In situ structures of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inside bluetongue virus before and after uncoating.

abstract：:In this study we report the X-ray crystal structure of the extracellular domain (ECD) of the human neuronal α2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit in complex with the agonist epibatidine at 3.2 Å. Interestingly, α2 was crystallized as a pentamer, revealing the intersubunit interactions in a wild type neur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kouvatsos N,Giastas P,Chroni-Tzartou D,Poulopoulou C,Tzartos SJ

更新日期：2016-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：:H-NS and Lsr2 are nucleoid-associated proteins from Gram-negative bacteria and Mycobacteria, respectively, that play an important role in the silencing of horizontally acquired foreign DNA that is more AT-rich than the resident genome. Despite the fact that Lsr2 and H-NS proteins are dissimilar in sequence and structu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon BR,Li Y,Cote A,Weirauch MT,Ding P,Hughes TR,Navarre WW,Xia B,Liu J

更新日期：2011-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein misfolding and aggregation cause serious degenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson, and prion diseases. Damage to membranes is thought to be one of the mechanisms underlying cellular toxicity of a range of amyloid assemblies. Previous studies have indicated that amyloid fibrils can cause membrane ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milanesi L,Sheynis T,Xue WF,Orlova EV,Hellewell AL,Jelinek R,Hewitt EW,Radford SE,Saibil HR

更新日期：2012-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides is an important epigenetic regulator common to virtually all mammalian cell types, but recent evidence indicates that during early postnatal development neuronal genomes also accumulate uniquely high levels of two alternative forms of methylation, non-CpG methylation and hydroxymet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kinde B,Gabel HW,Gilbert CS,Griffith EC,Greenberg ME

更新日期：2015-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The c-myc oncogene has been implicated in a wide spectrum of B-cell neoplasias. In normal cells, the level of expression of the c-myc gene correlates with growth status. In the present study, we examined the effect of receptor-mediated inhibition of growth on c-myc expression in a B-cell lymphoma. The murine lymphoma ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCormack JE,Pepe VH,Kent RB,Dean M,Marshak-Rothstein A,Sonenshein GE

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+-induced inhibition of alpha1C voltage-gated Ca2+ channels is a physiologically important regulatory mechanism that shortens the mean open time of these otherwise long-lasting high-voltage-activated channels. The mechanism of action of Ca2+ has been a matter of some controversy, as previous studies have proposed t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qin N,Olcese R,Bransby M,Lin T,Birnbaumer L

更新日期：1999-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Online education is rapidly expanding in response to rising demand for higher and continuing education, but many online students struggle to achieve their educational goals. Several behavioral science interventions have shown promise in raising student persistence and completion rates in a handful of courses, but evid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kizilcec RF,Reich J,Yeomans M,Dann C,Brunskill E,Lopez G,Turkay S,Williams JJ,Tingley D

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleus accumbens is considered a critical target of the action of drugs of abuse. In this nucleus a "shell" and a "core" have been distinguished on the basis of anatomical and histochemical criteria. The present study investigated the effect in freely moving rats of intravenous cocaine, amphetamine, and morphine ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pontieri FE,Tanda G,Di Chiara G

更新日期：1995-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipid-mediated signaling events regulate many cellular processes. Investigations of the complex underlying mechanisms are difficult because several different methods need to be used under varying conditions. Here we introduce multifunctional lipid derivatives to study lipid metabolism, lipid-protein interactions, and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Höglinger D,Nadler A,Haberkant P,Kirkpatrick J,Schifferer M,Stein F,Hauke S,Porter FD,Schultz C

更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:While we have come to appreciate the architectural complexity of microbially synthesized secondary metabolites, far less attention has been paid to linking their structural features with possible modes of action. This is certainly the case with tropodithietic acid (TDA), a broad-spectrum antibiotic generated by marine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wilson MZ,Wang R,Gitai Z,Seyedsayamdost MR

更新日期：2016-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoclasts, bone-resorptive multinucleated cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells, are associated with many bone-related diseases, such as osteoporosis. Osteoclast-targeting small-molecule inhibitors are valuable tools for studying osteoclast biology and for developing antiresorptive agents. Here, we have discov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawatani M,Okumura H,Honda K,Kanoh N,Muroi M,Dohmae N,Takami M,Kitagawa M,Futamura Y,Imoto M,Osada H

更新日期：2008-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of the dimeric gene V protein of bacteriophage f1 was determined using multiwavelength anomalous diffraction on the selenomethionine-containing wild-type and isoleucine-47-->methionine mutant proteins with x-ray diffraction data phased to 2.5 A resolution. The structure of the wild-type protein h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Skinner MM,Zhang H,Leschnitzer DH,Guan Y,Bellamy H,Sweet RM,Gray CW,Konings RN,Wang AH,Terwilliger TC

更新日期：1994-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Analogy-the ability to find and apply deep structural patterns across domains-has been fundamental to human innovation in science and technology. Today there is a growing opportunity to accelerate innovation by moving analogy out of a single person's mind and distributing it across many information processors, both hu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kittur A,Yu L,Hope T,Chan J,Lifshitz-Assaf H,Gilon K,Ng F,Kraut RE,Shahaf D

更新日期：2019-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:FAP48 was identified and cloned thanks to its interaction with FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) such as FKBP52 and FKBP12, which belong to the large family of immunophilins that bind the macrolide immunosuppressant drugs FK506 and rapamycin. We have previously shown that FAP48-FKBP complexes are dissociated by FK506 and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krummrei U,Baulieu EE,Chambraud B

