Abstract:
:In contrast to observations in bacteria and fungi, frameshift mutations in bacteriophage T4 do not arise during genetic recombination. Nascent mutants, captured in the heterozygous condition, exhibit properties which indicate that the new lesions are located at the extreme tips of the chromosomes, and are segregated by a combination of recombination and replication.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Lindstrom DM,Drake JWdoi
10.1073/pnas.65.3.617subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1970-03-01 00:00:00pages
617-24issue
3eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The murine paired box-containing gene Pax1 is required for normal development of the vertebral column, the sternum, and the scapula. Previous studies have shown that three natural Pax1 mouse mutants, the undulated alleles, exhibit phenotypes of different severity in these skeletal elements. Nevertheless, these analyse...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.15.8692
更新日期:1998-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Outdoor ozone transported indoors initiates oxidative chemistry, forming volatile organic products. The influence of ozone chemistry on indoor air composition has not been directly quantified in normally occupied residences. Here, we explore indoor ozone chemistry in a house in California with two adult inhabitants. W...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2018140118
更新日期:2021-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::The balance between cell survival and cell death is critical for normal lymphoid development. This balance is maintained by signals through lymphocyte antigen receptors and death receptors such as CD95/Fas. In some cells, ligating the B cell antigen receptor can protect the cell from apoptosis induced by CD95. Here we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.111158598
更新日期:2001-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::The Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in growth control during development and regeneration and its dysregulation is widely implicated in various cancers. To further understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying Hippo signaling regulation, we have found that activities of core Hippo si...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1821370116
更新日期:2019-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, several proteins have been identified that are related in their sequence to the p53 tumor-suppressor protein. One of these proteins, which is termed p73, exhibits sequence homology to the p53 transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. The adenovirus E1B 55-kDa protein, the adenovir...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.26.15683
更新日期:1998-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty cats with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection and leukemia-lymphoma complex were treated by ex vivo immunoadsorption with Staphylococcus protein A-bound filters. Most cats responded to therapy. Twelve showed tumor regression, including disappearance of tumor cells, but died later of other complications. Three...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.11.3516
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human spliceosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyzes pre-mRNA splicing. It consists of five snRNAs and more than 200 proteins. Because of this complexity, much work has focused on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae spliceosome, viewed as a highly simplified system with fewer than half as many splicing f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1416879112
更新日期:2015-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::To identify mannosyl (Man)-containing intermediates of the human glycoinositol phospholipid (GPI) anchor pathway and examine their expression in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), mannolipid products deriving from in vitro guanosine diphosphate [3H]Man labeling of HeLa cell microsomes were characterized. The d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.13.6025
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In facultative photoperiodic flowering plants, noninductive photoperiods result in a delay in flowering, but such plants eventually flower, illustrating plasticity in an important developmental transition, flowering. The model plant, Arabidopsis, has a facultative photoperiod response. Although the inductive flowering...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1010834107
更新日期:2010-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling in the nervous system requires matching of neurotransmitter receptors with cognate neurotransmitters at synapses. The vertebrate neuromuscular junction is the best studied cholinergic synapse, but the mechanisms by which acetylcholine is matched with acetylcholine receptors are not fully understood. Because ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0607450104
更新日期:2007-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::To determine which of seven library design algorithms best introduces new protein function without destroying it altogether, seven combinatorial libraries of green fluorescent protein variants were designed and synthesized. Each was evaluated by distributions of emission intensity and color compiled from measurements ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0609647103
更新日期:2007-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated, cloned, and characterized two cDNAs corresponding to the mRNAs for cationic peroxidases synthesized by cultured peanut cells. The first clone was obtained from a phage lambda gt11 library screened with antibodies directed against the major secreted isozyme. Its predicted amino acid sequence, deduced ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.22.8874
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stimulation of the phosphatidylinositol cycle by neurotransmitters generates diacylglycerol, an activator of protein kinase C, which may regulate some forms of neurotransmission. Phorbol esters, potent inflammatory and tumor-promoting compounds, also activate protein kinase C. We demonstrate potent and selective effec...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.2.604
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central nervous system (CNS) trauma can result in tissue disruption, neuronal and axonal degeneration, and neurological dysfunction. The limited spontaneous CNS repair in adulthood and aging is often insufficient to overcome disability. Several investigations have demonstrated that targeting HDAC activity can protect ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0907935106
