Abstract:
:Color vision requires the activity of cone photoreceptors to be compared in post-receptoral circuitry. Decades of psychophysical measurements have quantified the nature of these comparative interactions on a coarse scale. How such findings generalize to a cellular scale remains unclear. To answer that question, we quantified the influence of surrounding light on the appearance of spots targeted to individual cones. The eye's aberrations were corrected with adaptive optics and retinal position was precisely tracked in real-time to compensate for natural movement. Subjects reported the color appearance of each spot. A majority of L-and M-cones consistently gave rise to the sensation of white, while a smaller group repeatedly elicited hue sensations. When blue sensations were reported they were more likely mediated by M- than L-cones. Blue sensations were elicited from M-cones against a short-wavelength light that preferentially elevated the quantal catch in surrounding S-cones, while stimulation of the same cones against a white background elicited green sensations. In one of two subjects, proximity to S-cones increased the probability of blue reports when M-cones were probed. We propose that M-cone increments excited both green and blue opponent pathways, but the relative activity of neighboring cones favored one pathway over the other.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Schmidt BP,Sabesan R,Tuten WS,Neitz J,Roorda Adoi
10.1038/s41598-018-26754-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-06-04 00:00:00pages
8561issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-018-26754-1journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Practical applications of bacteriophages in medicine and biotechnology induce a great need for technologies of phage purification. None of the popular methods offer solutions for separation of a phage from another similar phage. We used affinity chromatography combined with competitive phage display (i) to purify T4 b...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep03220
更新日期:2013-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Both brain native inflammatory cells and infiltrated peripheral white blood cells (WBCs) are primary participants in the brain inflammatory damage post-TBI. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been reported to regulate microglias and astrocytes to affect inflammation after TBI, but its effect on modulating ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10201-8
更新日期:2017-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Sea buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides L.) is an important source of bioactive compounds such as: antioxidants, vitamins, fatty acids, amino acids, and minerals. Sea buckthorn leaves extracts have been proved to have anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral properties. In this paper, the extraction ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48610-6
更新日期:2019-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Obstacles to widespread deployments of direct air capture of CO2 (DAC) lie in high material and energy costs. By grafting quaternary ammonium (QA) functional group to mesoporous polymers with high surface area, a unique DAC adsorbent with moisture swing adsorption (MSA) ability and ultra-high kinetics was developed in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77477-1
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::We study the impact of the direction of magnetic flux on the electron motion in GaAs/InAs core/shell nanowires. At small tilt angles, when the magnetic field is aligned nearly parallel to the nanowire axis, we observe Aharonov-Bohm type h/e flux periodic magnetoconductance oscillations. These are attributed to transpo...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep24573
更新日期:2016-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn (Ti2448), a new β-type Ti alloy, consists of nontoxic elements and exhibits a low uniaxial tensile elastic modulus of approximately 45 GPa for biomedical implant applications. Nevertheless, the bio-corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Ti2448 alloys must be improved for long-term clinical use. I...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24590-x
更新日期:2018-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial focused ultrasound (US) has been demonstrated to stimulate neurons in animals and humans, but the mechanism of this effect is unknown. It has been hypothesized that US, a mechanical stimulus, may mediate cellular discharge by activating mechanosensitive ion channels embedded within cellular membranes. To ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep24170
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::The Przewalski's gazelle (Procapra przewalskii) is one of the most endangered ungulates in the world, with fewer than 2,000 individuals surviving in nine habitat fragments on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and isolated by human settlements and infrastructure. In particular, the Qinghai-Tibet railway, which crosses the larg...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18163-7
更新日期:2017-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to measure biomolecular dynamics within cells and tissues is very important to understand fundamental physiological processes including cell adhesion, signalling, movement, division or metabolism. Usually, such information is obtained using particle tracking methods or single point fluctuation spectroscopy...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07048
更新日期:2014-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and coordinately regulates a multitude of cellular processes. In response to a variety of extracellular stimuli, phosphorylation of both threonine and tyrosine residues activates ERK. Recent evidence indi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep16839
更新日期:2015-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) diagnosis is based on IgA-dominant glomerular deposits and histological scoring is done on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE) sections using the Oxford classification. Our aim was to use this underexploited resource to extract RNA and identify genes that characterize active (...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72026-2
更新日期:2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were performed with 13 non-peptidic neurotransmitters (NTs) in three different membrane environments. The results provide compelling evidence that NTs are divided into membrane-binding and membrane-nonbinding molecules. NTs adhere to the postsynaptic membrane surface whenever t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep19345
更新日期:2016-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Celiac disease (CeD) is a multifactorial disease influenced by both genetic and environmental risk factors. CeD genetic components are mainly due to HLA class II genes, which account for approximately 40% of the disease heritability. The environmental factor is linked to gliadin ingestion. Despite genetic and epigenet...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50735-7
