Abstract:
:Rhizonin is a hepatotoxic cyclopeptide isolated from cultures of a fungal Rhizopus microsporus strain that grew on moldy ground nuts in Mozambique. Reinvestigation of this fungal strain by a series of experiments unequivocally revealed that this "first mycotoxin from lower fungi" is actually not produced by the fungus. PCR experiments and phylogenetic studies based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the fungus is associated with bacteria belonging to the genus Burkholderia. By transmission electron microscopy, the bacteria were localized within the fungal cytosol. Toxin production and the presence of the endosymbionts were correlated by curing the fungus with an antibiotic, yielding a nonproducing, symbiont-free phenotype. The final evidence for a bacterial biogenesis of the toxin was obtained by the successful fermentation of the endosymbiotic bacteria in pure culture and isolation of rhizonin A from the broth. This finding is of particular interest since Rhizopus microsporus and related Rhizopus species are frequently used in food preparations such as tempeh and sufu.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Partida-Martinez LP,de Looss CF,Ishida K,Ishida M,Roth M,Buder K,Hertweck Cdoi
10.1128/AEM.01784-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-02-01 00:00:00pages
793-7issue
3eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.01784-06journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We investigated the prevalence of sapoviruses (SaVs) in the Tamagawa River in Japan from April 2003 to March 2004 and performed genetic analysis of the SaV genes identified in river water. A total of 60 river water samples were collected from five sites along the river, and 500 ml was concentrated using the cation-coa...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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