Abstract:
:Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive, early onset, and often bilateral eye condition, in which the cornea gradually weakens and bulges out, and in advanced cases may eventually become cone-shaped. The available evidence suggests that it is a multifactorial disease with environmental and genetic contributions. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of 24 zinc-dependent proteases with the ability to degrade collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which are important components of the cornea. During the past two decades a growing body of literature has accumulated suggesting a link between MMPs and keratoconus. This article aims to summarize the current knowledge on the role of MMPs in the pathogenesis of KC. MMP-driven ECM remodelling is thought to be a necessary step for cornea healing, but a fine balance in the expression of MMPs is essential in maintaining the integrity and transparency of the cornea and for its correct healing, and an imbalance in this tightly regulated process may, in the long term, result in the progressive weakening of the cornea. There is extensive evidence that MMPs are upregulated in the corneal tissue and tears of KC patients, implicating dysregulated proteolysis in KC, with an increase in the level of some MMPs, particularly MMP-1 and MMP-9, confirmed in multiple independent studies. There is also evidence for a causative link between inflammation, which could result from the mechanical trauma due to contact lens wearing or/and eye rubbing, and the increased MMPs production observed in KC. However, the precise role of each MMP in the cornea is still unclear and the mechanisms causing their upregulation are mostly undiscovered. Further studies are required to verify the functional role of specific MMPs in KC development and assess the genetic association between common MMPs variants and risk of KC. As MMPs inhibitors are in development, this information could potentially drive the discovery of new treatments for KC.
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
di Martino E,Ali M,Inglehearn CFdoi
10.1016/j.exer.2019.03.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
137-143eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007pii
S0014-4835(18)30796-6journal_volume
182pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE:The feasibility of corneal reconstruction with cultured adult human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC) was examined in a nude rat model. METHODS:Endothelial cells were removed from the corneas of Lewis rats using a sterile cotton swab. Cultured adult HCEC labelled with a fluorescent marker chloromethyl-benzamido...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2009.06.020
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.09.024
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2006.06.014
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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