Resolving the fibrotic niche of human liver cirrhosis at single-cell level.

abstract：:Haematopoiesis is an essential process that evolved in multicellular animals. At the heart of this process are haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are multipotent and self-renewing, and generate the entire repertoire of blood and immune cells throughout an animal's life1. Although there have been comprehensive stu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rosental B,Kowarsky M,Seita J,Corey DM,Ishizuka KJ,Palmeri KJ,Chen SY,Sinha R,Okamoto J,Mantalas G,Manni L,Raveh T,Clarke DN,Tsai JM,Newman AM,Neff NF,Nolan GP,Quake SR,Weissman IL,Voskoboynik A

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics of the thrombin-catalysed release of fibrino-peptides A and B from human fibrinogen have been investigated and a mechanism correlating the release of fibrinopeptides to fibrin formation is presented. The sequential release of fibrinopeptides results in sequential activation of two sets of polymerisation s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Blombäck B,Hessel B,Hogg D,Therkildsen L

更新日期：1978-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:High pressure is known to influence electronic structure and crystal packing, and can in some cases even induce compound formation between elements that do not bond under ambient conditions. Here we present a computational study showing that high pressure fundamentally alters the reactivity of the light elements lithi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Feng J,Hennig RG,Ashcroft NW,Hoffmann R

更新日期：2008-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the structure of DNA transformed biology profoundly, catalysing the sequencing of the human genome and engendering a new view of biology as an information science. Two features of DNA structure account for much of its remarkable impact on science: its digital nature and its complementarity, whereby on...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hood L,Galas D

更新日期：2003-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The global burden of malaria has been substantially reduced over the past two decades. Future efforts to reduce malaria further will require moving beyond the treatment of clinical infections to targeting malaria transmission more broadly in the community. As such, the accurate identification of asymptomatic human inf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wu L,van den Hoogen LL,Slater H,Walker PG,Ghani AC,Drakeley CJ,Okell LC

更新日期：2015-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic GMP has been implicated as a messenger molecule involved in visual transduction. Photoexcited rhodopsin (R*) binds to a multisubunit membrane protein called transducin (T) and stimulates the exchange of a bound GDP molecule for GTP. This leads to the release of the alpha-subunit of T with bound GTP (T alpha-GTP...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vuong TM,Chabre M,Stryer L

更新日期：1984-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Gradual accumulation of evidence is thought to be fundamental for decision-making, and its neural correlates have been found in several brain regions. Here we develop a generalizable method to measure tuning curves that specify the relationship between neural responses and mentally accumulated evidence, and apply it t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hanks TD,Kopec CD,Brunton BW,Duan CA,Erlich JC,Brody CD

更新日期：2015-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Type II DNA topoisomerases are ubiquitous ATP-dependent enzymes capable of transporting a DNA through a transient double-strand break in a second DNA segment. This enables them to untangle DNA and relax the interwound supercoils (plectonemes) that arise in twisted DNA. In vivo, they are responsible for untangling repl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Strick TR,Croquette V,Bensimon D

更新日期：2000-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The National Institutes of Health's Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) has approved a commercial proposal by Advanced Genetic Sciences Inc. to field-test recombinant ice-nucleating bacteria. Its decision came two weeks after a federal judge halted a similar trial by researchers from the University of California...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Budiansky S

更新日期：1984-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The alpha-like and beta-like globin genes have provided a paradigm for the study of molecular evolution and regulation of multigene families in eukaryotes. The human alpha-globin gene cluster, which is on chromosome 16 (ref. 1), consists of six genes arranged in the order 5'-zeta(embryonic)-psi zeta-psi alpha 2-psi al...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marks J,Shaw JP,Shen CK

更新日期：1986-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The violation of a Bell inequality is an experimental observation that forces the abandonment of a local realistic viewpoint--namely, one in which physical properties are (probabilistically) defined before and independently of measurement, and in which no physical influence can propagate faster than the speed of light...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Giustina M,Mech A,Ramelow S,Wittmann B,Kofler J,Beyer J,Lita A,Calkins B,Gerrits T,Nam SW,Ursin R,Zeilinger A

更新日期：2013-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Deuterostomes are a remarkably diverse super-phylum, including not only the chordates (to which we belong) but groups as disparate as the echinoderms and the hemichordates. The phylogeny of deuterostomes is now achieving some degree of stability, especially on account of new molecular data, but this leaves as conjectu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shu DG,Morris SC,Han J,Zhang ZF,Liu JN

更新日期：2004-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-resolution intensity spectra of Earth's atmosphere obtained from space reveal strong signatures of life ('biosignatures'), such as molecular oxygen and methane with abundances far from chemical equilibrium, as well as the presence of a 'red edge' (a sharp increase of albedo for wavelengths longer than 700 nm) caus...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sterzik MF,Bagnulo S,Palle E

更新日期：2012-02-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Sea-level histories during the two most recent deglacial-interglacial intervals show substantial differences1-3 despite both periods undergoing similar changes in global mean temperature4,5 and forcing from greenhouse gases6. Although the last interglaciation (LIG) experienced stronger boreal summer insolation forcing...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clark PU,He F,Golledge NR,Mitrovica JX,Dutton A,Hoffman JS,Dendy S

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants encounter a myriad of microorganisms, particularly at the root-soil interface, that can invade with detrimental or beneficial outcomes. Prevalent beneficial associations between plants and microorganisms include those that promote plant growth by facilitating the acquisition of limiting nutrients such as nitrog...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zipfel C,Oldroyd GE

