Inositol phosphates are assembly co-factors for HIV-1.

abstract：:A significant portion of prebiotic organic matter on the early Earth may have been introduced by carbonaceous asteroids and comets. The distribution and stable-isotope composition of individual organic compounds in carbonaceous meteorites, which are thought to be derived from asteroidal parent bodies, may therefore pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Engel MH,Macko SA,Silfer JA

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial organization of the genome is intimately linked to its biological function, yet our understanding of higher order genomic structure is coarse, fragmented and incomplete. In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, interphase chromosomes occupy distinct chromosome territories, and numerous models have been proposed...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dixon JR,Selvaraj S,Yue F,Kim A,Li Y,Shen Y,Hu M,Liu JS,Ren B

更新日期：2012-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Biodegradation of crude oil by bacterial activity--which has occurred in the majority of the Earth's oil reserves--is known to reduce greatly the quality of petroleum in reservoirs. For economically successful prospecting for oil, it is therefore important to understand the processes and conditions in geological forma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wilhelms A,Larter SR,Head I,Farrimond P,di-Primio R,Zwach C

更新日期：2001-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Dynamin is a mechanochemical GTPase that oligomerizes around the neck of clathrin-coated pits and catalyses vesicle scission in a GTP-hydrolysis-dependent manner. The molecular details of oligomerization and the mechanism of the mechanochemical coupling are currently unknown. Here we present the crystal structure of h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Faelber K,Posor Y,Gao S,Held M,Roske Y,Schulze D,Haucke V,Noé F,Daumke O

更新日期：2011-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In BRAF(V600)-mutant tumours, most mechanisms of resistance to drugs that target the BRAF and/or MEK kinases rely on reactivation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway, on activation of the alternative, PI(3)K-AKT-mTOR, pathway (which is ERK independent) or on modul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Boussemart L,Malka-Mahieu H,Girault I,Allard D,Hemmingsson O,Tomasic G,Thomas M,Basmadjian C,Ribeiro N,Thuaud F,Mateus C,Routier E,Kamsu-Kom N,Agoussi S,Eggermont AM,Désaubry L,Robert C,Vagner S

更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle involves a voltage sensor in the plasma membrane which, in response to depolarization, causes an intracellular calcium-release channel to open. The skeletal isoform of the ryanodine receptor (RyR-1) functions as the Ca2+-release channel and the dihydropyridine recepto...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nakai J,Dirksen RT,Nguyen HT,Pessah IN,Beam KG,Allen PD

更新日期：1996-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial genomes (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA) encode essential oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) components. Because hundreds of mtDNAs exist per cell, a deletion in a single mtDNA has little impact. However, if the deletion genome is enriched, OXPHOS declines, resulting in cellular dysfunction. For example, Kearn...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lin YF,Schulz AM,Pellegrino MW,Lu Y,Shaham S,Haynes CM

更新日期：2016-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Generation of a diverse and self-tolerant T-cell repertoire requires appropriate interpretation of T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signals by CD4(+ ) CD8(+) double-positive thymocytes. Thymocyte cell fate is dictated by the nature of TCR-major-histocompatibility-complex (MHC)-peptide interactions, with signals of higher...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Staton TL,Lazarevic V,Jones DC,Lanser AJ,Takagi T,Ishii S,Glimcher LH

更新日期：2011-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ndc80 complex is a key site of regulated kinetochore-microtubule attachment (a process required for cell division), but the molecular mechanism underlying its function remains unknown. Here we present a subnanometre-resolution cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the human Ndc80 complex bound to microtubules...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Alushin GM,Ramey VH,Pasqualato S,Ball DA,Grigorieff N,Musacchio A,Nogales E

更新日期：2010-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Enhancers are DNA sequences that stimulate transcription from eukaryotic promoters. This stimulatory effect can be exerted over large distances and from a position either 5' or 3' of a promoter. Enhancers have been found in the genomes of many viruses, and in some cellular genes such as those encoding immunoglobulin h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Garcia JV,Bich-Thuy LT,Stafford J,Queen C

更新日期：1986-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Ordinarily, photons do not interact with one another. However, atoms can be used to mediate photonic interactions1,2, raising the prospect of forming synthetic materials3 and quantum information systems4-7 from photons. One promising approach combines highly excited Rydberg atoms8-12 with the enhanced light-matter cou...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clark LW,Jia N,Schine N,Baum C,Georgakopoulos A,Simon J

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Light usually propagates inside transparent materials in well known ways. However, recent research has examined the possibility of modifying the way the light travels by taking a normal transparent dielectric and inserting tiny metallic inclusions of various shapes and arrangements. As light passes through these struc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tsakmakidis KL,Boardman AD,Hess O

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been contentious whether the large representation of the fovea in the primate visual cortex (V1) indicates a selective magnification of this part of the retina, or whether it merely reflects the density of retinal ganglion cells. The measurement of the retinal ganglion-cell density is complicated by latera...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wässle H,Grünert U,Röhrenbeck J,Boycott BB

更新日期：1989-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Eukaryotic cells seem to use GTP hydrolysis to regulate vesicular traffic in exocytosis and endocytosis. The best evidence for this comes from studies on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that have identified two small Ras-related GTP-binding proteins, Sec4p and Ypt1p, which control distinct stages of the secretory p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goud B,Zahraoui A,Tavitian A,Saraste J

更新日期：1990-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The first open meeting to discuss the growing issue of commercialism in academic research was convened by the New York Bar Association's patent committee. Participants included Steven Muller, president of Johns Hopkins University, Joshua Lederberg, president of Rockefeller University, and A. Thomas Bartlett, presiden...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stein MD

