The tuatara genome reveals ancient features of amniote evolution.

abstract：:Macroscopic mechanical oscillators have been coaxed into a regime of quantum behaviour by direct refrigeration or a combination of refrigeration and laser-like cooling. This result supports the idea that mechanical oscillators may perform useful functions in the processing of quantum information with superconducting c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Palomaki TA,Harlow JW,Teufel JD,Simmonds RW,Lehnert KW

更新日期：2013-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The amino-terminal region of the common corticotropin/beta-lipotrophin (beta-LPH) precursor has been identified in the AtT-20 mouse tumor cells as a glycopeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 16,000 (the '16K fragment'). A third melanotropin core sequence or gamma-MSH similar to that found in ACTH and beta-LPH ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Al-Dujaili EA,Hope J,Estivariz FE,Lowry PJ,Edwards CR

更新日期：1981-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Phase and antigenic variation of pilin expression in Neisseria gonorrhoeae result from recombination events in which variant sequences from one of the silent loci (pilS) are transferred to the expression locus (pilE). Such rearrangements were originally thought to be gene conversions, but findings showing that phase v...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gibbs CP,Reimann BY,Schultz E,Kaufmann A,Haas R,Meyer TF

更新日期：1989-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Over 50% of patients who survive neuroinvasive infection with West Nile virus (WNV) exhibit chronic cognitive sequelae. Although thousands of cases of WNV-mediated memory dysfunction accrue annually, the mechanisms responsible for these impairments are unknown. The classical complement cascade, a key component of inna...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vasek MJ,Garber C,Dorsey D,Durrant DM,Bollman B,Soung A,Yu J,Perez-Torres C,Frouin A,Wilton DK,Funk K,DeMasters BK,Jiang X,Bowen JR,Mennerick S,Robinson JK,Garbow JR,Tyler KL,Suthar MS,Schmidt RE,Stevens B,Klein

更新日期：2016-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Distance determination in animals can be achieved by visual or non-visual cues. Weakly electric fish use active electrolocation for orientation in the dark. By perceiving self-produced electric signals with epidermal electroreceptors, fish can detect, locate and analyse nearby objects. Distance discrimination, however...

journal_title：Nature

authors： von der Emde G,Schwarz S,Gomez L,Budelli R,Grant K

更新日期：1998-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In the originally published version of this Article, the sequenced axolotl strain (the homozygous white mutant) was denoted as 'D/D' rather than 'd/d' in Fig. 1a and the accompanying legend, the main text and the Methods section. The original Article has been corrected online. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nowoshilow S,Schloissnig S,Fei JF,Dahl A,Pang AWC,Pippel M,Winkler S,Hastie AR,Young G,Roscito JG,Falcon F,Knapp D,Powell S,Cruz A,Cao H,Habermann B,Hiller M,Tanaka EM,Myers EW

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex roles are typically thought of as being fixed for a given species. In most animals males compete for females, whereas the females are more reluctant to mate. Therefore sexual selection usually acts most strongly on males. This is explained by males having a higher potential reproductive rate than females, leading ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Forsgren E,Amundsen T,Borg AA,Bjelvenmark J

更新日期：2004-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of the actin-based motility of the intracellular pathogens Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella flexneri have provided important insight into the events occurring at the leading edges of motile cells. Like the bacteria Listeria and Shigella, vaccinia virus, a relative of the causative agent of smallpox, uses ac...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Frischknecht F,Moreau V,Röttger S,Gonfloni S,Reckmann I,Superti-Furga G,Way M

更新日期：1999-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Explaining the large-scale diversity of soil organisms that drive biogeochemical processes-and their responses to environmental change-is critical. However, identifying consistent drivers of belowground diversity and abundance for some soil organisms at large spatial scales remains problematic. Here we investigate a m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van der Linde S,Suz LM,Orme CDL,Cox F,Andreae H,Asi E,Atkinson B,Benham S,Carroll C,Cools N,De Vos B,Dietrich HP,Eichhorn J,Gehrmann J,Grebenc T,Gweon HS,Hansen K,Jacob F,Kristöfel F,Lech P,Manninger M,Martin J