更新日期:2009-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Large mandibular defects are clinically challenging to reconstruct due to the complex anatomy of the jaw and the limited availability of appropriate tissue for repair. We envision leveraging current advances in fabrication and biomaterials to create implantable devices that generate bone within the patients themselves...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1819246116
更新日期:2019-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Maintaining active growth and effective immune responses is often costly for a living organism to survive. Fine-tuning the shared cross-regulators is crucial for metazoans and plants to make a trade-off between growth and immunity. The Arabidopsis regulatory receptor-like kinase BAK1 complexes with the receptor kinase...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1302154110
更新日期:2013-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::A mitochondrial ribosome with an approximate sedimentation coefficient of 60 S has been isolated from the ovary of the South African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis. This ribosome is active in a submitochondrial protein-synthesizing system. It contains two species of RNA, designated as "21S" and 13S RNA, which have sequen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.66.1.117
更新日期:1970-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII) is a eukaryotic protease acting downstream of the 26S proteasome; it removes tripeptides from the degradation products released by the proteasome. Structural studies in vitro have revealed the basic architecture of TPPII, a two-stranded linear polymer that assembles to form a spindle-s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1701367114
更新日期:2017-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) refers to the earliest clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Currently there are no prognostic biological markers that accurately predict conversion of CIS to clinically definite MS (CDMS). Furthermore, the earliest molecular events in MS are still unknown. We used micro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0805065105
更新日期:2008-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::The caspases are cysteine proteases that have been implicated in the execution of programmed cell death in organisms ranging from nematodes to humans. Many members of the Bcl-2 family, including Bcl-XL, are potent inhibitors of programmed cell death and inhibit activation of caspases in cells. Here, we report a direct...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.2.554
更新日期:1998-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Extensive studies have detailed the molecular regulation of individual components of the hemostatic system, including platelets, coagulation factors, and regulatory proteins. Questions remain, however, about how these elements are integrated at the systems level within a rapidly changing physical environment. To answe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1813642116
更新日期:2019-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::PAX5 is a well-known haploinsufficient tumor suppressor gene in human B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and is involved in various chromosomal translocations that fuse a part of PAX5 with other partners. However, the role of PAX5 fusion proteins in B-ALL initiation and transformation is ill-known. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1721678115
更新日期:2018-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause disease in various human tissues and organs, including the ear, the brain, the blood, and the lung, and thus in highly diverse and dynamic environments. It is challenging to study how pneumococci control virulence factor expression, because cues of natural environments and the presen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1920015117
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::The recent discovery of small molecules targeting the cytochrome bc 1 :aa 3 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis triggered interest in the terminal respiratory oxidases for antituberculosis drug development. The mycobacterial cytochrome...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1706139114
更新日期:2017-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::We have inserted a fourth protein ligand into the zinc coordination polyhedron of carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) that increases metal affinity 200-fold (Kd = 20 fM). The three-dimensional structures of threonine-199-->aspartate (T199D) and threonine-199-->glutamate (T199E) CAIIs, determined by x-ray crystallographic met...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.11.5017
更新日期:1995-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Ig heavy chain (IgH) isotypes (e.g., IgM, IgG, and IgE) are generated as secreted/soluble antibodies (sIg) or as membrane-bound (mIg) B cell receptors (BCRs) through alternative RNA splicing. IgH isotype dictates soluble antibody function, but how mIg isotype influences B cell behavior is not well defined. We examined...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1704962114
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::A photosensitizer conjugate, chlorin e6 (Ce6) covalently bound to 1-micron-diameter polystyrene microspheres, has been investigated in the photodynamic destruction of MGH-U1 human bladder carcinoma cells in vitro. The microspheres were taken up avidly by the carcinoma cells; confocal laser scanning fluorescence micros...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.4.1580
更新日期:1991-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::During excitation-contraction (e-c) coupling of striated muscle, depolarization of the surface membrane is converted into Ca2+ release from internal stores. This process occurs at intracellular junctions characterized by a specialized composition and structural organization of membrane proteins. The coordinated arrang...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.8101
更新日期:1996-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Although still poorly understood, the chemistry that occurs on the surfaces of interstellar dust particles profoundly affects the growth of molecules in the interstellar medium. The most important surface reaction is the conversion of atomic to molecular hydrogen, which is a precursor for all subsequent molecular deve...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0601556103
更新日期:2006-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The protooncogene src encodes two proteins, designated pp60c-src+ and pp60c-src.pp60c-src+ is expressed only in neurons, whereas pp60c-src is expressed in neuronal and nonneuronal cells. pp60c-src+ differs from pp60c-src in that it contains an insert of 6 amino acids. To study the evolutionary conservation of the 6-am...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.12.4751
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00