Abstract:
:The first open meeting to discuss the growing issue of commercialism in academic research was convened by the New York Bar Association's patent committee. Participants included Steven Muller, president of Johns Hopkins University, Joshua Lederberg, president of Rockefeller University, and A. Thomas Bartlett, president of the American Association of Universities. As at the Pajaro Dunes meeting of university presidents a month earlier, the participants agreed that satisfactory university-industry agreements on genetic engineering research can be worked out. However, it appears that there will be no sweeping, general rules covering every campus and field of research.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Stein MDdoi
10.1038/296792a0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-04-29 00:00:00pages
792issue
5860eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
296pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::Chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) infected with avian sarcoma virus become rapidly transformed as a result of expression of the viral src gene in the form of a single polypeptide of molecular weight 60,000 (pp60src) with protein kinase activity and suggested preferential association with the plasma membrane. Studies with...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/287241a0
更新日期:1980-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Biological dinitrogen fixation provides the largest input of nitrogen to the oceans, therefore exerting important control on the ocean's nitrogen inventory and primary productivity. Nitrogen-isotope data from ocean sediments suggest that the marine-nitrogen inventory has been balanced for the past 3,000 years (ref. 4)...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11338
更新日期:2012-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::On 12 May 2008, the devastating magnitude 7.9 (Wenchuan) earthquake struck the eastern edge of the Tibetan plateau, collapsing buildings and killing thousands in major cities aligned along the western Sichuan basin in China. After such a large-magnitude earthquake, rearrangement of stresses in the crust commonly leads...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07177
更新日期:2008-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07151-0
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA double-strand breaks are generated by genotoxic agents and by cellular endonucleases as intermediates of several important physiological processes. The cellular response to genotoxic DNA breaks includes the activation of transcriptional programs known primarily to regulate cell-cycle checkpoints and cell survival....
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07392
更新日期:2008-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Glycosaminoglycans such as heparan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate are extracellular sugar chains involved in intercellular signalling. Disruptions of genes encoding enzymes that mediate glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis have severe consequences in Drosophila and mice. Mutations in the Drosophila gene sugarless, which ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01635
更新日期:2003-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative mapping, which compares the location of homologous genes in different species, is a powerful tool for studying genome evolution. Comparative maps suggest that rates of chromosomal change in mammals can vary from one to ten rearrangements per million years. On the basis of these rates we would expect 84 to ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/46555
更新日期:1999-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Perfusion chromatography is a technique based on fluid dynamics for reducing stagnant mobile phase mass transfer in liquid chromatography. This is achieved by using supports with large pores that allow mobile phase to flow through particles. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/350634a0
更新日期:1991-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Defects in the architecture or integrity of the nuclear envelope are associated with a variety of human diseases1. Micronuclei, one common nuclear aberration, are an origin for chromothripsis2, a catastrophic mutational process that is commonly observed in cancer3-5. Chromothripsis occurs after micronuclei spontaneous...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0534-z
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES, 'Job's syndrome') is characterized by recurrent and often severe pulmonary infections, pneumatoceles, eczema, staphylococcal abscesses, mucocutaneous candidiasis, and abnormalities of bone and connective tissue. Mutations presumed to underlie HIES have recently been ide...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06764
更新日期:2008-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in the visual cortex respond preferentially to edge-like stimuli of a particular orientation. It is a long-standing hypothesis that orientation selectivity arises during development through the activity-dependent refinement of cortical circuitry. Unambiguous evidence for such a process has, however, remained e...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/25736
更新日期:1998-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07674-6
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A serine/threonine kinase, named protein kinase B (PKB) for its sequence homology to both protein kinase A and C, has previously been isolated. PKB, which is identical to the kinase Rac, was later found to be the cellular homologue of the transforming v-Akt. Here we show that PKB is activated by stimuli such as insuli...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/376599a0
更新日期:1995-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Phase-dependent forms of microscopy (such as phase contrast, interference, or polarization microscopy) have been used for many years; the amount of phase retardation produces images based mainly on index of refraction. We have developed a microscope that forms images that depend on small differences in extinction for ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/328452a0
更新日期:1987-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Organ-specific metastasis is governed, in part, by interactions between chemokine receptors on cancer cells and matching chemokines in target organs. For example, malignant breast cancer cells express the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and commonly metastasize to organs that are an abundant source of the CXCR4-specific liga...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01874
