Abstract：
PURPOSE:To identify, map, and synthesize the individual-level key associations and modes of exposure for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), the most affected region by HCV. METHODS:Source of data was the MENA HCV Epidemiology Synthesis Project database, populated through systematic literature searches. Risk factors determined to be statistically significant after adjustment for confounders were extracted and categorized into key associations or modes of exposure. RESULTS:In total, 329 risk factors were identified from 109 articles in 14 of 24 MENA countries. Among key associations, age was most frequently reported (n = 39; 34.2%), followed by other infections/diseases (n = 20; 17.5%), and incarceration (n = 17; 14.9%). Among modes of exposure, health care-related exposures were most frequently reported (n = 127; 59.5%), followed by injecting drug use exposures (n = 45; 20.9%), community-related exposures (n = 34; 15.8%), and sexual-related exposures (n = 8; 3.7%). Blood transfusion, hemodialysis, surgical and other medical procedures, dental work, and medical injections were identified as key health care-related exposures. CONCLUSIONS:Health care appears to be the primary driver of prevalent (and possibly incident) infections in MENA, followed by injecting drug use. HCV screening should target the identified modes of exposure. Commitment to prevention should be an integral component of HCV response to achieve HCV elimination by 2030, with focus on strengthening infection control in health care facilities, improving injection safety and blood screening, and expanding harm reduction services for people who inject drugs.
journal_name
Ann Epidemioljournal_title
Annals of epidemiologyauthors
Mahmud S,Kouyoumjian SP,Al Kanaani Z,Chemaitelly H,Abu-Raddad LJdoi
10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.03.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-01 00:00:00pages
452-461issue
7eissn
1047-2797issn
1873-2585pii
S1047-2797(17)31166-3journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:We estimated female and male incident AIDS diagnosis rates (IARs) among people who inject drugs (PWID) in U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) over time to assess whether declines in IARs varied by sex after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) dissemination. METHODS:We compared IARs and 95% confide...
journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
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abstract：PURPOSE:Body mass index (BMI) derived from self-reported height and weight is often used to study adiposity and its health implications. However, misestimates of BMI from self-reported data have been observed. This study adds to the literature by demonstrating how anthropometric misreporting patterns differed by sex an...
journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
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更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Burden of disease (BoD) assessments typically rely on national-level incidence rates for the health outcomes of interest. The impact of using a constant national-level incidence rate, versus a more granular spatially varying rate, remains unknown and understudied in the literature. There has been an increasing ...
journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Heterocyclic amines (HCAs), which are found mainly in well-cooked meat, require metabolic activation to function as mutagens and animal carcinogens. Enzymes such as cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) and N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) perform this task and are subject to interindividual variation. The source of this varia...
journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Recent U.S. guidelines redefining blood-pressure categories have generated a continuing controversy regarding the new "prehypertensive" category (systolic, 120-139, diastolic, 80-89), signifying heightened risk of progression to outright hypertension and a need for lifestyle changes and frequent follow-up. This...
journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.annepidem.2005.02.010
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Although prospective data are limited, recent cross-sectional studies support obesity as a cause of asthma. They also suggest that the association is present only among women. Our analysis examines possible sex-race differences in the relationship between obesity and asthma. METHODS:We examined data from the 2...
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1047-2797(00)00096-x
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
