Intravenous cocaine, morphine, and amphetamine preferentially increase extracellular dopamine in the "shell" as compared with the "core" of the rat nucleus accumbens.

abstract：:A stable complex between pentaammineruthenium(III) and histidine-33 in horse heart ferricytochrome c is formed in the reaction between aquopentaammineruthenium(II) and the protein at pH 7. HPLC of the tryptic hydrolysate of the modified protein was employed to identify the pentaammineruthenium binding site. Spectrosco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yocom KM,Shelton JB,Shelton JR,Schroeder WA,Worosila G,Isied SS,Bordignon E,Gray HB

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of insect resistance to pesticides poses a continuing threat to agriculture and human health. While much is known about the proximate molecular and biochemical mechanisms that confer resistance, far less is known about the regulation of the specific genes/gene families involved, particularly by trans-act...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang X,Deng S,Wei X,Yang J,Zhao Q,Yin C,Du T,Guo Z,Xia J,Yang Z,Xie W,Wang S,Wu Q,Yang F,Zhou X,Nauen R,Bass C,Zhang Y

更新日期：2020-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The transition to pulmonary respiration after birth requires rapid alterations in the structure of the mammalian cardiovascular system. One dramatic change that occurs is the closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA), an arterial connection in the fetus that directs blood flow away from the pulmonary circulation. Two memb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levet S,Ouarné M,Ciais D,Coutton C,Subileau M,Mallet C,Ricard N,Bidart M,Debillon T,Faravelli F,Rooryck C,Feige JJ,Tillet E,Bailly S

更新日期：2015-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccades are rapid eye movements that orient the visual axis toward objects of interest to allow their processing by the central, high-acuity retina. Our ability to collect visual information efficiently relies on saccadic accuracy, which is limited by a combination of uncertainty in the location of the target and mot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lisi M,Solomon JA,Morgan MJ

更新日期：2019-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Cones show briefer light responses than rods and do not saturate even under very bright light. Using purified rod and cone homogenates, we measured the activity of guanylate cyclase (GC), an enzyme responsible for cGMP synthesis and therefore recovery of a light response. The basal GC activity was 36 times higher in c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takemoto N,Tachibanaki S,Kawamura S

更新日期：2009-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial distribution of plant defenses within a leaf may be critical in explaining patterns of herbivory. The generalist lepidopteran larvae, Helicoverpa armigera (the cotton bollworm), avoided the midvein and periphery of Arabidopsis thaliana rosette leaves and fed almost exclusively on the inner lamina. This fee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shroff R,Vergara F,Muck A,Svatos A,Gershenzon J

更新日期：2008-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein (GRIP1) is a member of the ERAP160 family of nuclear receptor (NR) coactivators (including SRC-1 and TIF2) which function as bridging proteins between ligand-activated NRs bound to cognate hormone-response elements (HREs) and the transcription initiation apparatus ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walfish PG,Yoganathan T,Yang YF,Hong H,Butt TR,Stallcup MR

更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal monkeys and monkeys with lesions of the hippocampal formation and adjacent cortex (the H+ lesion) were trained on the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS) task with a delay of 0.5 s between the sample and the choice. The animals with H+ lesions learned the task normally at this short delay and also exhibited th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alvarez P,Zola-Morgan S,Squire LR

更新日期：1994-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Opportunistic infections are often polymicrobial. Two of the most important bacterial opportunistic pathogens of humans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, frequently are coisolated from infections of catheters, endotracheal tubes, skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract, including the airways of people w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoffman LR,Déziel E,D'Argenio DA,Lépine F,Emerson J,McNamara S,Gibson RL,Ramsey BW,Miller SI

更新日期：2006-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The Nod-like receptor family in man contains proteins that recognize invasive bacteria. Nod1, a member of this family, is activated by specific peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides that contain meso-diaminopimelic acid. Plants contain a large family of proteins known as resistance (R) proteins that have common structura...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： da Silva Correia J,Miranda Y,Leonard N,Ulevitch R

更新日期：2007-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations are a hallmark of cancer. Normal cells minimize spontaneous mutations through the combined actions of polymerase base selectivity, 3' --> 5' exonucleolytic proofreading, mismatch correction, and DNA damage repair. To determine the consequences of defective proofreading in mammals, we created mice with a poin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goldsby RE,Hays LE,Chen X,Olmsted EA,Slayton WB,Spangrude GJ,Preston BD

更新日期：2002-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult cardiomyocytes are irreversibly postmitotic but respond to a variety of stimuli by hypertrophic growth, which is associated with an increase in cell size and protein content, organization of sarcomeres, and activation of a fetal gene program. Recently, we described a novel cardiac helicase activated by MEF2 prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu ZP,Olson EN

更新日期：2002-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The p6 domain of HIV-1 Gag contains highly conserved peptide motifs that recruit host machinery to sites of virus assembly, thereby promoting particle release from the infected cell. We previously reported that mutations in the YPXnL motif of p6, which binds the host protein Alix, severely impair HIV-1 replication. Pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Duyne R,Kuo LS,Pham P,Fujii K,Freed EO

更新日期：2019-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate the successful fabrication on CaF2 substrates of FeSe(1-x)Tex films with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, including the region of 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.4, which is well known to be the "phase-separation region," via pulsed laser deposition that is a thermodynamically nonequilibrium method. In the resulting films, we observe a giant en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imai Y,Sawada Y,Nabeshima F,Maeda A