更新日期：2017-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Germ cells must develop along distinct male or female paths to produce the sperm or eggs required for sexual reproduction. In both mouse and Drosophila, the sexual identity of germ cells is influenced by the sex of the surrounding somatic tissue (for example, refs 1, 2, reviewed in refs 3, 4); however, little is known...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wawersik M,Milutinovich A,Casper AL,Matunis E,Williams B,Van Doren M

更新日期：2005-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Several microorganisms, including Yersinia sp., Salmonella sp., Brucella sp., Mycobacterium sp. and Leishmania sp., have successfully adapted to grow within macrophage phagolysosomes. Infections caused by these intracellular pathogens are among the most difficult to treat. As part of an antimicrobial strategy directed...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pollack C,Straley SC,Klempner MS

更新日期：1986-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen enrichment is widely thought to be responsible for the loss of plant species from temperate terrestrial ecosystems. This view is based on field surveys and controlled experiments showing that species richness correlates negatively with high productivity and nitrogen enrichment. However, as the type of nutrien...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wassen MJ,Venterink HO,Lapshina ED,Tanneberger F

更新日期：2005-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:At birth the trans-placental nutrient supply is suddenly interrupted, and neonates face severe starvation until supply can be restored through milk nutrients. Here, we show that neonates adapt to this adverse circumstance by inducing autophagy. Autophagy is the primary means for the degradation of cytoplasmic constitu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuma A,Hatano M,Matsui M,Yamamoto A,Nakaya H,Yoshimori T,Ohsumi Y,Tokuhisa T,Mizushima N

更新日期：2004-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:As the extracellular matrix at the original site of a neuromuscular junction seems to play a major part in the specificity of synaptic regeneration, considerable attention has been paid to unique molecules localized to this region. Here we describe an extracellular matrix glycoprotein of the elasmobranch electric orga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Caroni P,Carlson SS,Schweitzer E,Kelly RB

更新日期：1985-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribonucleotide reductase, an essential enzyme for the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, is formed by the association of two nonidentical subunits in almost all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The same model probably holds for the herpes simplex virus (HSV)-encoded ribonucleotide reductase; two polypeptides of relat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cohen EA,Gaudreau P,Brazeau P,Langelier Y

更新日期：1986-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans are able to classify novel items correctly by category; some other animals have also been shown to do this. During category learning, humans group perceptual stimuli by abstracting qualities from similarity relationships of their physical properties. Forming categories is fundamental to cognition and can be ind...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ohl FW,Scheich H,Freeman WJ

更新日期：2001-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction mechanism of protein folding by the chaperonin GroEL and its regulator GroES has been defined. GroES and substrate protein counteract each other's effects on GroEL: whereas GroES stabilizes GroEL in the ADP-bound state, binding of unfolded polypeptide within the cavity of the GroEL cylinder triggers ADP a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Martin J,Mayhew M,Langer T,Hartl FU

更新日期：1993-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to grow properly sized and good quality crystals is one of the cornerstones of single-crystal diffraction, is advantageous in many industrial-scale chemical processes1-3, and is important for obtaining institutional approvals of new drugs for which high-quality crystallographic data are required4-7. Typica...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sun JK,Sobolev YI,Zhang W,Zhuang Q,Grzybowski BA

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the few species of birds in which males form display partnerships to attract females, one male secures most or all of the copulations. This leads to the question of why subordinate males help in the absence of observable reproductive benefits. Hamilton's concept of kin selection, whereby individuals can benefit ind...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Krakauer AH

更新日期：2005-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Guard cells are located in the epidermis of plant leaves, and in pairs surround stomatal pores. These control both the influx of CO2 as a raw material for photosynthesis and water loss from plants through transpiration to the atmosphere. Guard cells have become a highly developed system for dissecting early signal tra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schroeder JI,Kwak JM,Allen GJ

更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Genotypic variation among independent isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is well known, but its molecular basis and biological consequences are poorly understood. We examined the genesis of molecular variation in HIV-1 by sequential virus isolations from two chronically infected individuals and an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Saag MS,Hahn BH,Gibbons J,Li Y,Parks ES,Parks WP,Shaw GM

更新日期：1988-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The detection of horizontal disparities between the right and left retinal images is accepted as an important component in the visual perception of depth. It has occasionally been pointed out that a disparity will also occur in the vertical when a target is nearer to one eye than the other and could be used as a secon...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Westheimer G

更新日期：1984-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Proximal spinal muscular atrophies represent the second most common fatal, autosomal recessive disorder after cystic fibrosis. The childhood form is classically subdivided into three groups: acute Werdnig-Hoffmann (type I), intermediate Werdnig-Hoffmann disease (type II) and Kugelberg-Welander disease (type III). Thes...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Melki J,Abdelhak S,Sheth P,Bachelot MF,Burlet P,Marcadet A,Aicardi J,Barois A,Carriere JP,Fardeau M

更新日期：1990-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The homotypic fusion of yeast vacuoles includes a 'docking' step, which we show here to consist of two sequential reactions: a reversible 'tethering' mediated by the GTPase Ypt7, and 'SNARE pairing', in which SNARE proteins from opposite membranes form a complex in trans. The function of this trans-SNARE complex must ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ungermann C,Sato K,Wickner W

更新日期：1998-12-10 00:00:00