Change in pattern of ongoing cortical activity with auditory category learning.

abstract：:Neurotransmitters modulate the activity of ion channels through a variety of second messengers, including cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP and the products of phosphatidylinositol breakdown. Little is known about how different transmitters acting through different second-messenger systems interact within a cell to regulate sing...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Belardetti F,Kandel ER,Siegelbaum SA

更新日期：1987-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Deposition of amyoid-beta peptide in the central nervous system is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and a possible cause of neurodegeneration. The factors that initiate or promote deposition of amyloid-beta peptide are not known. The transforming growth factor TGF-beta1 plays a central role in the response of the bra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wyss-Coray T,Masliah E,Mallory M,McConlogue L,Johnson-Wood K,Lin C,Mucke L

更新日期：1997-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:On the basis of their primary structure, the lysine-rich histones are a unified family of proteins. Each has an amino acid chain which falls into three distinct domains. Only the central domain (approximately 80 residues) is in a folded conformation. It is protected from trypsin digestion in chromatin and corresponds ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Allan J,Hartman PG,Crane-Robinson C,Aviles FX

更新日期：1980-12-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Tuberculosis (TB), caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Efforts to control it are hampered by difficulties with diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Most people infected with M. tuberculosis remain asymptomatic, termed latent TB, with a 10% lifetim...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Berry MP,Graham CM,McNab FW,Xu Z,Bloch SA,Oni T,Wilkinson KA,Banchereau R,Skinner J,Wilkinson RJ,Quinn C,Blankenship D,Dhawan R,Cush JJ,Mejias A,Ramilo O,Kon OM,Pascual V,Banchereau J,Chaussabel D,O'Garra A

更新日期：2010-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of condensed (compacted) protein phases is associated with a wide range of human disorders, such as eye cataracts, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, sickle cell anaemia and Alzheimer's disease. However, condensed protein phases have their uses: as crystals, they are harnessed by structural biologists to elu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Van Driessche AES,Van Gerven N,Bomans PHH,Joosten RRM,Friedrich H,Gil-Carton D,Sommerdijk NAJM,Sleutel M

更新日期：2018-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Human T-cell receptors for antigen and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) determinants have now been defined on inducer, suppressor, and class 1 and class 2 MHC-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes as T3-associated clonotypic molecules (Ti) of relative molecular mass 90,000 (90K) composed of one 49-54K alpha- and one ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fabbi M,Acuto O,Smart JE,Reinherz EL

更新日期：1984-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ferroelectrics have recently attracted attention as a candidate class of materials for use in photovoltaic devices, and for the coupling of light absorption with other functional properties. In these materials, the strong inversion symmetry breaking that is due to spontaneous electric polarization promotes the desirab...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Grinberg I,West DV,Torres M,Gou G,Stein DM,Wu L,Chen G,Gallo EM,Akbashev AR,Davies PK,Spanier JE,Rappe AM

更新日期：2013-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of photolabile caged neurotransmitters has made possible the study of the split-second kinetics of receptor-ligand interactions. An instrument has now been developed for activating the neurotransmitter and measuring the neuron's response. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marque JJ

更新日期：1989-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical crystallography can determine structures as complicated as multi-component ribosomal assemblies with atomic resolution, but is inadequate for disordered systems--even those as simple as water ice--that occupy the complex middle ground between liquid-like randomness and crystalline periodic order. Correlated ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Keen DA,Goodwin AL

更新日期：2015-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a widely expressed neuropeptide that has a major role in sensory neurotransmission. The CGRP receptor is a heterodimer of the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) class B G-protein-coupled receptor and a type 1 transmembrane domain protein, receptor activity-modifying prote...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liang YL,Khoshouei M,Deganutti G,Glukhova A,Koole C,Peat TS,Radjainia M,Plitzko JM,Baumeister W,Miller LJ,Hay DL,Christopoulos A,Reynolds CA,Wootten D,Sexton PM

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seismological studies have revealed that a complex texture or heterogeneity exists in the Earth's inner core and at the boundary between core and mantle. These studies highlight the importance of understanding the properties of iron when modelling the composition and dynamics of the core and the interaction of the cor...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dubrovinsky L,Annersten H,Dubrovinskaia N,Westman F,Harryson H,Fabrichnaya O,Carlson S

更新日期：2001-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:One goal of regenerative medicine, to use stem cells to replace cells lost by injury or disease, depends on producing an excess of the relevant cell for study or transplantation. To this end, the stepwise differentiation of stem cells into specialized derivatives has been successful for some cell types, but a major pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sneddon JB,Borowiak M,Melton DA

更新日期：2012-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Cutaneous melanoma is a type of cancer with an inherent potential for lymph node colonization, which is generally preceded by neolymphangiogenesis. However, sentinel lymph node removal does not necessarily extend the overall survival of patients with melanoma. Moreover, lymphatic vessels collapse and become dysfunctio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Olmeda D,Cerezo-Wallis D,Riveiro-Falkenbach E,Pennacchi PC,Contreras-Alcalde M,Ibarz N,Cifdaloz M,Catena X,Calvo TG,Cañón E,Alonso-Curbelo D,Suarez J,Osterloh L,Graña O,Mulero F,Megías D,Cañamero M,Martínez-Torrecuadrad

更新日期：2017-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila cells contain virus-like particles (VLPs) containing 5 kilobases (kb) of RNA (VLP H-RNA) homologous to the transposable element copia. The identity between VLP H-RNA and copia DNA has previously been confirmed at the nucleotide sequence level and reverse transcriptase activity is also detected in the VLPs. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kikuchi Y,Ando Y,Shiba T

