 1997). Concomitant with growth on fatty acids is the production to high levels of the polyest...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.8.3010-3013.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zearalenone [6-(10-hydroxy-6-oxo-trans-1-undecenyl)beta-resorcyclic acid lactone] is a hormone produced by Fusarium spp. which regulates the sexual stage in F. roseum. 3H- and 14C-labeled zearalenone were found to bind preferentially to one of two peaks containing uncharacterized proteins obtained from the cytosol of ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.1.80-84.1979
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00