更新日期：2015-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Myocytes in the atria contain a prohormone that gives rise to atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP), which have intrinsic hemodynamic regulatory activity. Little is known about mechanisms regulating ANP release. In rats with indwelling catheters, acute blood volume expansion with 5% (wt/vol) dextrose increases the amount ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zamir N,Haass M,Dave JR,Zukowska-Grojec Z

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cdc28 protein kinase functions in the G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This is in contrast with observations of the homologous protein kinase from a variety of metazoans, where activity and function are associated with the G2 to M phase transition. We presen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reed SI,Wittenberg C

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly purified preparations of trp repressor (TrpR) protein derived from Escherichia coli strains that were engineered to overexpress this material were found to contain another protein, of 21 kDa. The second protein, designated WrbA [for tryptophan (W) repressor-binding protein] remained associated with its namesake...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang W,Ni L,Somerville RL

更新日期：1993-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous relatively short regions within intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) serve as molecular recognition elements (MoREs). They fold into ordered structures upon binding to their partner molecules. Currently, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of how coupled binding and folding occurs in MoREs. He...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Chu X,Longhi S,Roche P,Han W,Wang E,Wang J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental cues are transmitted to the interior of the cell via a complex network of signaling hubs. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and trimeric G proteins are two such major signaling hubs in eukaryotes. Conventionally, canonical signal transduction via trimeric G proteins is thought to be triggered exclusively ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Midde KK,Aznar N,Laederich MB,Ma GS,Kunkel MT,Newton AC,Ghosh P

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:An argument is presented in favor of the hypothesis that, bovine carboxypeptidases A and B fit by and large, the concept of homology on the levels of both amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure. Two peptide sequences from carboxypeptidases A and B, comprising 46 amino acid residues, display structural hom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bradshaw RA,Neurath H,Walsh KA

更新日期：1969-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our recent studies have shown that deregulated expression of R2, the rate-limiting component of ribonucleotide reductase, enhances transformation and malignant potential by cooperating with activated oncogenes. We now demonstrate that the R1 component of ribonucleotide reductase has tumor-suppressing activity. Stable ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan H,Huang A,Villegas C,Wright JA

更新日期：1997-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Ceramide, a lipid mediator, has been most closely associated with antiproliferative activities. In this study, we examine the mechanism by which ceramide induces growth suppression and the role of the retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) in this process. Withdrawal of serum from the serum-dependent MOLT-4 cells resulted i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dbaibo GS,Pushkareva MY,Jayadev S,Schwarz JK,Horowitz JM,Obeid LM,Hannun YA

更新日期：1995-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic elements, although required only in trace amounts, permit life and primary productivity because of their functions in catalysis. Every organism has a minimal requirement of each metal based on the intracellular abundance of proteins that use inorganic cofactors, but elemental sparing mechanisms can reduce th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kropat J,Gallaher SD,Urzica EI,Nakamoto SS,Strenkert D,Tottey S,Mason AZ,Merchant SS

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation is the raw material for natural selection, but the factors shaping variation are still poorly understood. Genetic and developmental interactions can direct variation, but there has been little synthesis of these effects with the extrinsic factors that can shape biodiversity over large scales. The study of ph...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goswami A,Binder WJ,Meachen J,O'Keefe FR

更新日期：2015-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the trimeric HIV-1 envelope (Env) spike, the first and second variable loops (V1V2 region) and the third variable loop (V3) of the gp120 subunit play dual roles in antibody recognition, because they contain neutralization epitopes and also participate in epitope masking. The spatial relationships between V1V2 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu L,Cimbro R,Lusso P,Berger EA

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite early speculation to the contrary, all tropical forests studied to date display seasonal variations in the presence of new leaves, flowers, and fruits. Past studies were focused on the timing of phenological events and their cues but not on the accompanying changes in leaf area that regulate vegetation-atmosph...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Myneni RB,Yang W,Nemani RR,Huete AR,Dickinson RE,Knyazikhin Y,Didan K,Fu R,Negrón Juárez RI,Saatchi SS,Hashimoto H,Ichii K,Shabanov NV,Tan B,Ratana P,Privette JL,Morisette JT,Vermote EF,Roy DP,Wolfe RE,Friedl MA,

更新日期：2007-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel OTX-related homeodomain transcription factor has been identified on the basis of its ability to interact with the transactivation domain of the pituitary-specific POU domain protein, Pit-1. This factor, referred to as P-OTX (pituitary OTX-related factor), is expressed in primordial Rathke's pouch, oral epithel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Szeto DP,Ryan AK,O'Connell SM,Rosenfeld MG

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli recQ gene, a member of the RecF recombination gene family, was set in an overexpression plasmid, and its product was purified to near-homogeneity. The purified RecQ protein exhibited a DNA-dependent ATPase and a helicase activity. Without DNA, no ATPase activity was detected. The capacity as ATPas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Umezu K,Nakayama K,Nakayama H

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological and activity-dependent gene expression studies of birdsong have contributed to the understanding of the neural representation of natural sounds. However, we have limited knowledge about the overall spatial topography of song representation in the avian brain. Here, we adapt the noninvasive functio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Voss HU,Tabelow K,Polzehl J,Tchernichovski O,Maul KK,Salgado-Commissariat D,Ballon D,Helekar SA

更新日期：2007-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Although some important advances in the modeling of sorption and hygrothermal deformations of nanoporous materials such as hydrated cement paste, shale, coal, and some other rocks and soils have already been made, a comprehensive nanoporomechanics theory remains elusive. Here we strive to formulate it based on Gibb's ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nguyen H,Rahimi-Aghdam S,Bažant ZP

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00