更新日期：1986-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Enveloped viruses have evolved complex glycoprotein machinery that drives the fusion of viral and cellular membranes, permitting entry of the viral genome into the cell. For the paramyxoviruses, the fusion (F) protein catalyses this membrane merger and entry step, and it has been postulated that the F protein undergoe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yin HS,Wen X,Paterson RG,Lamb RA,Jardetzky TS

更新日期：2006-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:HLA class II molecules are a highly polymorphic family of dimeric cell-surface proteins primarily involved in regulating T-cell responses to extrinsic antigens. To define regions of class II molecules involved in T-cell recognition, we have now compared sequences of three HLA DR beta cDNA clones obtained from cells th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cairns JS,Curtsinger JM,Dahl CA,Freeman S,Alter BJ,Bach FH

更新日期：1985-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:When mountains form through the collision of lithospheric plates, uplift of the Earth's surface is accompanied by thickening of the crust, and the buoyancy of these deep crustal roots (relative to the surrounding mantle) is thought to contribute to the support of mountain topography. Once active tectonism ceases, cont...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fischer KM

更新日期：2002-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The giant polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster have long been of interest to the geneticist because of the visible map of the genome provided by their characteristic banding patterns. An issue in the understanding of the molecular basis of chromosome banding has been whether the chromosomal DNA is replicate...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Spierer A,Spierer P

更新日期：1984-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The small martian satellites Phobos and Deimos orbit in synchronous rotation with inclinations of only 0.01 degrees and 0.92 degrees , respectively, relative to the planet's equatorial plane. Thus, an observer at near-equatorial latitudes on Mars could occasionally observe solar eclipses by these satellites (see ref. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bell JF 3rd,Lemmon MT,Duxbury TC,Hubbard MY,Wolff MJ,Squyres SW,Craig L,Ludwinski JM

更新日期：2005-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In the prehistoric green Sahara of Holocene North Africa-in contrast to the Neolithic of Europe and Eurasia-a reliance on cattle, sheep and goats emerged as a stable and widespread way of life, long before the first evidence for domesticated plants or settled village farming communities. The remarkable rock art found ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dunne J,Evershed RP,Salque M,Cramp L,Bruni S,Ryan K,Biagetti S,di Lernia S

更新日期：2012-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In standard fluid dynamics, the density change associated with flow is often assumed to be negligible, implying that the fluid is incompressible. For example, this has been established for simple shear flows, where no pressure change is associated with flow: there is no volume deformation due to viscous stress and ine...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Furukawa A,Tanaka H

更新日期：2006-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Because it is so tall, the giraffe, Giraffa camelopardalis, provides an important animal model for investigating adaptive mechanisms to orthostatic (gravitational) pressure changes. Previous physiological studies of the giraffe have concentrated on arterial blood pressures in the heart and neck. Briefly, these investi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hargens AR,Millard RW,Pettersson K,Johansen K

更新日期：1987-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal viruses are broadly categorized structurally by the presence or absence of an envelope composed of a lipid-bilayer membrane, attributes that profoundly affect stability, transmission and immune recognition. Among those lacking an envelope, the Picornaviridae are a large and diverse family of positive-strand RNA...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Feng Z,Hensley L,McKnight KL,Hu F,Madden V,Ping L,Jeong SH,Walker C,Lanford RE,Lemon SM

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The known endothelial mitogens stimulate growth of vascular endothelial cells without regard to their tissue of origin. Here we report a growth factor that is expressed largely in one type of tissue and acts selectively on one type of endothelium. This molecule, called endocrine-gland-derived vascular endothelial grow...

journal_title：Nature

authors： LeCouter J,Kowalski J,Foster J,Hass P,Zhang Z,Dillard-Telm L,Frantz G,Rangell L,DeGuzman L,Keller GA,Peale F,Gurney A,Hillan KJ,Ferrara N

更新日期：2001-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:An essential feature of the bacterial pathogen Salmonella spp. is its ability to enter cells that are normally non-phagocytic, such as those of the intestinal epithelium. The bacterium achieves entry by delivering effector proteins into the host-cell cytosol by means of a specialized protein-secretion system (termed t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fu Y,Galán JE

更新日期：1999-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The internal organization of eukaryotic cells into functionally specialized, membrane-delimited organelles of unique composition implies a need for active, regulated lipid transport. Phosphatidylserine (PS), for example, is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and then preferentially associates--through mechanisms...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Maeda K,Anand K,Chiapparino A,Kumar A,Poletto M,Kaksonen M,Gavin AC

更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chiao M

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The debate over human origins has focused on two competing theories. The single African origin model holds that anatomically modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa 100,000-200,000 years ago. Members of this population migrated out of Africa, replacing archaic human groups through Asia and Europe, with racial differenti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Waddle DM

更新日期：1994-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Collagen fibrils have been extensively studied by electron microscopy, but only scant evidence has yet been obtained about their transverse structure. A transverse pediodicity of about 40 or 80 A might be expected if the microfibril model (until recently the common preference) is correct, but little direct evidence fo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Squire JM,Freundlich A

更新日期：1980-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of eukaryotes stands as a major conundrum in biology. Current evidence indicates that the last eukaryotic common ancestor already possessed many eukaryotic hallmarks, including a complex subcellular organization. In addition, the lack of evolutionary intermediates challenges the elucidation of the relative ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pittis AA,Gabaldón T

更新日期：2016-03-03 00:00:00