更新日期：1982-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated enzyme Cas9 is an RNA-guided endonuclease that uses RNA-DNA base-pairing to target foreign DNA in bacteria. Cas9-guide RNA complexes are also effective genome engineering agents in animals and plants. Here we use single-molecule and bulk...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sternberg SH,Redding S,Jinek M,Greene EC,Doudna JA

更新日期：2014-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a class of protein antigens of high relative molecular mass (Mt) which can induce protective immunity against blood-stage malaria has been identified. In Plasmodium falciparum the protein has a Mr of approximately 195,000 (P195). It is the precursor of three proteins of Mr 83,000 (83K), 42K and 19K which are...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Holder AA,Lockyer MJ,Odink KG,Sandhu JS,Riveros-Moreno V,Nicholls SC,Hillman Y,Davey LS,Tizard ML,Schwarz RT

更新日期：1985-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus)-the only living member of the reptilian order Rhynchocephalia (Sphenodontia), once widespread across Gondwana1,2-is an iconic species that is endemic to New Zealand2,3. A key link to the now-extinct stem reptiles (from which dinosaurs, modern reptiles, birds and mammals evolved), the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gemmell NJ,Rutherford K,Prost S,Tollis M,Winter D,Macey JR,Adelson DL,Suh A,Bertozzi T,Grau JH,Organ C,Gardner PP,Muffato M,Patricio M,Billis K,Martin FJ,Flicek P,Petersen B,Kang L,Michalak P,Buckley TR,Wilson M

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Major ice sheets were permanently established on Antarctica approximately 34 million years ago, close to the Eocene/Oligocene boundary, at the same time as a permanent deepening of the calcite compensation depth in the world's oceans. Until recently, it was thought that Northern Hemisphere glaciation began much later,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Edgar KM,Wilson PA,Sexton PF,Suganuma Y

更新日期：2007-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Contact inhibition of locomotion was discovered by Abercrombie more than 50 years ago and describes the behaviour of fibroblast cells confronting each other in vitro, where they retract their protrusions and change direction on contact. Its failure was suggested to contribute to malignant invasion. However, the molecu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carmona-Fontaine C,Matthews HK,Kuriyama S,Moreno M,Dunn GA,Parsons M,Stern CD,Mayor R

更新日期：2008-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:A plasmalemmal Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange mechanism is an important electrogenic determinant of contractility in cardiac cells. As in other cell types, calcium influx by Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange is secondarily activated by cytoplasmic calcium and probably ATP, but these modulatory mechanisms are either absent or altered in isolat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hilgemann DW

更新日期：1990-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Change history: In Fig. 1c of this Letter, the two graphs were duplicates. The right panel of Fig. 1c has been corrected online. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lai B,Gao W,Cui K,Xie W,Tang Q,Jin W,Hu G,Ni B,Zhao K

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the continued increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, the annual-mean global temperature has not risen in the twenty-first century, challenging the prevailing view that anthropogenic forcing causes climate warming. Various mechanisms have been proposed for this hiatus in global warming, but thei...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kosaka Y,Xie SP

更新日期：2013-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The mutation brachypodism (bp) alters the length and number of bones in the limbs of mice but spares the axial skeleton. It illustrates the importance of specific genes in controlling the morphogenesis of individual skeletal elements in the tetrapod limb. We now report the isolation of three new members of the transfo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Storm EE,Huynh TV,Copeland NG,Jenkins NA,Kingsley DM,Lee SJ

更新日期：1994-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A kinase distinct from the MEK activator Raf, termed MEK kinase-1 (MEKK), was originally identified by virtue of its homology to kinases involved in yeast mating signal cascades. Like Raf, MEKK is capable of activating MEK in vitro. High-level expression of MEKK in COS-7 cells or using vaccinia virus vectors also acti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yan M,Dai T,Deak JC,Kyriakis JM,Zon LI,Woodgett JR,Templeton DJ

更新日期：1994-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Microtubule-based ATPases of the kinesin superfamily provide the motile force for many animated features of living cells. Kinesin motors differ in their direction of movement along microtubules. Kinesin and ncd, a kinesin-related motor involved in formation and maintenance of mitotic and meiotic spindles, move in oppo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sablin EP,Kull FJ,Cooke R,Vale RD,Fletterick RJ

更新日期：1996-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomes from all of the crucial bacterial pathogens of humans, plants and animals have now been sequenced, as have genomes from many of the important commensal, symbiotic and environmental microorganisms. Analysis of these sequences has revealed the forces that shape pathogen evolution and has brought to light unexpec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pallen MJ,Wren BW

更新日期：2007-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In information processing, as in physics, our classical world view provides an incomplete approximation to an underlying quantum reality. Quantum effects like interference and entanglement play no direct role in conventional information processing, but they can--in principle now, but probably eventually in practice--b...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bennett CH,DiVincenzo DP

更新日期：2000-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Enzymes are the subset of proteins that catalyse the chemistry of life, transforming both macromolecular substrates and small molecules. The precise three-dimensional architecture of enzymes permits almost unerring selectivity in physical and chemical steps to impose remarkable rate accelerations and specificity in pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Walsh C

更新日期：2001-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA polymerase V (pol V) and RecA proteins are essential components of a mutagenic translesion synthesis pathway in Escherichia coli designed to cope with DNA damage. Previously, it has been assumed that RecA binds to the DNA template strand being copied. Here we show, however, that pol-V-catalysed translesion syn...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schlacher K,Cox MM,Woodgate R,Goodman MF

更新日期：2006-08-24 00:00:00