更新日期:2019-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrafast thermomechanical responses and spallation behaviours of monocrystal copper films irradiated by femtosecond laser pulse are investigated using molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). Films with 〈100〉, 〈110〉 and 〈111〉 crystal orientations along the thickness direction were studied. The results show that the cryst...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09559-6
更新日期:2017-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::Relying on an exact time evolution scheme, we identify a novel transient energy transfer phenomenon in an exactly-solvable quantum microscopic model consisting of a three-level system coupled to two non-Markovian zero-temperature bosonic baths through two separable quantum channels. The dynamics of this model can be s...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep15332
更新日期:2015-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Up to 40% of congenital diseases present disturbances of brain and craniofacial development resulting in simultaneous alterations of both systems. Currently, the best available method to preclinically visualize the brain and the bones simultaneously is to co-register micro-magnetic resonance (µMR) and micro-computed t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75720-3
更新日期:2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Sauropodomorpha were herbivorous saurischian dinosaurs that incorporate Sauropoda and early-diverging sauropodomorphs. The oldest sauropodomorph remains are known from Late Triassic deposits, most of them Gondwanan. The Laurasian record comprises some Triassic forms, but the bulk is Jurassic in age. Among the 14 Juras...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67754-4
更新日期:2020-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Trophic variation in food web structure occurs among and within ecosystems. The magnitude of variation, however, differs from system to system. In ephemeral pond ecosystems, temporal dynamics are relatively more important than in many systems given that hydroperiod is the ultimate factor determining the presence of an...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08026-6
更新日期:2017-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Looking for single molecule electronic devices, we have investigated the charge transport properties of individual tetra-phenylporphyrin molecules on different substrates by ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy and by first-principles calculations. The tetra-phenylporphyrins with a Co atom (...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep08350
更新日期:2015-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::The combustion of hydrocarbon fuels within the automotive industry results in harmful and reactive incomplete combustion byproducts. Specifically, nitric oxide emissions (NO) lead to increased smog, acid rain, climate change, and respiratory inflammation within the population [Nitrogen Dioxide | American Lung Associat...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75360-7
更新日期:2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Heparan sulfate (HS) is a polysaccharide known to modulate many important biological processes, including Wnt signaling. However, the biochemical interaction between HS and Wnt molecules is not well characterized largely due to the lack of suitable methods. To determine the Wnt binding domain in HS, we used a Wnt sign...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep26245
更新日期:2016-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether it is possible to identify individual subjects on the basis of brain anatomical features. For this, we analyzed a dataset comprising 191 subjects who were scanned three times over a period of two years. Based on FreeSurfer routines, we generated three datasets covering 148 anatomical regions (corti...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23696-6
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Multiphoton microscopes are hampered by limited dynamic range, preventing weak sample features from being detected in the presence of strong features, or preventing the capture of unpredictable bursts in sample strength. We present a digital electronic add-on technique that vastly improves the dynamic range of a multi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06065-7
更新日期:2017-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 3 (CREB3L3), a transcription factor expressed in the liver and small intestine, governs fasting-response energy homeostasis. Tissue-specific CREB3L3 knockout mice have not been generated till date. To our knowledge, this is the first study using the one-step CRISPR/Cas9 s...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep27857
更新日期:2016-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::Despite non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) importance for tree productivity and resilience, little is known about their seasonal regulations and trade-off with growth and reproduction. We characterize the seasonal dynamics of NSC in relation to the aboveground phenology and temporal growth patterns of three deciduous M...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-57016-3
更新日期:2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of attention between competing processing demands can have dramatic real-world consequences, however little is known about how limited attentional resources are distributed during real-world behaviour. Here we employ mobile EEG to characterise the allocation of attention across multiple sensory-cognit...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51996-y
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::InGaN light emitting diodes (LED) structure with an embedded 1/4λ-stack nanoporous-GaN/undoped-GaN distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) structure have been demonstrated. Si-heavily doped GaN epitaxial layers (n(+)-GaN) in the 12-period n(+)-GaN/u-GaN stack structure are transformed into low refractive index nanoporous G...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep29138
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient's pain during mandibular third molar extraction often creates problems for a dental surgeon and can also cause immense patient discomfort, such as decreased quality of life, serious complications, or even danger to the patients' lives. Effective pain management is therefore of great importance. Conventional ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1038/srep40987
更新日期:2017-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cells are promising for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) and large animal models should be used to better understand the full spectrum of stem cell actions and preclinical evidences. In this study, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were transplanted into swine heart ischemia model. To detect...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep28250
更新日期:2016-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::The ancient harbour of Pisa, Portus Pisanus, was one of Italy's most influential seaports for many centuries. Nonetheless, very little is known about its oldest harbour and the relationships between environmental evolution and the main stages of harbour history. The port complex that ensured Pisa's position as an econ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29890-w
更新日期:2018-08-23 00:00:00