更新日期：2003-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:When either the homologous RNA (avian myeloblastosis virus RNA) or a heterologous RNA (poliovirus RNA) was used as a template, the anticomplementary DNA synthesized in vitro by avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase (RNA-directed DNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.7) was primed by fragments of the original...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Myers JC,Dobkin C,Spiegelman S

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα integrates the circadian clock with hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by nucleating transcriptional comodulators at genomic regulatory regions. An interactomic approach identified O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) as a REV-ERBα-interacting protein. By shielding cytoplasmic OGT from proteasoma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berthier A,Vinod M,Porez G,Steenackers A,Alexandre J,Yamakawa N,Gheeraert C,Ploton M,Maréchal X,Dubois-Chevalier J,Hovasse A,Schaeffer-Reiss C,Cianférani S,Rolando C,Bray F,Duez H,Eeckhoute J,Lefebvre T,Staels B,Lef

更新日期：2018-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a computational model for color coding that provides a functional explanation of how humans perceive colors in a homogeneous color space. Beginning with known properties of human cone photoreceptors, the model estimates the locations of the reflectance spectra of Munsell color chips in perceptual c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Romney AK,Chiao CC

更新日期：2009-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Two genes have a synthetically lethal relationship when the silencing or inhibiting of 1 gene is only lethal in the context of a mutation or activation of the second gene. This situation offers an attractive therapeutic strategy, as inhibition of such a gene will only trigger cell death in tumor cells with an activate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Molenaar JJ,Ebus ME,Geerts D,Koster J,Lamers F,Valentijn LJ,Westerhout EM,Versteeg R,Caron HN

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent discovery of small molecules targeting the cytochrome bc 1 :aa 3 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis triggered interest in the terminal respiratory oxidases for antituberculosis drug development. The mycobacterial cytochrome...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kalia NP,Hasenoehrl EJ,Ab Rahman NB,Koh VH,Ang MLT,Sajorda DR,Hards K,Grüber G,Alonso S,Cook GM,Berney M,Pethe K

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Meningococcal meningitis remains a substantial cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Until recently, countries in the African meningitis belt were susceptible to devastating outbreaks, largely attributed to serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis (MenA). Vaccination with glycoconjugates of MenA capsular polysaccharid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Henriques P,Dello Iacono L,Gimeno A,Biolchi A,Romano MR,Arda A,Bernardes GJL,Jimenez-Barbero J,Berti F,Rappuoli R,Adamo R

更新日期：2020-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to observations in bacteria and fungi, frameshift mutations in bacteriophage T4 do not arise during genetic recombination. Nascent mutants, captured in the heterozygous condition, exhibit properties which indicate that the new lesions are located at the extreme tips of the chromosomes, and are segregated b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lindstrom DM,Drake JW

更新日期：1970-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the serious limitations of tokamaks as reactors is the occurrence of disruptions. Stellarators designed by advanced computational methods provide an attractive alternative for a major experiment in magnetic fusion research. Configurations with approximate two-dimensional magnetic symmetry have been found with h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Garabedian PR

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ants are the world's most conspicuous and important eusocial insects and their diversity, abundance, and extreme behavioral specializations make them a model system for several disciplines within the biological sciences. Here, we report the discovery of a new ant that appears to represent the sister lineage to all ext...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rabeling C,Brown JM,Verhaagh M

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Appropriate expression of IL-2 plays a central role during the priming and differentiation of T cells. A tight balance between IL-2 and the effector cytokine IL-17A is essential for immune homeostasis. Epigenetic mechanisms have been documented as a key component of cytokine regulation during lineage commitment. The m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hedrich CM,Crispin JC,Rauen T,Ioannidis C,Apostolidis SA,Lo MS,Kyttaris VC,Tsokos GC

更新日期：2012-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We isolated erythroleukemic cell lines arrested at different levels of the erythroid differentiation pathway. One cell line (CB5), established from mice infected with the helper-independent Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV), exhibited properties similar to those of the normal erythroid progenitor burst-forming cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shibuya T,Mak TW

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In yeast meiosis, crossing-over between homologues is dependent upon double-strand breaks. We demonstrate that the occurrence of these breaks is independent of pairing between homologues by showing that they occur with normal frequency, timing, and position in the absence of a homologue. This observation supports mode...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gilbertson LA,Stahl FW

更新日期：1994-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it is well described in model membranes, little is known about phase separation in biological membranes. Here, we provide evidence for a coexistence of at least two different lipid bilayer phases in the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells. Phase connectivity was assessed by measuring long-range diffusi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meder D,Moreno MJ,Verkade P,Vaz WL,Simons K

更新日期：2006-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) biology has focused on the tightly regulated enzymatic mechanism that transforms L-arginine into a family of molecules, which serve both signaling and defense functions. However, very little is known of the pathways that metabolize these molecules or turn off the signals. The paradigm is well exempli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hausladen A,Gow AJ,Stamler JS

更新日期：1998-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In double-transgenic mice expressing a gene construct encoding hen egg lysozyme as well as rearranged anti-lysozyme antibody genes, large numbers of anti-lysozyme B cells are present in peripheral lymphoid tissues but are profoundly tolerant. The cellular basis for this form of non-deletional self-tolerance was explor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Adams E,Basten A,Goodnow CC

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In nine patients with GM1 gangliosidosis, liver ganglioside GM1 beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) activity ranged from less than 0.01% to 0.05% of normal. In a tenth patient's liver, much higher activity was found (0.5% of normal). In this patient the residual enzyme had the same molecular weight as beta-galactosidase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Norden AG,O'Brien JS

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00