更新日期:2003-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Protein chains coil into alpha-helices and beta-sheet structures. Knowing the timescales and mechanism of formation of these basic structural elements is essential for understanding how proteins fold. For the past 40 years, alpha-helix formation has been extensively investigated in synthetic and natural peptides, incl...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/36626
更新日期:1997-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Dynein and its cofactor dynactin form a highly processive microtubule motor in the presence of an activating adaptor, such as BICD2. Different adaptors link dynein and dynactin to distinct cargoes. Here we use electron microscopy and single-molecule studies to show that adaptors can recruit a second dynein to dynactin...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature25462
更新日期:2018-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Models and simulations of the epoch of reionization predict that spectra of the 21-centimetre transition of atomic hydrogen will show a clear fluctuation peak, at a redshift and scale, respectively, that mark the central stage of reionization and the characteristic size of ionized bubbles. This is based on the assumpt...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12999
更新日期:2014-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Many extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics explain the dominance of matter over antimatter in our Universe by neutrinos being their own antiparticles. This would imply the existence of neutrinoless double-β decay, which is an extremely rare lepton-number-violating radioactive decay process whose detecti...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature21717
更新日期:2017-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::The mec-2 gene is required for the function of a set of six touch receptor neurons in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans; mec-2 mutants, which are touch-insensitive, have touch cells that appear morphologically normal. Gene interaction studies suggest that mec-2 positively regulates the activity of the putative mecha...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/378292a0
更新日期:1995-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::The T-cell immune response is directed against antigenic peptide fragments generated in intracellular compartments, the cytosol or the endocytic system. Peptides derived from cytosolic proteins, usually of biosynthetic origin, are presented efficiently to T-cell receptors by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) clas...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/348738a0
更新日期:1990-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine is believed to work by blocking the dopamine transporter (DAT) and thereby increasing the availability of free dopamine within the brain. Although this concept is central to current cocaine research and to treatment development, a direct relationship between DAT blockade and the subjective effects of cocaine h...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/386827a0
更新日期:1997-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP) is thought to be a key process in cortical synaptic network plasticity and memory formation. Hebbian forms of LTP depend on strong postsynaptic depolarization, which in many models is generated by action potentials that propagate back from the soma into dendrites. However, local d...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13664
更新日期:2014-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the chronology for the assembly of planetary bodies in the early Solar System is essential for a complete understanding of star- and planet-formation processes. Various radionuclide chronometers (applied to meteorites) have been used to determine that basaltic lava flows on the surface of the asteroid Vest...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature00995
更新日期:2002-08-29 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07328-7
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The signature of Dansgaard-Oeschger events--millennial-scale abrupt climate oscillations during the last glacial period--is well established in ice cores and marine records. But the effects of such events in continental settings are not as clear, and their absolute chronology is uncertain beyond the limit of (14)C dat...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01391
更新日期:2003-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Developing an optical amplifier on silicon is essential for the success of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic integrated circuits. Recently, optical gain with a 1-nm bandwidth was demonstrated using the Raman effect, which led to the demonstration of a Raman oscillator, lossless optical modulation and optically tunab...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04932
更新日期:2006-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::The electronic properties of heterostructures of atomically thin van der Waals crystals can be modified substantially by moiré superlattice potentials from an interlayer twist between crystals1,2. Moiré tuning of the band structure has led to the recent discovery of superconductivity3,4 and correlated insulating phase...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1431-9
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The direct involvement of the pituitary-adrenal axis in birth has been well established, at least in sheep, and its removal prolongs pregnancy. As part of the process the fetal sheep adrenal grows rapidly during the 10-15 d prepartum and is associated with a large rise in the plasma corticosteroid concentration. This ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/284616a0
更新日期:1980-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::The hydrosulphide ion (HS(-)) and its undissociated form, hydrogen sulphide (H(2)S), which are believed to have been critical to the origin of life on Earth, remain important in physiology and cellular signalling. As a major metabolite in anaerobic bacterial growth, hydrogen sulphide is a product of both assimilatory ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10881
更新日期:2012-03-11 00:00:00