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila modulates the activity of host GTPases to direct the transport and assembly of the membrane-bound compartment in which it resides. In vitro studies have indicated that the Legionella protein DrrA post-translationally modifies the GTPase Rab1 by a process called AMPylat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mukherjee S,Liu X,Arasaki K,McDonough J,Galán JE,Roy CR

更新日期：2011-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A quantum internet that connects remote quantum processors1,2 should enable a number of revolutionary applications such as distributed quantum computing. Its realization will rely on entanglement of remote quantum memories over long distances. Despite enormous progress3-12, at present the maximal physical separation a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yu Y,Ma F,Luo XY,Jing B,Sun PF,Fang RZ,Yang CW,Liu H,Zheng MY,Xie XP,Zhang WJ,You LX,Wang Z,Chen TY,Zhang Q,Bao XH,Pan JW

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is known that glucose-induced depolarization of pancreatic B-cells is due to reduced membrane K+-permeability and is coupled to an increase in the rate of glycolysis, but there has been no direct evidence linking specific metabolic processes or products to the closing of membrane K+ channels. During patch-clamp stu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cook DL,Hales CN

更新日期：1984-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The spread of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has sustained a continuing search for new agents with antibacterial activity against this important class of bacterial pathogen. Because the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is unique to Gram-negative bacteria and required by them for growth and vir...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goldman R,Kohlbrenner W,Lartey P,Pernet A

更新日期：1987-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical benefit for patients with diverse types of metastatic cancers that has been observed upon blockade of the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 has highlighted the importance of this inhibitory axis in the suppression of tumour-specific T-cell responses. Notwithstanding the key role of PD-L1 expression by ce...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mezzadra R,Sun C,Jae LT,Gomez-Eerland R,de Vries E,Wu W,Logtenberg MEW,Slagter M,Rozeman EA,Hofland I,Broeks A,Horlings HM,Wessels LFA,Blank CU,Xiao Y,Heck AJR,Borst J,Brummelkamp TR,Schumacher TNM

更新日期：2017-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules bind immunogenic peptides and present them to lymphocytes bearing the alpha beta T-cell antigen receptor (TCR). An analogous antigen-presenting function also has been proposed for the non-MHC-encoded CD1 molecules, a family of non-polymorphic, beta ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beckman EM,Porcelli SA,Morita CT,Behar SM,Furlong ST,Brenner MB

更新日期：1994-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In lung diseases such as asthma, expiratory flow becomes limited, airways can collapse and the vital exchange of gases is compromised. Here we model the inflation of collapsed regions of the lung during inspiration in terms of avalanches propagating through a bifurcating network of airways, and find that the accompany...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Alencar AM,Arold SP,Buldyrev SV,Majumdar A,Stamenović D,Stanley HE,Suki B

更新日期：2002-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has a key role in the antigen-specific clonal growth of T lymphocytes, by virtue of its interaction with a specific cell-surface receptor (IL-2R). The growth signal seems to be delivered by IL-2 bound to the high-affinity, but not the low-affinity, receptor. Genes encoding IL-2 and its receptor (t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hatakeyama M,Minamoto S,Uchiyama T,Hardy RR,Yamada G,Taniguchi T

更新日期：1985-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Foreign protein antigens must be broken down within endosomes or lysosomes to generate suitable peptides that will form complexes with class II major histocompatibility complex molecules for presentation to T cells. However, it is not known which proteases are required for antigen processing. To investigate this, we e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Manoury B,Hewitt EW,Morrice N,Dando PM,Barrett AJ,Watts C

更新日期：1998-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Several microorganisms, including Yersinia sp., Salmonella sp., Brucella sp., Mycobacterium sp. and Leishmania sp., have successfully adapted to grow within macrophage phagolysosomes. Infections caused by these intracellular pathogens are among the most difficult to treat. As part of an antimicrobial strategy directed...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pollack C,Straley SC,Klempner MS

更新日期：1986-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the discovery of plate tectonics, the relative importance of driving forces of plate motion has been debated. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by uncertainties in estimates of basal traction, which controls the coupling between lithospheric plates and underlying mantle convection. Hotspot tracks preser...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eaton DW,Frederiksen A

更新日期：2007-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a class of protein antigens of high relative molecular mass (Mt) which can induce protective immunity against blood-stage malaria has been identified. In Plasmodium falciparum the protein has a Mr of approximately 195,000 (P195). It is the precursor of three proteins of Mr 83,000 (83K), 42K and 19K which are...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Holder AA,Lockyer MJ,Odink KG,Sandhu JS,Riveros-Moreno V,Nicholls SC,Hillman Y,Davey LS,Tizard ML,Schwarz RT

更新日期：1985-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:oop RNA, which is initiated at the po promoter and is 81 nucleotides long, can function as a leader sequence for the lambda immunity establishment transcription, previously believed to originate at a special promoter pre located in the y region. Thus, oop RNA seems to have a dual role, either favouring the lytic cycle...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Honigman A,Hu SL,Chase R,Szybalski W

更新日期：1976-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Volatile anaesthetics have historically been considered to act in a nonspecific manner on the central nervous system. More recent studies, however, have revealed that the receptors for inhibitory neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine are sensitive to clinically relevant concentrations of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mihic SJ,Ye Q,Wick MJ,Koltchine VV,Krasowski MD,Finn SE,Mascia MP,Valenzuela CF,Hanson KK,Greenblatt EP,Harris RA,Harrison NL

更新日期：1997-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The first open meeting to discuss the growing issue of commercialism in academic research was convened by the New York Bar Association's patent committee. Participants included Steven Muller, president of Johns Hopkins University, Joshua Lederberg, president of Rockefeller University, and A. Thomas Bartlett, presiden...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stein MD

更新日期：1982-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Arising from C. J. Phiel, C. A. Wilson, V. M.-Y. Lee & P. S. Klein 423, 435-439 (2003)A major unresolved issue in Alzheimer's disease is identifying the mechanisms that regulate proteolytic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP)-glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) isozymes are thought to be important in this re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jaworski T,Dewachter I,Lechat B,Gees M,Kremer A,Demedts D,Borghgraef P,Devijver H,Kügler S,Patel S,Woodgett JR,Van Leuven F

更新日期：2011-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Deaf children whose access to usable conventional linguistic input, signed or spoken, is severely limited nevertheless use gesture to communicate. These gestures resemble natural language in that they are structured at the level both of sentence and of word. Although the inclination to use gesture may be traceable to ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goldin-Meadow S,Mylander C

更新日期：1998-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The midbrain region periaqueductal grey (PAG) is rich in opioid receptors and endogenous opioids and is a major target of analgesic action in the central nervous system. It has been proposed that the analgesic effect of opioids on the PAG works by suppressing the inhibitory influence of the neurotransmitter GABA (gamm...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vaughan CW,Ingram SL,Connor MA,Christie MJ

更新日期：1997-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Transport of calcium ions across membranes and against a thermodynamic gradient is essential to many biological processes, including muscle contraction, the citric acid cycle, glycogen metabolism, release of neurotransmitters, vision, biological signal transduction and immune response. Synthetic systems that transport...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bennett IM,Farfano HM,Bogani F,Primak A,Liddell PA,Otero L,Sereno L,Silber JJ,Moore AL,Moore TA,Gust D

更新日期：2002-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Methyl chloride is the largest natural source of ozone-depleting chlorine compounds, and accounts for about 15 per cent of the present atmospheric chlorine content. This contribution was likely to have been relatively greater in pre-industrial times, when additional anthropogenic sources-such as chlorofluorocarbons-we...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yokouchi Y,Ikeda M,Inuzuka Y,Yukawa T

更新日期：2002-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic compass information has a key role in bird orientation, but the physiological mechanisms enabling birds to sense the Earth's magnetic field remain one of the unresolved mysteries in biology. Two biophysical mechanisms have become established as the most promising magnetodetection candidates. The iron-mineral-...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zapka M,Heyers D,Hein CM,Engels S,Schneider NL,Hans J,Weiler S,Dreyer D,Kishkinev D,Wild JM,Mouritsen H

更新日期：2009-10-29 00:00:00